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Cárdenas-León CG, Mäemets-Allas K, Klaas M, Lagus H, Kankuri E, Jaks V. Matricellular proteins in cutaneous wound healing. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1073320. [PMID: 36506087 PMCID: PMC9730256 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1073320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is a complex process that encompasses alterations in all aspects of the skin including the extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM consist of large structural proteins such as collagens and elastin as well as smaller proteins with mainly regulative properties called matricellular proteins. Matricellular proteins bind to structural proteins and their functions include but are not limited to interaction with cell surface receptors, cytokines, or protease and evoking a cellular response. The signaling initiated by matricellular proteins modulates differentiation and proliferation of cells having an impact on the tissue regeneration. In this review we give an overview of the matricellular proteins that have been found to be involved in cutaneous wound healing and summarize the information known to date about their functions in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristina Mäemets-Allas
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mariliis Klaas
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Heli Lagus
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Wound Healing Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Viljar Jaks
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia,Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Clinics, Tartu, Estonia,*Correspondence: Viljar Jaks,
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2
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Zhang J, Elango J, Wang S, Hou C, Miao M, Li J, Na L, Wu W. Characterization of Immunogenicity Associated with the Biocompatibility of Type I Collagen from Tilapia Fish Skin. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112300. [PMID: 35683972 PMCID: PMC9182742 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen from fish has been proven to have a low antigenicity that has no difference in the genetic codes compared with mammalian-based collagen. This study was designed to investigate the impact of tilapia skin collagen on immunogenicity and biocompatibility in vivo and in vitro. The structural characteristics of both acid-soluble and pepsin-soluble collagen (ASC and PSC), determined using SDS-PAGE and atomic force microscopy imaging experiments, revealed that the collagen had the basic characteristics of type I collagen (COL-I). The in vitro biocompatibility of the collagens showed good cell proliferation against human foreskin fibroblast (HFF-1) cells. PSC and ASC were considered to be almost non-hemolytic biomaterials with favorable blood compatibility in hemolysis tests. The in vivo antigenicity of the collagen in an ICR mouse model evoked an acceptable specific inflammatory response compared to bovine collagen. The implant’s position had developed a complete granulation tissue and the sponge disappeared after 8 weeks. The level of cytokines produced by the COL-I immune response was much lower than bovine collagen, which indicated the appropriate implantable property and biodegradability of the collagens. In conclusion, the tilapia COL-I has a lower immunogenicity with better compatibility than bovine COL-I and is a potential alternative to conventional mammalian collagens in biomedical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhang
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China;
| | - Jeevithan Elango
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China or (J.E.); (C.H.)
- Department of Biomaterials Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences, UCAM-Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Shujun Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China;
| | - Chunyu Hou
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China or (J.E.); (C.H.)
| | - Meng Miao
- College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China; (M.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Jia Li
- College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China; (M.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Lixin Na
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China;
- Correspondence: (L.N.); (W.W.)
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China or (J.E.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: (L.N.); (W.W.)
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3
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Yu D, Bu M, Yu P, Li Y, Chong Y. Regulation of wound healing and fibrosis by galectins. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:861-874. [PMID: 35589840 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02207-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Galectins are a family of proteins with at least one carbohydrate-recognition domain. Galectins are present in various tissues and organs and participate in different physiological and pathological molecular reactions in vivo. Wound healing is the basic process of traumatic disease recovery. Wound healing involves three overlapping stages: inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. Furthermore, a comparison of wound healing with the tumour microenvironment revealed that galectin plays a key role in the wound healing process. The current review describes the role of galectin in inflammation, angiogenesis, re-epithelialisation, and fibrous scar formation and evaluates its potential as a therapeutic drug for wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Bu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaping Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Chong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu, China.
