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Abdel-Haq M, Ojha SK, Hamoudi W, Kumar A, Tripathi MK, Khaliulin I, Domb AJ, Amal H. Effects of extended-release 7-nitroindazole gel formulation treatment on the behavior of Shank3 mouse model of autism. Nitric Oxide 2023; 140-141:41-49. [PMID: 37714296 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by behavioral deficits such as abnormalities in communication, social interaction, anxiety, and repetitive behavior. We have recently shown that the Shank3 mutation in mice representing a model of ASD causes excessive nitric oxide (NO) levels and aberrant protein S-nitrosylation. Further, 10-day daily injections of 7-NI, a neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, into Shank3Δ4-22 and Cntnap2(-/-) mutant mice (models of ASD) at a dose of 80 mg/kg reversed the manifestations of ASD phenotype. In this study, we proposed an extended release of 7-NI using a novel drug system. Importantly, unlike the intraperitoneal injections, our new preparation of poly (sebacic acid-co-ricinoleic acid) (PSARA) gel containing 7-NI was injected subcutaneously into the mutant mice only once. The animals underwent behavioral testing starting from day 3 post-injection. It should be noted that the developed PSARA gel formulation allowed a slow release of 7-NI maintaining the plasma level of the drug at ∼45 μg/ml/day. Further, we observed improved memory and social interaction and reduced anxiety-like behavior in Shank3 mutant mice. This was accompanied by a reduction in 3-nitrotyrosine levels (an indicator of nitrative/nitrosative stress) in plasma. Overall, we suggest that our single-dose formulation of PSARA gel is very efficient in rendering a therapeutic effect of 7-NI for at least 10 days. This approach may provide in the future a rational design of an effective ASD treatment using 7-NI and its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdel-Haq
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Shashank Kumar Ojha
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Wajeha Hamoudi
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Awanish Kumar
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Manish Kumar Tripathi
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Igor Khaliulin
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Abraham J Domb
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
| | - Haitham Amal
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
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Gholami Mahmoudian Z, Komaki A, Rashidi I, Amiri I, Ghanbari A. The effect of minocycline on beta-amyloid-induced memory and learning deficit in male rats: A behavioral, biochemical, and histological study. J Chem Neuroanat 2022; 125:102158. [PMID: 36084891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2022.102158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Minocycline hydrochloride is a semi-synthetic, second-generation tetracycline with neuroprotective, neurorestorative, anti-amyloidogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. The present study was designed to investigate the potential protective effects of minocycline against beta-amyloid (Aβ)-induced Alzheimer's disease (AD), recognition memory decline, and the possible involved anti-apoptotic mechanisms. METHODS The rats were treated with minocycline (50 and 100 mg/kg/day; P.O.) after AD induction for 30 days. Behavioral functions were assessed by employing standard behavioral tests, including novel object recognition (NOR) and passive avoidance learning (PAL) tasks. Then, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured in blood serum using ELISA kits. Apoptosis and the number of Aβ plaques were examined by the TUNEL and Congo red staining, respectively. RESULTS Treatment of Aβ rats with minocycline improved memory deficit in the PAL task and a decline in recognition memory in the NOR test. Minocycline at 50 and 100 mg/kg significantly reduced the TOS levels and increased the TAC levels (P < 0.0001). Also, minocycline at 50 and 100 mg/kg reduced the apoptotic index in the hippocampus of Aβ rats. After Congo red staining, the minocycline group showed improved cell morphology and markedly fewer Aβ plaques. CONCLUSIONS Minocycline reduced memory and learning deficit in behavioral experiments after Aβ injection, which may be due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Rashidi
- Department of Anatomical Science, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Iraj Amiri
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Ghanbari
- Department of Anatomical Science, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Schmidt SD, Zinn CG, Behling JAK, Furian AF, Furini CRG, de Carvalho Myskiw J, Izquierdo I. Inhibition of PACAP/PAC1/VPAC2 signaling impairs the consolidation of social recognition memory and nitric oxide prevents this deficit. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2021; 180:107423. [PMID: 33705861 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Social recognition memory (SRM) forms the basis of social relationships of animals. It is essential for social interaction and adaptive behavior, reproduction and species survival. Evidence demonstrates that social deficits of psychiatric disorders such as autism and schizophrenia are caused by alterations in SRM processing by the hippocampus and amygdala. Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) and its receptors PAC1, VPAC1 and VPAC2 are highly expressed in these regions. PACAP is a pleiotropic neuropeptide that modulates synaptic function and plasticity and is thought to be involved in social behavior. PACAP signaling also stimulates the nitric oxide (NO) production and targets outcomes to synapses. In the present work, we investigate the effect of the infusion of PACAP-38 (endogenous neuropeptide and potent stimulator of adenylyl cyclase), PACAP 6-38 (PAC1/VPAC2 receptors antagonist) and S-Nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine (SNAP, NO donor) in the CA1 region of the hippocampus and in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) on the consolidation of SRM. For this, male Wistar rats with cannulae implanted in CA1 or in BLA were subjected to a social discrimination paradigm, which is based on the natural ability of rodents to investigate unfamiliar conspecifics more than familiar one. In the sample phase (acquisition), animals were exposed to a juvenile conspecific for 1 h. Immediately, 60 or 150 min after, animals received one of different pharmacological treatments. Twenty-four hours later, they were submitted to a 5 min retention test in the presence of the previously presented juvenile (familiar) and a novel juvenile. Animals that received infusions of PACAP 6-38 (40 pg/side) into CA1 immediately after the sample phase or into BLA immediately or 60 min after the sample phase were unable to recognize the familiar juvenile during the retention test. This impairment was abolished by the coinfusion of PACAP 6-38 plus SNAP (5 μg/side). These results show that the blockade of PACAP/PAC1/VPAC2 signaling in the CA1 and BLA during a restricted post-acquisition time window impairs the consolidation of SRM and that the SNAP is able to abolish this deficit. Findings like this could potentially be used in the future to influence studies of psychiatric disorders involving social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scheila Daiane Schmidt
- Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6690-2nd Floor, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Garrido Zinn
- Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6690-2nd Floor, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jonny Anderson Kielbovicz Behling
- Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6690-2nd Floor, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Furian
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Regina Guerino Furini
- Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6690-2nd Floor, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; National Institute of Translational Neuroscience (INNT), National Research Council of Brazil, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jociane de Carvalho Myskiw
- Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6690-2nd Floor, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; National Institute of Translational Neuroscience (INNT), National Research Council of Brazil, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Ivan Izquierdo
- Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6690-2nd Floor, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; National Institute of Translational Neuroscience (INNT), National Research Council of Brazil, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Jiang R, Wu XF, Wang B, Guan RX, Lv LM, Li AP, Lei L, Ma Y, Li N, Li QF, Ma QH, Zhao J, Li S. Reduction of NgR in perforant path decreases amyloid-β peptide production and ameliorates synaptic and cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice. Alzheimers Res Ther 2020; 12:47. [PMID: 32331528 PMCID: PMC7181577 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00616-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyloid beta (Aβ) which is recognized as a main feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been proposed to "spread" through anatomically and functionally connected brain regions. The entorhinal cortex and perforant path are the earliest affected brain regions in AD. The perforant path is the most vulnerable circuit in the cortex with respect to both aging and AD. Previous data show that the origins and terminations of the perforant path are susceptible to amyloid deposition at the younger age in AD. Nogo receptor (NgR) plays an essential role in limiting injury-induced axonal growth and experience-dependent plasticity in the adult brain. It has been suggested that NgR is involved in AD pathological features, but the results have been conflicting and the detailed mechanism needs further investigation. In this study, the effect of NgR in the perforant path on the pathological and functional phenotype of APP/PS1 transgenic mice was studied. METHODS To genetically manipulate NgR expression, adeno-associated virus (AAV) with short hairpin (shRNA) against NgR was injected into the perforant path of APP/PS1 transgenic mice, followed by an assessment of behavioral, synaptic plasticity and neuropathological phenotypes. NgR was overexpressed or knockdown in neuroblastoma N2a cells and APPswe/HEK293 cells to investigate the interaction between NgR and amyloid precursor protein (APP). RESULTS It is shown that reduction of NgR in the perforant path rescued cognitive and synaptic deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Concurrently, Aβ production in the perforant path and levels of soluble Aβ and amyloid plaques in the hippocampus were significantly decreased. There was a positive correlation between the total APP protein level and NgR expression both in transgenic mice and in cultured cells, where the α-secretase and β-secretase cleavage products both changed with APP level in parallel. Finally, NgR might inhibit APP degradation through lysosome by Rho/Rho-associated protein kinases (ROCK) signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that perforant path NgR plays an important role in regulating APP/Aβ level and cognitive functions in AD transgenic mice, which might be related to the suppression of APP degradation by NgR. Our study suggests that NgR in the perforant path could be a potential target for modulating AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jiang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xue-Fei Wu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Rong-Xiao Guan
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lang-Man Lv
