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Survival and prognostic determinants of prostate cancer patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229854. [PMID: 32134996 PMCID: PMC7058322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, the incidence of prostate cancer is increasing, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. It is the most common cancer among men worldwide, with higher mortality in low and middle-income countries. In Ethiopia, it is the second most common cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among men. Despite a few studies done regarding the disease burden, the evidence is scarce about the survival and prognostic determinants of prostate cancer patients in Ethiopia. Thus, this study assessed the survival and prognostic determinants of patients with prostate cancer. Methods We retrospectively followed patients who were newly diagnosed from 2012 to 2016 at the Oncology Department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. We extracted the data from patient charts that were available in the cancer registry using a checklist with the help of oncology nurses. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses with the log-rank test were used to estimate and compare the probability of survival among covariate categories. After checking for assumptions, a multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic determinants of survival. Results The median survival time was 28 months with an overall 2-, 3- and 5-year survival of 57%, 38.9% and 22%, respectively. The overall survival differs according to the clinical stage (P-value<0.01), presence or absence of distant metastasis (P<0.01) and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) (P<0.05). Cancer stage at diagnosis (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) = 0.309, 95%CI = 0.151–0.633) and ADT (AHR = 3.884, 95%CI = 1.677–8.997) remained significant in the final Cox proportional hazards model. Conclusions The overall 2-, 3- and 5-year survival of prostate cancer patients in Ethiopia is very low. The cancer stage at diagnosis and treatment modalities are significant prognostic determinants of survival. Therefore, early detection through screening and timely initiation of treatment are essential to improve the survival of prostate cancer patients.
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Yuan P, Wang S, Liu X, Wang X, Ye Z, Chen Z. The role of cystoprostatectomy in management of locally advanced prostate cancer: a systematic review. World J Surg Oncol 2020; 18:14. [PMID: 31959170 PMCID: PMC6971978 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-020-1791-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of cystoprostatectomy for the treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPC) was evaluated by a comprehensive review of contemporary literatures. Methods A systematic search of English language literatures using PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane library, from 1990 to 2018, was performed. Two independent authors reviewed abstracts as well as full-text articles and extracted data from the selected manuscripts. Results After the literature research, seven articles with a total of 211 patients were identified. Both 120 cases who received cystoprostatectomy for the primary treatment of LAPC and 91 cases for the salvage surgery after local recurrence were finally included. Overall incidence of positive surgical margins ranged from 25 to 78%. The incidence of major complications caused by the surgery during the follow-up time was limited. It had been reported that among LAPC patients who received cystoprostatectomy combined with adjuvant therapies, 5-year cancer-specific survival rate and 5-year biochemical progression-free survival was up to 87.1% and 62.2%. Moreover, symptoms such as hematuria and other urination dysfunctions, as well as patients’ quality of life were significantly improved after cystoprostatectomy in LAPC patients with the bladder invasion. Conclusions Cystoprostatectomy can serve as an alternative to the surgical step of multimodal therapy for highly selected LAPC patients with the bladder invasion, which may improve patients’ symptoms and related quality of life. Therefore, cystoprostatectomy as an option for the treatment of LAPC with the bladder invasion may be feasible and safe with considerable survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yuan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shen Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinguang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhangqun Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Huang F, Zhao H, Du Z, Jiang H. miR-615 Inhibits Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Directly Targeting Cyclin D2. Oncol Res 2018; 27:293-299. [PMID: 29471894 PMCID: PMC7848464 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15190399381143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that miR-615 exerts a tumor suppressor role in some tumors, such as esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer. However, the role of miR-615 in prostate cancer has not been defined. Here we found that miR-615 was downregulated in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-615 in PC-3 cells significantly inhibited cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, overexpression of miR-615 delayed tumor growth in vivo. In terms of mechanism, we found that cyclin D2 (CCND2) is a target gene of miR-615 in prostate cancer. We showed that miR-615 could bind to the 3′-UTR region of CCND2 mRNA and inhibit its expression. There was a negative correlation between the expression of miR-615 and CCND2 in prostate cancer tissues. Moreover, restoration of cyclin D2 abolished the inhibitory effects of miR-615 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer cells. Taken together, our study identified miR-615 as a tumor suppressor by targeting cyclin D2 in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongjun Zhao
- Department of Urology, Yantai Municipal Laiyang Central Hospital, Laiyang, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhaojin Du
- Reproductive Medical Center, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yantai Municipal Laiyang Central Hospital, Laiyang, Shandong Province, P.R. China
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Guo J, Xiao Z, Yu X, Cao R. miR-20b promotes cellular proliferation and migration by directly regulating phosphatase and tensin homolog in prostate cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:6895-6900. [PMID: 29163708 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs, which are critical regulators of carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Previous studies have identified that microRNA-20b (miR-20b) acts as an oncogene in numerous cancers. However, the role of miR-20b in prostate cancer remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the expression of miR-20b in prostate cancer and to examine whether modulating miR-20b expression impacts prostate cancer cellular proliferation and migration. It was revealed that miR-20b was strongly expressed in prostate cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal prostate tissues (P<0.05). Knockdown of miR-20b expression by miR-20b inhibitor inhibited VCaP and PC-3 cell growth and migration. Through bioinformatics analysis, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was predicted as a target gene of miR-20b in prostate cancer cells, which was validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay and western blot analysis. In addition, restoration of PTEN expression levels did not affect endogenous miR-20b expression in prostate cancer cells. In conclusion, the present study indicated that miR-20b promotes cellular proliferation and migration by directly regulating PTEN in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Guo