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4
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Corrêa MP, Correia-Silva RD, Sasso GRS, D'Ávila SCGP, Greco KV, Oliani SM, Gil CD. Expression Pattern and Immunoregulatory Roles of Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 in Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis. Inflammation 2022; 45:1133-1145. [PMID: 35031944 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01608-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis (Ps) overlaps, particularly the activation of the immune response and tissue damage. Here, we evaluated galectin (Gal)-1 and Gal-3 levels, which are beta-galactoside-binding proteins with immunomodulatory functions and examined their effects on human keratinocytes stimulated with either interleukin (IL)-4 or IL-17A. Skin biopsies from AD, Ps, and control patients were evaluated using histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Six studies containing publicly available transcriptome data were individually analyzed using the GEO2R tool to detect Gal-1 and Gal-3 mRNA levels. In vitro, IL-4- or IL-17A-stimulated keratinocytes were treated with or without Gal-1 or Gal-3 to evaluate cytokine release and migration. Our findings showed different patterns of expression for Gal-1 and Gal-3 in AD and Ps skins. Densitometric analysis in skin samples showed a marked increase in the protein Gal-1 levels in Ps epidermis and in both AD and Ps dermis compared to controls. Protein and mRNA Gal-3 levels were downregulated in AD and Ps lesional skin compared with the control samples. In vitro, both galectins addition abrogated the release of IL-8 and RANTES in IL-17-stimulated keratinocytes after 24 h, whereas IL-6 release was downregulated by Gal-3 and Gal-1 in IL-4- and IL-17-stimulated cells, respectively. Administration of both galectins also increased the rate of keratinocyte migration under IL-4 or IL-17 stimulation conditions compared with untreated cells. Altogether, the immunoregulatory and migration effects of Gal-1 and Gal-3 on keratinocytes under inflammatory microenvironment make them interesting targets for future therapies in cutaneous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mab P Corrêa
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências Letras E Ciências Exatas, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biociências, São José Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rebeca D Correia-Silva
- Departamento de Morfologia E Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Lemos Torres - 3º andar, São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Gisela R Silva Sasso
- Departamento de Morfologia E Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Lemos Torres - 3º andar, São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Solange C G P D'Ávila
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José Do Rio Preto (FAMERP), Departamento de Patologia E Medicina Forense, São José Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Karin V Greco
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, The Griffin Institute, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Sonia M Oliani
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências Letras E Ciências Exatas, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biociências, São José Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane D Gil
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências Letras E Ciências Exatas, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biociências, São José Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. .,Departamento de Morfologia E Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Rua Botucatu 740, Ed. Lemos Torres - 3º andar, São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil.
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Mora GF, Zubieta MR. Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 Expression in Lesional Skin of Patients With Systemic Sclerosis-Association With Disease Severity. J Clin Rheumatol 2021; 27:317-323. [PMID: 32501939 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000001367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-1 (Gal-1) and galectin-3 (Gal-3) are carbohydrate-binding proteins involved in normal processes, autoimmunity, and cancer. Increased serum Gal-3 levels in scleroderma were associated with active disease, vasculopathy, and mortality. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate Gal-1 and Gal-3 expression in the lesional skin of patients with scleroderma regarding disease severity and organ involvement. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients diagnosed as systemic sclerosis (SSc), after informed consent. Clinical and serological profiles were reviewed from medical records. Lesional skin biopsies were taken by losange incision from patients. Samples were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and compared with normal skin of a healthy patient. Parametric statistical analysis was done with Student t test and Pearson coefficient. Significance was established as p ≤ 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS Biopsies of 10 patients and a healthy control (9 female, 1 male) were analyzed. The mean age was 54.5 years (18-74 years). Four of 10 patients had diffuse, 4 had limited scleroderma, 1 had overlap syndrome, and 1 had sclerodermiform graft-versus-host disease. The mean fibroblasts count per field was 13.2 in scleroderma versus 7.2 in normal skin. The mean expression of Gal-1 in scleroderma fibroblasts was 13% (0%-56%) and 47.5% for Gal-3 (6.5%-95.5%); in normal skin, the mean expression was 91% (90%-95%) for Gal-1 and 97% (89%-100%) for Gal-3. A higher Gal-3 expression in scleroderma (within its lower expression compared with normal skin) was associated with pulmonary artery hypertension (p = 0.004) and to a higher modified Rodnan's skin score (p = 0.0003). In a similar manner, anti-centromere antibodies were associated with a higher Gal-1 expression in SSc skin fibroblasts (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Gal-1 and Gal-3 had a lower expression in scleroderma lesional skin compared with a normal control. We found a significant correlation between a higher Gal-3 expression (within the lower ones compared with normal skin) in fibroblasts from SSc patients and severe disease (pulmonary hypertension and a higher modified Rodnan's skin score) compared with patients with lower expression of this protein. Similarly, the presence of anti-centromere antibodies was associated with a higher expression of Gal-1 within this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Fernanda Mora
- From the Immunology Unit, Hospital Militar Central Cirujano Mayor Dr Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires