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ai-Ping Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Lei
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ye Ma
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Na Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi-Fa Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Quan-Hong Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shao Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Argyrousi EK, Heckman PRA, Prickaerts J. Role of cyclic nucleotides and their downstream signaling cascades in memory function: Being at the right time at the right spot. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 113:12-38. [PMID: 32044374 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A plethora of studies indicate the important role of cAMP and cGMP cascades in neuronal plasticity and memory function. As a result, altered cyclic nucleotide signaling has been implicated in the pathophysiology of mnemonic dysfunction encountered in several diseases. In the present review we provide a wide overview of studies regarding the involvement of cyclic nucleotides, as well as their upstream and downstream molecules, in physiological and pathological mnemonic processes. Next, we discuss the regulation of the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides via phosphodiesterases, the enzymes that degrade cAMP and/or cGMP, and via A-kinase-anchoring proteins that refine signal compartmentalization of cAMP signaling. We also provide an overview of the available data pointing to the existence of specific time windows in cyclic nucleotide signaling during neuroplasticity and memory formation and the significance to target these specific time phases for improving memory formation. Finally, we highlight the importance of emerging imaging tools like Förster resonance energy transfer imaging and optogenetics in detecting, measuring and manipulating the action of cyclic nucleotide signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elentina K Argyrousi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands
| | - Pim R A Heckman
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands
| | - Jos Prickaerts
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands.
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Akkoc H, Acar A, Toprak G, Uyar E. Effects of Sublethal Doses of Thiacloprid, a Neonicotinoid Insecticide, on Learning and Memory Performance of Mice. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2020.72.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Xie CW, Wang ZZ, Zhang YN, Chen YL, Li RP, Zhang JD. Effect of Interaction between Adenosine and Nitric Oxide on Central Nervous System Oxygen Toxicity. Neurotox Res 2019; 36:193-203. [PMID: 30927242 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The metabolism of adenosine (ADO) and nitric oxide (NO) in brain tissues is closely associated with the change of oxygen content. They have contrary effects in the onset of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO)-induced central nervous system oxygen toxicity (CNS OT): ADO can suppress the onset, while NO promotes it. We adopted the ADO-augmenting measure and NO-inhibiting measure in this study and found the combined use had a far superior preventive and therapeutic effect in protecting against CNS OT compared with the use of either measure alone. So we hypothesized that there is an interaction between ADO and NO which has an important impact on the onset of CNS OT. On this basis, we administered ADO-augmenting or ADO-inhibiting drugs to rats. After exposure to HBO, the onset of CNS OT was evaluated, followed by the measurement of NO content in brain tissues. In another experiment, rats were administered NO-augmenting or NO-inhibiting drugs. After exposure to HBO, the onset of CNS OT was evaluated, followed by measurement of the activities of ADO metabolism-related enzymes in brain tissues. The results showed that, following ADO augmentation, the content of NO and its metabolite was significantly reduced, and the onset of CNS OT significantly improved. After ADO inhibition, just the opposite was observed. NO promotion resulted in a decrease in the activity of ADO-producing enzyme, an increase in the activity of ADO-decomposing enzyme, and an aggravation in CNS OT. The above results were all reversed after an inhibition in NO content. Studies have shown that exposure to HBO has a significant impact on the content of ADO and NO in brain tissues as well as their biological effects, and ADO and NO might have an intense interaction, which might generate an important effect on the onset of CNS OT. The prophylaxis and treatment effects of CNS OT can be greatly enhanced by augmenting ADO and inhibiting NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Xie
- Department of Diving Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhong-Zhuang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- Department of Diving Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yu-Liang Chen
- Nautical and Aviation Medicine Center, Navy General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 10048, China
| | - Run-Ping Li
- Department of Diving Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Jun-Dong Zhang
- Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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Morroni F, Sita G, Graziosi A, Turrini E, Fimognari C, Tarozzi A, Hrelia P. Protective Effects of 6-(Methylsulfinyl)hexyl Isothiocyanate on Aβ 1-42-Induced Cognitive Deficit, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2083. [PMID: 30021941 PMCID: PMC6073905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia among older people. Although soluble amyloid species are recognized triggers of the disease, no therapeutic approach is able to stop it. 6-(Methylsulfinyl)hexyl isothiocyanate (6-MSITC) is a major bioactive compound in Wasabia japonica, which is a typical Japanese pungent spice. Recently, in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that 6-MSITC has several biological properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective activity of 6-MSITC in a murine AD model, induced by intracerebroventricular injection of β-amyloid oligomers (Aβ1-42O). The treatment with 6-MSITC started 1 h after the surgery for the next 10 days. Behavioral analysis showed that 6-MSITC ameliorated Aβ1-42O-induced memory impairments. The decrease of glutathione levels and increase of reactive oxygen species in hippocampal tissues following Aβ1-42O injection were reduced by 6-MSITC. Moreover, activation of caspases, increase of inflammatory factors, and phosphorylation of ERK and GSK3 were inhibited by 6-MSITC. These results highlighted an interesting neuroprotective activity of 6-MSITC, which was able to restore a physiological oxidative status, interfere positively with Nrf2-pathway, decrease apoptosis and neuroinflammation and contribute to behavioral recovery. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that 6-MSITC could be a promising complement for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Morroni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Giulia Sita
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Agnese Graziosi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Turrini
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto, 237, 47900 Rimini, Italy.
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto, 237, 47900 Rimini, Italy.
| | - Andrea Tarozzi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto, 237, 47900 Rimini, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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Iashchishyn IA, Gruden MA, Moskalenko RA, Davydova TV, Wang C, Sewell RDE, Morozova-Roche LA. Intranasally Administered S100A9 Amyloids Induced Cellular Stress, Amyloid Seeding, and Behavioral Impairment in Aged Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:1338-1348. [PMID: 29618200 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid formation and neuroinflammation are major features of Alzheimer's disease pathology. Proinflammatory mediator S100A9 was shown to act as a link between the amyloid and neuroinflammatory cascades in Alzheimer's disease, leading together with Aβ to plaque formation, neuronal loss and memory impairment. In order to examine if S100A9 alone in its native and amyloid states can induce neuronal stress and memory impairment, we have administered S100A9 species intranasally to aged mice. Single and sequential immunohistochemistry and passive avoidance behavioral test were conducted to evaluate the consequences. Administered S100A9 species induced widespread cellular stress responses in cerebral structures, including frontal lobe, hippocampus and cerebellum. These were manifested by increased levels of S100A9, Bax, and to a lesser extent activated caspase-3 immunopositive cells. Upon administration of S100A9 fibrils, the amyloid oligomerization was observed in the brain tissues, which can further exacerbate cellular stress. The cellular stress responses correlated with significantly increased training and decreased retention latencies measured in the passive avoidance test for the S100A9 treated animal groups. Remarkably, the effect size in the behavioral tests was moderate already in the group treated with native S100A9, while the effect sizes were large in the groups administered S100A9 amyloid oligomers or fibrils. The findings demonstrate the brain susceptibility to neurotoxic damage of S100A9 species leading to behavioral and memory impairments. Intranasal administration of S100A9 species proved to be an effective method to study amyloid induced brain dysfunctions, and S100A9 itself may be postulated as a target to allay early stage neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A. Iashchishyn
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå SE-90187, Sweden
- Department of General Chemistry, Sumy State University, Sumy 40007, Ukraine
| | - Marina A. Gruden
- Department of Functional Neurochemistry, P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Roman A. Moskalenko
- Department of Pathology, Sumy State University, Sumy 40007, Ukraine
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå SE-90187, Sweden
| | - Tatiana V. Davydova
- Department of Neuroimmunopathology, Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå SE-90187, Sweden
| | - Robert D. E. Sewell
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, United Kingdom
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Comparison of the Response of Male BALB/c and C57BL/6 Mice in Behavioral Tasks to Evaluate Cognitive Function. Behav Sci (Basel) 2018; 8:bs8010014. [PMID: 29346276 PMCID: PMC5791032 DOI: 10.3390/bs8010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate several cognitive parameters during the execution of behavioral tasks assessing cognitive function in laboratory animals, the parameters are reported within a range. This situation entails that each laboratory must establish the conditions under which the behavioral task to evaluate the cognitive function can be carried out. C57BL/6 and BALB/c inbred strains are used more often in behavioral studies relating to anxiety, stress, fear and cognitive function. The aim of this work was to compare the behavioral response of mice of the strains BALB/c and C57BL/6 to evaluate memory and learning as cognitive functions. Young male mice, 7-8 weeks of age, from each strain were used. Y maze, object recognition and passive avoidance tasks were performed. Both strains of mice showed differences in the response to the passive avoidance and Y maze task. This study advances knowledge about the baseline behavior of laboratory mice strains and their response during the experimental procedures, which are due to the treatment, genetic influence, procedural differences, genetic background variance, or any combination of these elements.