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zewen Xiao
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xingwei Yu
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Runfu Cao
- Institute of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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High expression of ASPM correlates with tumor progression and predicts poor outcome in patients with prostate cancer. Int Urol Nephrol 2017; 49:817-823. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-017-1545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Fu Y, Cao F. MicroRNA-125a-5p regulates cancer cell proliferation and migration through NAIF1 in prostate carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:3827-35. [PMID: 26719710 PMCID: PMC4689268 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s92314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated the functional roles of microRNA-125a-5p in regulating human prostate carcinoma. Methods Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to evaluate the gene expression levels of miR-125a-5p in eight prostate cancer cell lines and nine biopsy specimens from patients with prostate cancer. miR-125a-5p was genetically knocked down in prostate cancer cell lines, DU145 and VCaP cells by lentiviral transduction. The effects of miR-125a-5p downregulation on prostate cancer cell proliferation and migration were evaluated by MTT assay and transwell assay, respectively. Direct regulation of miR-125a-5p on its downstream targets, NAIF1, and apoptotic gene caspase-3 were evaluated through dual-luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and Western blot, respectively. NAIF1 was then ectopically overexpressed in DU145 and VCaP cells to modulate prostate cancer cell proliferation and migration. Finally, the effects of miR-125a-5p downregulation or NAIF1 overexpression on the growth of in vivo prostate cancer xenograft were evaluated. Results miR-125a-5p was upregulated in prostate cancer cell lines and human prostate carcinomas. Lentivirus induced miR-125a-5p downregulation in DU145 and VCaP cells inhibited prostate cancer cell proliferation or migration. NAIF1 was the direct target of miR-125a-5p, as both gene and protein expression levels of NAIF1, as well as caspase-3 were upregulated by miR-125a-5p. Forced overexpression of NAIF1 had similar antitumor effects as miR-125a-5p downregulation on prostate cancer cell proliferation and migration. In vivo prostate xenograft assay confirmed the tumor-suppressive effect of miR-125a-5p downregulation or NAIF1 overexpression. Conclusion miR-125a-5p regulates prostate cancer cell proliferation and migration through NAIF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fu
- Department of Urology, The Oilfield General Hospital of Daqing, Daqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuhua Cao
- Department of Urology, The Oilfield General Hospital of Daqing, Daqing, People's Republic of China
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Dmitriev AA, Rosenberg EE, Krasnov GS, Gerashchenko GV, Gordiyuk VV, Pavlova TV, Kudryavtseva AV, Beniaminov AD, Belova AA, Bondarenko YN, Danilets RO, Glukhov AI, Kondratov AG, Alexeyenko A, Alekseev BY, Klein G, Senchenko VN, Kashuba VI. Identification of Novel Epigenetic Markers of Prostate Cancer by NotI-Microarray Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:241301. [PMID: 26491211 PMCID: PMC4602334 DOI: 10.1155/2015/241301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A significant need for reliable and accurate cancer diagnostics and prognosis compels the search for novel biomarkers that would be able to discriminate between indolent and aggressive tumors at the early stages of disease. The aim of this work was identification of potential diagnostic biomarkers for characterization of different types of prostate tumors. NotI-microarrays with 180 clones associated with chromosome 3 genes/loci were applied to determine genetic and epigenetic alterations in 33 prostate tumors. For 88 clones, aberrations were detected in more than 10% of tumors. The major types of alterations were DNA methylation and/or deletions. Frequent methylation of the discovered loci was confirmed by bisulfite sequencing on selective sampling of genes: FGF12, GATA2, and LMCD1. Three genes (BHLHE40, BCL6, and ITGA9) were tested for expression level alterations using qPCR, and downregulation associated with hypermethylation was shown in the majority of tumors. Based on these data, we proposed the set of potential biomarkers for detection of prostate cancer and discrimination between prostate tumors with different malignancy and aggressiveness: BHLHE40, FOXP1, LOC285205, ITGA9, CTDSPL, FGF12, LOC440944/SETD5, VHL, CLCN2, OSBPL10/ZNF860, LMCD1, FAM19A4, CAND2, MAP4, KY, and LRRC58. Moreover, we probabilistically estimated putative functional relations between the genes within each set using the network enrichment analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow 125284, Russia
| | - Eugenia E. Rosenberg
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - George S. Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Ganna V. Gerashchenko
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Vasily V. Gordiyuk
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Tatiana V. Pavlova
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna V. Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Artemy D. Beniaminov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anastasia A. Belova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Yuriy N. Bondarenko
- Institute of Urology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 04053, Ukraine
| | - Rostislav O. Danilets
- Institute of Urology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 04053, Ukraine
| | - Alexander I. Glukhov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Kurchatov NBIC Centre NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Aleksandr G. Kondratov
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Andrey Alexeyenko
- Bioinformatics Infrastructure for Life Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boris Y. Alekseev
- P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow 125284, Russia
| | - George Klein
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vera N. Senchenko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir I. Kashuba
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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