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6
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Gál P, Vasilenko T, Kováč I, Čoma M, Jakubčo J, Jakubčová M, Peržeľová V, Urban L, Kolář M, Sabol F, Luczy J, Novotný M, Majerník J, Gabius HJ, Smetana KJ. Human galectin‑3: Molecular switch of gene expression in dermal fibroblasts in vitro and of skin collagen organization in open wounds and tensile strength in incisions in vivo. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:99. [PMID: 33300056 PMCID: PMC7723164 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular and cellular processes in skin wound healing can pave the way for devising innovative concepts by turning the identified natural effectors into therapeutic tools. Based on the concept of broad-scale engagement of members of the family of galactoside-binding lectins (galectins) in pathophysiological processes, such as cancer or tissue repair/regeneration, the present study investigated the potential of galectins-1 (Gal-1) and −3 (Gal-3) in wound healing. Human dermal fibroblasts, which are key cells involved in skin wound healing, responded to galectin exposure (Gal-1 at 300 or Gal-3 at 600 ng/ml) with selective changes in gene expression among a panel of 84 wound-healing-related genes, as well as remodeling of the extracellular matrix. In the case of Gal-3, positive expression of Ki67 and cell number increased when using a decellularized matrix produced by Gal-3-treated fibroblasts as substrate for culture of interfollicular keratinocytes. In vivo wounds were topically treated with 20 μg/ml Gal-1 or −3, and collagen score was found to be elevated in excisional wound repair in rats treated with Gal-3. The tensile strength measured in incisions was significantly increased from 79.5±17.5 g/mm2 in controls to 103.1±21.4 g/mm2 after 21 days of healing. These data warrant further testing mixtures of galectins and other types of compounds, for example a combination of galectins and TGF-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Gál
- Department of Biomedical Research, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Tomáš Vasilenko
- Department of Biomedical Research, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ivan Kováč
- Department of Biomedical Research, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Matúš Čoma
- Department of Biomedical Research, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Jakubčo
- Department of Biomedical Research, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Martina Jakubčová
- Department of Biomedical Research, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Vlasta Peržeľová
- Department of Biomedical Research, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Lukáš Urban
- Department of Biomedical Research, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Kolář
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of The Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - František Sabol
- Department of Heart Surgery, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Luczy
- Department of Heart Surgery, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Novotný
- Department of Biomedical Research, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaroslav Majerník
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig‑Maximilian‑University, D‑80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Karel Jr Smetana
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague
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7
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Sukmawati D, Eryani A, Damayanti L. Silver Sulfadiazine's Effect on Keratin-19 Expression as Stem Cell Marker in Burn Wound Healing. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2020; 10:5-11. [PMID: 33854915 PMCID: PMC7608848 DOI: 10.37796/2211-8039.1014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burn wounds are one of the causes of cutaneous injury that involve both epidermal and dermal layers of skin. Silver sulfadiazine (SSD) has been widely used to treat burn wounds, however recent studies have found the treatment to have some drawbacks, such as cellular toxicity effects. Cutaneous wound regeneration is known to start from the basal layer of the epidermal epithelial cells, which are enriched with highly proliferative cells. Keratin-19 (K19) is one of the epidermal stem cell biomarkers found in the skin. This study aims to explore the expression of K19 in burn wound tissue and to investigate the effect of SSD on its expression. METHODS We created a burn wound model in Sprague Dawley rats and randomly divided them into control and SSD groups. Wound closure was evaluated (visitrak) overtime series followed by histological evaluation of K19 expression in the wound tissue (immunohistochemistry staining). RESULTS Our model successfully represents full-thickness damage caused by a burn wound. The SSD group showed a faster reduction of wound surface area (wound closure) compared to the control group with the peak at day 18 post wounding (p < 0.05). K19 expression was found in both groups and was distributed on epidermal layers, hair follicles and dermis of granulation tissue showing similar patterns. CONCLUSION Topical application of SSD on burn wounds showed superiority in wound closure and is likely to have no harmful effect on epidermal stem cells. However, further study is required to investigate the effect of silver species on cell viability and toxicity effects during long term treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewi Sukmawati
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jln. Salemba Raya No. 6 Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Astheria Eryani
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine Tarumanagara University, Jln. Letjen S. Parman No.1, Tomang, Grogol Petamburan, Jakarta, 11440, Indonesia
| | - Lia Damayanti