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11
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Chan YL, Saad S, Machaalani R, Oliver BG, Vissel B, Pollock C, Jones NM, Chen H. Maternal Cigarette Smoke Exposure Worsens Neurological Outcomes in Adolescent Offspring with Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:306. [PMID: 29018327 PMCID: PMC5623008 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) encephalopathy occurs in approximately 6 per 1000 term newborns leading to devastating neurological consequences, such as cerebral palsy and seizures. Maternal smoking is one of the prominent risk factors contributing to HI injury. Mitochondrial integrity plays a critical role in neural injury and repair during HI. We previously showed that maternal cigarette smoke exposure (SE) can reduce brain mitochondrial fission and autophagosome markers in male offspring. This was accompanied by increased brain cell apoptosis (active caspase-3) and DNA fragmentation (TUNEL staining). Here, we aimed to investigate whether maternal SE leads to more severe neurological damage after HI brain injury in male offspring. Female BALB/c mice (8 weeks) were exposed to cigarette smoke prior to mating, during gestation, and lactation. At postnatal day 10, half of the pups from each litter underwent left carotid artery occlusion, followed by exposure to 8% oxygen (92% nitrogen). At postnatal day 40-44, maternal SE reduced grip strength in grip traction and foot fault tests, which were also reduced by HI injury to similar levels regardless of the maternal group. Limb coordination was impaired by maternal SE which was not worsened by HI injury. Maternal SE increased anxiety level in the offspring, which was normalized by HI injury. Apoptosis markers were increased in different brain regions by maternal SE, with the cortex having further increased TUNEL by HI injury, along with increased markers of inflammation and mitophagy. We conclude that maternal SE can worsen HI-induced cellular damage in male offspring well into adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yik L Chan
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonia Saad
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Renal Research Group, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Rita Machaalani
- Department of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brian G Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bryce Vissel
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carol Pollock
- Renal Research Group, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole M Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Schiavone S, Trabace L. Pharmacological targeting of redox regulation systems as new therapeutic approach for psychiatric disorders: A literature overview. Pharmacol Res 2016; 107:195-204. [PMID: 26995306 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Redox dysregulation occurs following a disequilibrium between reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing and degrading systems, i.e. mitochondria, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) on one hand and the principal antioxidant system, the glutathione, on the other hand. Increasing recent evidence points towards a pathogenetic role of an altered redox state in the development of several mental disorders, such as anxiety, bipolar disorders, depression, psychosis, autism and post-traumaticstress disorders (PTSD). In this regard, pharmacological targeting of the redox state regulating systems in the brain has been proposed as an innovative and promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of these mental diseases. This review will summarize current knowledge obtained from both pre-clinical and clinical studies in order to descant "lights and shadows" of targeting pharmacologically both the producing and degrading reactive oxygen species (ROS) systems in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Schiavone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 20 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Luigia Trabace
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 20 71122 Foggia, Italy.
