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Soufivand P, Gandomi F, Assar S, Abbasi H, Salimi M, Ezati M, Pournazari M, Shahsavari S. The effect of a six-week Aqua Pilates and Aqua Stretch intervention on pain, function, and quality of life in patients affected by ankylosing spondylitis: A rater-blind randomized controlled trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2024; 37:355-367. [PMID: 37980643 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-230077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been a dearth of research into the benefits of water-based workouts for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the effect of Aqua Stretch and Aqua Pilates in improving quality of life (QOL), function, and pain in AS patients. METHODS This study was conducted on 40 patients, who were randomly assigned to the Aqua Pilates, Aqua Stretch, and control groups. The experimental groups attended interventions for six-week. QOL, pain intensity, function, and fatigue were measured before and after treatments. RESULTS Except for the chest expanding, all variables in the Aqua Stretch group changed significantly after six weeks (p< 0.05). QOL (p= 0.002), 6MWT (p= 0.016), and Schober flexion (p= 0.011) showed changes, while BASDAI (p= 0.0001), VAS (p= 0.0001), fatigue (p= 0.0001), and Schober extension (p= 0.028) showed significant decreases. Except for chest expansion and Schober extension, which did not alter significantly after six-week of Aqua Pilates (p> 0.05), all other variables did. There was an increasing trend in 6MWT and Schober flexion (p= 0.021) and a decreasing trend in BASDAI (p= 0.002), VAS (p= 0.0001) and fatigue (p= 0.002). Except for QOL (p= 0.016), no statistically significant differences were found between the groups. CONCLUSION All variables had a significant change after six-week Aqua Stretch, except for the chest expanding. Chest expanding and Schober extension were the variables which had no significant change after six-week Aqua Pilates. With the exception of QOL, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups. Aqua Stretch had the greatest effect on the VAS, as measured by the minimum clinically relevant differences (MCID). Moreover, in Aqua Stretch alone, there was a notable impact on fatigue, QOL, and the BASDAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Soufivand
- Rheumatology Department, Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Gandomi
- Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises Department, Sport Sciences Faculty, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shirin Assar
- Rheumatology Department, Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Homayoun Abbasi
- Sports Management Department, Sport Sciences Faculty, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehran Salimi
- Health and Sport Medicine Department, Sport Sciences Faculty, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Ezati
- Rheumatology Department, Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehran Pournazari
- Rheumatology Department, Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Soodeh Shahsavari
- Health Information Technology Department, Faculty of Allied Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Kull P, Keilani M, Remer F, Crevenna R. Efficacy of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy on pain and physical function in patients with non-specific low back pain: a systematic review. Wien Med Wochenschr 2023:10.1007/s10354-023-01025-5. [PMID: 37999784 DOI: 10.1007/s10354-023-01025-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-specific low back pain is a common and clinically significant condition with substantial socioeconomic implications. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy has shown benefits in pain reduction and improvement of physical function in patients with pain-associated disorders like osteoarthritis. However, studies had heterogeneous settings. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of PEMF on pain and function on patients with non-specific low back pain. METHODS A systematic literature search of randomized controlled trials in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and PEDro was performed (from inception until 15/5/2023). Outcome measures assessed pain and function. RESULTS Nine randomized controlled trials with 420 participants (n = 420) were included. The studies compared PEMF vs. placebo-PEMF, PEMF and conventional physical therapy vs. conventional physical therapy alone, PEMF and conventional physical therapy vs. placebo-PEMF and conventional physical therapy, PEMF vs. high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) vs. conventional physical therapy, and osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) and PEMF vs. PEMF alone vs. placebo-PEMF vs. OMT alone. Five of the nine included studies showed statistically significant pain reduction and improvement in physical function in comparison to their control groups (p < 0.05). There was substantial heterogeneity among the groups of the study, with a wide range of duration (10-30 min), treatments per week (2-7/week), applied frequencies (3-50 Hz), and intensities (2mT-150mT). No serious adverse event had been reported in any study. The included studies showed solid methodological quality, with an overall score of 7.2 points according to the PEDro scale. CONCLUSION PEMF therapy seems to be a safe and beneficial treatment option for non-specific low back pain, particularly if used as an addition to conventional physical therapy modalities. Future research should focus on standardized settings including assessment methods, treatment regimens, frequencies, and intensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Kull
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Keilani
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Remer
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Crevenna
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Ong MTY, Man GCW, Lau LCM, He X, Qiu J, Wang Q, Chow MCS, Choi BCY, Yu M, Yung PSH. Effect of pulsed electromagnetic field as an intervention for patients with quadriceps weakness after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a double-blinded, randomized-controlled trial. Trials 2022; 23:771. [PMID: 36096886 PMCID: PMC9465849 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06674-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ultimate goal of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions (ACLR) is to fulfil the return-to-play (RTP) criteria. Quadriceps muscle strength is one of the key determinants for a patient’s successful return-to-play after ACLR. Quadriceps muscle atrophy can persist beyond the completion of the rehabilitation program in almost half the patients and the reason behind this is still unknown. There are emerging evidences showing that pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) can modulate mitochondrial activities for muscle gain. PEMF exposure on top of regular exercise training may promote muscle regeneration and tissue healing. Methods This is a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial to investigate the effects of PEMF treatment during the postoperative period on quadriceps muscle strength in ACL injured patient. Adult patients (aged 18–30) with a unilateral ACL injury, total quadriceps muscle volume is equal or more than 7% deficit on involved leg compared with uninvolved leg, sporting injury with a Tegner score of 7+, and both knees without a history of injury/prior surgery will be recruited. To estimate the improvement of patients, isokinetic muscle assessment, ultrasound imaging and MRI for quadriceps muscle thickness, self-reported outcomes with questionnaires, KT-1000 for knee laxity and biomechanical analysis, and Xtreme CT for bone mineral density will be performed. To investigate the mechanism of PEMF therapy on increasing quadriceps strength, samples of blood serum will be drawn before and after intervention. Discussion This is the first trial evaluating the effects of PEMF on quadriceps muscle recovery after ACLR. The proposed study addresses a huge research gap by evaluating practical use of PEMF as part of rehabilitation. The proposed study will provide much needed scientific support in the use of this noninvasive treatment modality to facilitate recovery of quadriceps strength after PEMF. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05184023. Registered on 5 January 2022 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-022-06674-2.