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jln. Salemba Raya No. 6 Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Pashos NC, Graham DM, Burkett BJ, O'Donnell B, Sabol RA, Helm J, Martin EC, Bowles AC, Heim WM, Caronna VC, Miller KS, Grasperge B, Sullivan S, Chaffin AE, Bunnell BA. Acellular Biologic Nipple-Areolar Complex Graft: In Vivo Murine and Nonhuman Primate Host Response Evaluation. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:872-885. [PMID: 31950890 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There are more than 3 million breast cancer survivors living in the United States of which a significant number have undergone mastectomy followed by breast and nipple-areolar complex (NAC) reconstruction. Current strategies for NAC reconstruction are dependent on nonliving or nonpermanent techniques, including tattooing, nipple prosthetics, or surgical nipple-like structures. Described herein is a tissue engineering approach demonstrating the feasibility of an allogeneic acellular graft for nipple reconstruction. Nonhuman primate (NHP)-derived NAC tissues were decellularized and their extracellular matrix components analyzed by both proteomic and histological analyses. Decellularized NHP nipple tissue showed the removal of intact cells and greatly diminished profiles for intracellular proteins, as compared with intact NHP nipple tissue. We further evaluated the biocompatibility of decellularized grafts and their potential to support host-mediated neovascularization against commercially available acellular dermal grafts by performing in vivo studies in a murine model. A follow-up NHP pilot study evaluated the host-mediated neovascularization and re-epithelialization of onlay engrafted decellularized NAC grafts. The murine model revealed greater neovascularization in the decellularized NAC than in the commercially available control grafts, with no observed biocompatibility issues. The in vivo NHP model confirmed that the decellularized NAC grafts encourage neovascularization as well as re-epithelialization. These results support the concept that a biologically derived acellular nipple graft is a feasible approach for nipple reconstruction, supporting neovascularization in the absence of adverse systemic responses. Impact statement Currently, women in the United States most often undergo a mastectomy, followed by reconstruction, after being diagnosed with breast cancer. These breast cancer survivors are often left with nipple-areolar complex (NAC) reconstructions that are subsatisfactory, nonliving, and/or nonpermanent. Utilizing an acellular biologically derived whole NAC graft would allow these patients a living and permanent tissue engineering solution to nipple reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Pashos
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Bioinnovation PhD Program, Tulane University, School of Science and Engineering, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,BioAesthetics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.,Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - David M Graham
- BioAesthetics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brian J Burkett
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ben O'Donnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Bioinnovation PhD Program, Tulane University, School of Science and Engineering, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Rachel A Sabol
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Joshua Helm
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Martin
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Annie C Bowles
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - William M Heim
- BioAesthetics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Vince C Caronna
- BioAesthetics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kristin S Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, School of Science and Engineering, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Brooke Grasperge
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Scott Sullivan
- Center for Restorative Breast Surgery, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Abigail E Chaffin
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Bruce A Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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9
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Pasmatzi E, Monastirli A, Badavanis G, Tsambaos D. Galectin 1 in dermatology: current knowledge and perspectives. ACTA DERMATOVENEROLOGICA ALPINA PANNONICA ET ADRIATICA 2019. [DOI: 10.15570/actaapa.2019.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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Wu NL, Liu FT. The expression and function of galectins in skin physiology and pathology. Exp Dermatol 2019; 27:217-226. [PMID: 29427464 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The galectin family comprises β-galactoside-binding proteins widely expressed in many organisms. There are at least 16 family members, which can be classified into three groups based on their carbohydrate-recognition domains. Pleiotropic functions of different galectins in physiological and pathological processes through extracellular or intracellular actions have been revealed. In the skin, galectins are expressed in a variety of cells, including keratinocytes, melanocytes, fibroblasts, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, macrophages and endothelial cells. Expression of specific galectins is reported to affect cell status, such as activation or death, and regulate the interaction between different cell types or between cells and the extracellular matrix. In vitro cellular studies, in vivo animal studies and studies of human clinical material have revealed the pathophysiologic roles of galectins in the skin. The pathogenesis of diverse non-malignant skin disorders, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, contact dermatitis and wound healing, as well as skin cancers, such as melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma and cutaneous haematologic malignancy can be regulated by different galectins. Revelation of biological roles of galectins in skin may pave the way to future development of galectin-based therapeutic strategies for skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Lin Wu
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Tong Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
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11
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Ramanathan G, Thyagarajan S, Sivagnanam UT. Accelerated wound healing and its promoting effects of biomimetic collagen matrices with siderophore loaded gelatin microspheres in tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 93:455-464. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Dion J, Advedissian T, Storozhylova N, Dahbi S, Lambert A, Deshayes F, Viguier M, Tellier C, Poirier F, Téletchéa S, Dussouy C, Tateno H, Hirabayashi J, Grandjean C. Development of a Sensitive Microarray Platform for the Ranking of Galectin Inhibitors: Identification of a Selective Galectin-3 Inhibitor. Chembiochem 2017; 18:2428-2440. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Dion
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Tamara Advedissian
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 Sorbonne Paris Cité; Institut Jacques Monod; UMR CNRS 7592; 15 rue Hélène Brion 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Nataliya Storozhylova
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Samir Dahbi
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Annie Lambert