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13
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The misfolded pro-inflammatory protein S100A9 disrupts memory via neurochemical remodelling instigating an Alzheimer's disease-like cognitive deficit. Behav Brain Res 2016; 306:106-16. [PMID: 26965570 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Memory deficits may develop from a variety of neuropathologies including Alzheimer's disease dementia. During neurodegenerative conditions there are contributory factors such as neuroinflammation and amyloidogenesis involved in memory impairment. In the present study, dual properties of S100A9 protein as a pro-inflammatory and amyloidogenic agent were explored in the passive avoidance memory task along with neurochemical assays in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of aged mice. S100A9 oligomers and fibrils were generated in vitro and verified by AFM, Thioflavin T and A11 antibody binding. Native S100A9 as well as S100A9 oligomers and fibrils or their combination were administered intranasally over 14 days followed by behavioral and neurochemical analysis. Both oligomers and fibrils evoked amnestic activity which correlated with disrupted prefrontal cortical and hippocampal dopaminergic neurochemistry. The oligomer-fibril combination produced similar but weaker neurochemistry to the fibrils administered alone but without passive avoidance amnesia. Native S100A9 did not modify memory task performance even though it generated a general and consistent decrease in monoamine levels (DA, 5-HT and NA) and increased metabolic marker ratios of DA and 5-HT turnover (DOPAC/DA, HVA/DA and 5-HIAA) in the prefrontal cortex. These results provide insight into a novel pathogenetic mechanism underlying amnesia in a fear-aggravated memory task based on amyloidogenesis of a pro-inflammatory factor leading to disrupted brain neurochemistry in the aged brain. The data further suggests that amyloid species of S100A9 create deleterious effects principally on the dopaminergic system and this novel finding might be potentially exploited during dementia management through a neuroprotective strategy.
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14
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de Nadai TR, de Nadai MN, Cassiano Silveira AP, Celotto AC, Albuquerque AAS, de Carvalho MTR, Scarpelini S, Rodrigues AJ, Evora PRB. In vitro effects of extracellular hypercapnic acidification on the reactivity of rat aorta. Nitric Oxide 2015; 50:79-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Anaeigoudari A, Shafei MN, Soukhtanloo M, Sadeghnia HR, Reisi P, Beheshti F, Mohebbati R, Mousavi SM, Hosseini M. Lipopolysaccharide-induced memory impairment in rats is preventable using 7-nitroindazole. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2015; 73:784-90. [DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20150121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress have important roles in memory impairment. The effect of 7-nitroindazole (7NI) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced memory impairment was investigated. Rats were used, divided into four groups that were treated as follows: (1) control (saline); (2) LPS; (3) 7NI-LPS; and (4) 7NI before passive avoidance (PA). In the LPS group, the latency for entering the dark compartment was shorter than in the controls (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001); while in the 7NI-LPS group, it was longer than in the LPS group (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001). Malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) metabolite concentrations in the brain tissues of the LPS group were higher than in the controls (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05); while in the 7NI-LPS group, they were lower than in the LPS group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). The thiol content in the brain of the LPS group was lower than in the controls (p < 0.001); while in the 7NI-LPS group, it was higher than in the LPS group (p < 0.001). It is suggested that brain tissue oxidative damage and NO elevation have a role in the deleterious effects of LPS on memory retention that are preventable using 7NI.
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Brodziak A, Kołat E, Różyk-Myrta A. In search of memory tests equivalent for experiments on animals and humans. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:2733-9. [PMID: 25524993 PMCID: PMC4280055 DOI: 10.12659/msm.891056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Older people often exhibit memory impairments. Contemporary demographic trends cause aging of the society. In this situation, it is important to conduct clinical trials of drugs and use training methods to improve memory capacity. Development of new memory tests requires experiments on animals and then clinical trials in humans. Therefore, we decided to review the assessment methods and search for tests that evaluate analogous cognitive processes in animals and humans. This review has enabled us to propose 2 pairs of tests of the efficiency of working memory capacity in animals and humans. We propose a basic set of methods for complex clinical trials of drugs and training methods to improve memory, consisting of 2 pairs of tests: 1) the Novel Object Recognition Test – Sternberg Item Recognition Test and 2) the Object-Location Test – Visuospatial Memory Test. We postulate that further investigations of methods that are equivalent in animals experiments and observations performed on humans are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Brodziak
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Estera Kołat
- Institute of Nursing, University of Applied Sciences, Nysa, Poland
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