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Sun X, Huang L, Wang L, Fu C, Zhang Q, Cheng H, Pei G, Wang Y, He C, Wei Q. Efficacy of pulsed electromagnetic field on pain and physical function in patients with low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil 2022; 36:636-649. [PMID: 35077249 DOI: 10.1177/02692155221074052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective To assess the effectiveness of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on pain and physical function in patients with low back pain. Data sources A search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science was conducted up to December 2021. Methods We included randomized controlled trials that investigated the effectiveness of PEMF in patients with low back pain. The primary outcome was pain intensity and the secondary outcome was physical function, both were evaluated by assessment scales. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for the summary statistics analysis. The registration number of this systematic review in PROSPERO is CRD42020213829. Results Fourteen trials involving 618 participants were included. The PEMF treatment showed more significant pain alleviation than placebo or other therapy alone in patients with low back pain (SMD = −1.01, 95% CI −1.42 to −0.6, P < 0.001, I2 = 31%; SMD = −0.36, 95% CI −0.62 to −0.11, P = 0.005, I2 = 37%, respectively.) In addition, a significant difference in pain alleviation was observed in patients with chronic low back pain (SMD = −0.6, 95%CI − 0.94 to −0.25, p < 0.001, I2 = 67%), whereas no significant difference was observed in patients with acute low back pain (SMD = −0.46, 95%CI − 0.99 to 0.07, p = 0.09, I2 = 0%). PEMF did not improve physical function compared with the control treatment (SMD = −0.45, 95% CI − 0.98 to 0.07, p = 0.09, I2 = 86%). Conclusion PEMF is beneficial for alleviating pain in patients with chronic low back pain despite having no advantage in improving physical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- Rehabilitation Medical Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Liyi Huang
- Rehabilitation Medical Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Lu Wang
- Rehabilitation Medical Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Chenying Fu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
- Aging and Geriatric mechanism laboratory, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Rehabilitation Medical Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hongxin Cheng
- Rehabilitation Medical Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Gaiqin Pei
- Rehabilitation Medical Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- Rehabilitation Medical Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Chengqi He
- Rehabilitation Medical Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Quan Wei
- Rehabilitation Medical Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, PR China
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Abdelbasset WK, Nambi G, Elsayed SH, Soliman GS, Alessi AA, Alsalem IN, Alwadai SM. A Prospective Comparative Study of Pulsed High-Intensity Laser Therapy and Pulsed Electromagnetic Field on Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2021; 39:362-368. [PMID: 33685237 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2020.4975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study explored the different effects of pulsed high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) versus pulsed electromagnetic field (EMF) in the treatment of chronic nonspecific low back pain (ChNsLBP). Methods: Between August and December 2019, 51 ChNsLBP participants with a mean age of 35.2 ± 8.6 years were enrolled in this prospective comparative study. At random, they were divided into three groups, 17 in each; HILT, EMF, and controls. HILT group was recruited for Nd:YAG laser using the following parameters: a wavelength of 1064 nm, fluency of 610-810 mJ, frequency of 10-40 Hz, average power of 10.5 W, and 120 μs short pulse duration in scanning mode. All groups received the treatment twice a week for 8 consecutive weeks. They were assessed for the modified Oswestry disability index (MODI), pain disability index (PDI), visual analog scale (VAS), and lumbar flexion range of motion (flex ROM) before and after 8 weeks of study program. Results: The results showed greater improvement in the HILT group (VAS, PDI, MODI, and lumbar flex ROM, p = 0.001) than the EMF group (VAS, p = 0.002, PDI, p = 0.045, MODI, p = 0.002, and lumbar flex ROM, p = 0.042), with significant difference between the two groups in favor of the HILT group (p ˂ 0.05). Conclusions: Depending on the results of the study, both HILT and EMF are useful physiotherapy modalities in the treatment of ChNsLBP with HILT exhibiting better outcomes than EMF. Clinical recommendations should be highlighted to instigate the use of HILT in the management of musculoskeletal disorders, distinctively ChNsLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gopal Nambi
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shereen H Elsayed
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber S Soliman
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Skaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Alessi
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim N Alsalem
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M Alwadai
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
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