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Frédérique Deshayes
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 Sorbonne Paris Cité; Institut Jacques Monod; UMR CNRS 7592; 15 rue Hélène Brion 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Mireille Viguier
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 Sorbonne Paris Cité; Institut Jacques Monod; UMR CNRS 7592; 15 rue Hélène Brion 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Charles Tellier
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Françoise Poirier
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 Sorbonne Paris Cité; Institut Jacques Monod; UMR CNRS 7592; 15 rue Hélène Brion 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Stéphane Téletchéa
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Christophe Dussouy
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Hiroaki Tateno
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery; Cellular Glycome-Targeted Technology Group; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Central 2 1-1-1 Umezuno Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Jun Hirabayashi
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery; Cellular Glycome-Targeted Technology Group; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Central 2 1-1-1 Umezuno Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Cyrille Grandjean
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
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13
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How Signaling Molecules Regulate Tumor Microenvironment: Parallels to Wound Repair. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111818. [PMID: 29072623 PMCID: PMC6150347 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now suggested that the inhibition of biological programs that are associated with the tumor microenvironment may be critical to the diagnostics, prevention and treatment of cancer. On the other hand, a suitable wound microenvironment would accelerate tissue repair and prevent extensive scar formation. In the present review paper, we define key signaling molecules (growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and galectins) involved in the formation of the tumor microenvironment that decrease overall survival and increase drug resistance in cancer suffering patients. Additional attention will also be given to show whether targeted modulation of these regulators promote tissue regeneration and wound management. Whole-genome transcriptome profiling, in vitro and animal experiments revealed that interleukin 6, interleukin 8, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1, galectin-1, and selected proteins of the extracellular matrix (e.g., fibronectin) do have similar regulation during wound healing and tumor growth. Published data demonstrate remarkable similarities between the tumor and wound microenvironments. Therefore, tailor made manipulation of cancer stroma can have important therapeutic consequences. Moreover, better understanding of cancer cell-stroma interaction can help to improve wound healing by supporting granulation tissue formation and process of reepithelization of extensive and chronic wounds as well as prevention of hypertrophic scars and formation of keloids.
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Erwin, Etriwati, Gunanti, Handharyani E, Noviana D. Changes in histopathology and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 expression in skin graft with different time on Indonesian local cats. Vet World 2017; 10:662-666. [PMID: 28717319 PMCID: PMC5499084 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.662-666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: A good skin graft histopathology is followed by formation of hair follicle, sweat gland, sebaceous gland, blood vessel, lightly dense connective tissue, epidermis, and dermis layer. This research aimed to observe histopathology feature and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 expression on cat skin post skin grafting within a different period of time. Materials and Methods: Nine male Indonesian local cats aged 1-2 years old weighing 3-4 kg were separated into three groups. First surgery created defect wound of 2 cm × 2 cm in size to whole groups. The wounds were left alone for several days, differing in interval between each group, respectively: Group I (for 2 days), Group II (for 4 days), and Group III (for 6 days). The second surgery was done to each group which harvested skin of thoracic area and applied it on recipient wound bed. On day 24th post skin graft was an examination of histopathology and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 immunohistochemistry. Results: Group I donor skin’s epidermis layer had not formed completely whereas epidermis of donor skin of Groups II and III had completely formed. In all group hair follicle, sweat gland, sebaceous gland, and neovascularization were found. The density of connective tissue in Group I was very solid than other groups. Cytokeratin AE1/AE3 expression was found on donor skin’s epithelial cell in epidermis and dermis layer with very brown intensity for Group II, brown intensity for Group II, and lightly brown for Group I. Conclusion: Histopathological structure and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 expression post skin graft are better in Groups II and III compared to Group I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin
- Laboratory of Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Etriwati
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Gunanti
- Department of Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Ekowati Handharyani
- Department of Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Deni Noviana
- Department of Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
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15
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van der Hoeven NW, Hollander MR, Yıldırım C, Jansen MF, Teunissen PF, Horrevoets AJ, van der Pouw Kraan TCTM, van Royen N. The emerging role of galectins in cardiovascular disease. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 81:31-41. [PMID: 26945624 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are an ancient family of β-galactoside-specific lectins and consist of 15 different types, each with a specific function. They play a role in the immune system, inflammation, wound healing and carcinogenesis. In particular the role of galectin in cancer is widely studied. Lately, the role of galectins in the development of cardiovascular disease has gained attention. Worldwide cardiovascular disease is still the leading cause of death. In ischemic heart disease, atherosclerosis limits adequate blood flow. Angiogenesis and arteriogenesis are highly important mechanisms relieving ischemia by restoring perfusion to the post-stenotic myocardial area. Galectins act ambiguous, both relieving ischemia and accelerating atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis can ultimately lead to myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke, which are both associated with galectins. There is also a role for galectins in the development of myocarditis by their influence on inflammatory processes. Moreover, galectin acts as a biomarker for the severity of myocardial ischemia and heart failure. This review summarizes the association between galectins and the development of multiple cardiovascular diseases such as myocarditis, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Furthermore it focuses on the association between galectin and more general mechanisms such as angiogenesis, arteriogenesis and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maurits R Hollander
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cansu Yıldırım
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs F Jansen
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul F Teunissen
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anton J Horrevoets
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Niels van Royen
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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16
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Genetic Deletion of Galectin-3 Does Not Impair Full-Thickness Excisional Skin Healing. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:1042-1050. [PMID: 26829035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-3 has been linked to the regulation of several molecular processes essential during acute cutaneous wound healing, but a comprehensive study of the role of galectin-3 has yet to be performed. With known roles in macrophage polarization, myofibroblast differentiation, re-epithelialization, and angiogenesis, we hypothesized that genetic deletion of galectin-3 would significantly impair healing of excisional skin wounds in mice. In wild-type mice, galectin-3 expression correlated temporally with the inflammatory phase of healing. Conversely, genetic deletion of galectin-3 did not alter gross wound healing kinetics even though it resulted in delayed re-epithelialization. Wound composition was not altered up to 15 days after wounding in knockout mice, and isolated dermal fibroblast function in vitro was unchanged. We further explored, spatially, the expression of galectin-3 in human chronic wound tissue in relation to the immune cell infiltrate. We show a decreased mRNA and protein abundance in the wound edge tissue, whereas markers of neutrophils, M1 and M2 macrophages are expressed abundantly. Both transforming growth factor-β1 and tumor necrosis factor-α decrease galectin-3 mRNA abundance in chronic wound edge dermal fibroblasts in vitro, providing a potential mechanism for this decreased expression in chronic wounds.
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17
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Akimoto Y, Ikehara S, Yamaguchi T, Kim J, Kawakami H, Shimizu N, Hori M, Sakakita H, Ikehara Y. Galectin expression in healing wounded skin treated with low-temperature plasma: Comparison with treatment by electronical coagulation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 605:86-94. [PMID: 26827730 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Low-temperature plasma is useful for the care of wounded skin. It accelerates wound healing. However, the mechanism of this effect has not been fully elucidated yet. Galectin-1 is reported to accelerate wound healing via the Smad signaling pathway. In the present study to clarify whether or not galectins were expressed during the process of wound healing in the plasma-treated skin, we examined the effect of low-temperature plasma on galectin expression in the healing skin. We compared the effects of low-temperature plasma on the expression of galectin-1, -2, and -3 in the healing skin with those of electrocoagulation conducted with a high-frequency electrical coagulator. Immediately after the start of low-temperature plasma treatment following the incision made in the skin, a membrane-like structure was formed on the surface of the wound. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that these galectins were localized in the membrane-like structure of the plasma-treated skin. The expressions of these galectins were increased by the low-temperature plasma treatment, whereas they were inhibited by the electrocoagulation. These results suggest that galectins were involved in the wound healing of low-temperature plasma-treated skin. Galectins will thus be good markers for further examination of the effects of low-temperature plasma on the healing of wounded skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Akimoto
- Department of Anatomy, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, 181-8611, Japan.
| | - Sanae Ikehara
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, The National Institutes of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, The National Institutes of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Jaeho Kim
- Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, AIST, Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hayato Kawakami
- Department of Anatomy, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shimizu
- International University of Health and Welfare, Sanno Hospital, Akasaka, 107-0052, Japan
| | - Masaru Hori
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hajime Sakakita
- Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, AIST, Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Ikehara
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, The National Institutes of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 107-0052, Japan
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18
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Peržeľová V, Sabol F, Vasilenko T, Novotný M, Kováč I, Slezák M, Ďurkáč J, Hollý M, Pilátová M, Szabo P, Varinská L, Čriepoková Z, Kučera T, Kaltner H, André S, Gabius HJ, Mučaji P, Smetana K, Gál P. Pharmacological activation of estrogen receptors-α and -β differentially modulates keratinocyte differentiation with functional impact on wound healing. Int J Mol Med 2015; 37:21-8. [PMID: 26397183 PMCID: PMC4687436 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen deprivation is considered responsible for many age-related processes, including poor wound healing. Guided by previous observations that estradiol accelerates re‑epithelialization through estrogen receptor (ER)‑β, in the present study, we examined whether selective ER agonists [4,4',4''-(4-propyl [1H] pyrazole-1,3,5-triyl)‑trisphenol (PPT), ER‑α agonist; 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile (DPN), ER‑β agonist] affect the expression of basic proliferation and differentiation markers (Ki‑67, keratin‑10, ‑14 and ‑19, galectin‑1 and Sox‑2) of keratinocytes using HaCaT cells. In parallel, ovariectomized rats were treated daily with an ER modulator, and wound tissue was removed 21 days after wounding and routinely processed for basic histological analysis. Our results revealed that the HaCaT keratinocytes expressed both ER‑α and ‑β, and thus are well-suited for studying the effects of ER agonists on epidermal regeneration. The activation of ER‑α produced a protein expression pattern similar to that observed in the control culture, with a moderate expression of Ki‑67 being observed. However, the activation of ER‑β led to an increase in cell proliferation and keratin‑19 expression, as well as a decrease in galectin‑1 expression. Fittingly, in rat wounds treated with the ER‑β agonist (DPN), epidermal regeneration was accelerated. In the present study, we provide information on the mechanisms through which estrogens affect the expression patterns of selected markers, thus modulating keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation; in addition, we demonstrate that the pharmacological activation of ER-α and -β has a direct impact on wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlasta Peržeľová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - František Sabol
- Department of Heart Surgery, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Tomáš Vasilenko
- Department of Surgery, Košice‑Šaca Hospital and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Novotný
- Department for Biomedical Research, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ivan Kováč
- Department for Biomedical Research, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Slezák
- Department for Biomedical Research, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Ďurkáč
- Department for Biomedical Research, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Hollý
- Department for Biomedical Research, East‑Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Martina Pilátová
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Pavol Szabo
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Varinská
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Zuzana Čriepoková
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Tomáš Kučera
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Herbert Kaltner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig‑Maximilians‑University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine André
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig‑Maximilians‑University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig‑Maximilians‑University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Pavel Mučaji
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Karel Smetana
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Gál
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
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19
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Smorodinova N, Kaltner H, Jirsová K, Hrdličková-Cela E, André S, Kučera T, Smetana K, Gabius HJ. Regulatory Impact of Amniotic Membrane Transplantation on Presence of Adhesion/Growth-Regulatory Galectins-1 and -7 in Corneal Explants from Acanthamoeba Keratitis Patients: Clinical Note. Curr Eye Res 2015; 41:740-6. [PMID: 26338079 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2015.1061022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the impact of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) and amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) in corneal explants on presence of two multifunctional endogenous lectins, i.e. galectins-1 and -7. METHODS Ten corneal explants from AK patients (five with previous AMT and five controls without this treatment) and seven specimens of disease-free control cornea were processed by indirect fluorescent immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Immunostaining for both galectins was obtained in the epithelium, stroma and the endothelial layer of all controls, with the strongest positivity in the epithelium. Significantly decreased intensity for galectin-1 was recorded in the epithelium of corneal explants from patients with AK and AMT. The signal for galectin-7 was significantly decreased in the epithelium of AK patients and normalized after AMT. CONCLUSIONS AMT has a marked impact on presence of the two galectins in opposite directions, encouraging complete profiling for this family of endogenous effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Smorodinova
- a First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Histology and Embryology, Charles University in Prague , Albertov , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Herbert Kaltner
- b Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Veterinärstrasse, Munich , Germany
| | - Katerina Jirsová
- c Laboratory of the Biology and Pathology of the Eye , Department of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Charles University in Prague , Ke Karlovu , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Enkela Hrdličková-Cela
- d Department of Ophthalmology , First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague , U Nemocnice , Prague .,e Lexum European Eye Clinic , Antala Staška, Prague , Czech Republic and
| | - Sabine André
- b Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Veterinärstrasse, Munich , Germany
| | - Tomáš Kučera
- a First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Histology and Embryology, Charles University in Prague , Albertov , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Karel Smetana
- f First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University in Prague , U Nemocnice , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- b Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Veterinärstrasse, Munich , Germany
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20
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Yıldırım C, Vogel DYS, Hollander MR, Baggen JM, Fontijn RD, Nieuwenhuis S, Haverkamp A, de Vries MR, Quax PHA, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, van der Laan AM, Dijkstra CD, van der Pouw Kraan TCTM, van Royen N, Horrevoets AJG. Galectin-2 induces a proinflammatory, anti-arteriogenic phenotype in monocytes and macrophages. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124347. [PMID: 25884209 PMCID: PMC4401781 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin-2 is a monocyte-expressed carbohydrate-binding lectin, for which increased expression is genetically determined and associated with decreased collateral arteriogenesis in obstructive coronary artery disease patients. The inhibiting effect of galectin-2 on arteriogenesis was confirmed in vivo, but the mechanism is largely unknown. In this study we aimed to explore the effects of galectin-2 on monocyte/macrophage phenotype in vitro and vivo, and to identify the receptor by which galectin-2 exerts these effects. We now show that the binding of galectin-2 to different circulating human monocyte subsets is dependent on monocyte surface expression levels of CD14. The high affinity binding is blocked by an anti-CD14 antibody but not by carbohydrates, indicating a specific protein-protein interaction. Galectin-2 binding to human monocytes modulated their transcriptome by inducing proinflammatory cytokines and inhibiting pro-arteriogenic factors, while attenuating monocyte migration. Using specific knock-out mice, we show that galectin-2 acts through the CD14/toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 pathway. Furthermore, galectin-2 skews human macrophages to a M1-like proinflammatory phenotype, characterized by a reduced motility and expression of an anti-arteriogenic cytokine/growth factor repertoire. This is accompanied by a switch in surface protein expression to CD40-high and CD206-low (M1). In a murine model we show that galectin-2 administration, known to attenuate arteriogenesis, leads to increased numbers of CD40-positive (M1) and reduced numbers of CD206-positive (M2) macrophages surrounding actively remodeling collateral arteries. In conclusion galectin-2 is the first endogenous CD14/TLR4 ligand that induces a proinflammatory, non-arteriogenic phenotype in monocytes/macrophages. Interference with CD14-Galectin-2 interaction may provide a new intervention strategy to stimulate growth of collateral arteries in genetically compromised cardiovascular patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Yıldırım
- Dept of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daphne Y. S. Vogel
- Dept of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Josefien M. Baggen
- Dept of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ruud D. Fontijn
- Dept of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Nieuwenhuis
- Dept of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anouk Haverkamp
- Dept of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Margreet R. de Vries
- Dept of Vascular Surgery, Einthoven Laboratories, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Paul H. A. Quax
- Dept of Vascular Surgery, Einthoven Laboratories, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Juan J. Garcia-Vallejo
- Dept of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anja M. van der Laan
- Dept of Cardiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christine D. Dijkstra
- Dept of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Niels van Royen
- Dept of Cardiology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anton J. G. Horrevoets
- Dept of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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21
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Cancer-associated fibroblasts are not formed from cancer cells by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in nu/nu mice. Histochem Cell Biol 2014; 143:463-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-014-1293-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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22
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Pugliese G, Iacobini C, Pesce CM, Menini S. Galectin-3: an emerging all-out player in metabolic disorders and their complications. Glycobiology 2014; 25:136-50. [PMID: 25303959 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 has been increasingly recognized as an important modulator of several biological functions, by interacting with several molecules inside and outside the cell, and an emerging player in numerous disease conditions. Galectin-3 exerts various and sometimes contrasting effects according to its location, type of injury or site of damage. Strong evidence indicates that galectin-3 participates in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications via its receptor function for advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and advanced lipoxidation end-products (ALEs). AGEs/ALEs are produced to an increased extent in target organs of complications, such as kidney and vessels; here, lack of galectin-3 impairs their removal, leading to accelerated damage. In contrast, in the liver, AGE/ALE tissue content and injury are decreased, because lack of galectin-3 results in reduced uptake and tissue accumulation of these by-products. Some of these effects can be explained by changes in the expression of receptor for AGEs (RAGE), associated with galectin-3 deletion and consequent changes in AGE/ALE tissue levels. Furthermore, galectin-3 might exert AGE/ALE- and RAGE-independent effects, favoring resolution of inflammation and modulating fibrogenesis and ectopic osteogenesis. These effects are mediated by intracellular and extracellular galectin-3, the latter via interaction with N-glycans at the cell surface to form lattice structures. Recently, galectin-3 has been implicated in the development of metabolic disorders because it favors glucose homeostasis and prevents the deleterious activation of adaptive and innate immune response to obesogenic/diabetogenic stimuli. In conclusion, galectin-3 is an emerging all-out player in metabolic disorders and their complications that deserves further investigation as the potential target of therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Pugliese
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "La Sapienza" University, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, Rome 00189, Italy
| | - Carla Iacobini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "La Sapienza" University, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, Rome 00189, Italy
| | - Carlo M Pesce
- DINOGMI, University of Genoa Medical School, Genoa 16132, Italy
| | - Stefano Menini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "La Sapienza" University, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, Rome 00189, Italy
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23
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Kováč I, Ďurkáč J, Hollý M, Jakubčová K, Peržeľová V, Mučaji P, Švajdlenka E, Sabol F, Legáth J, Belák J, Smetana K, Gál P. Plantago lanceolata L. water extract induces transition of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and increases tensile strength of healing skin wounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 67:117-25. [PMID: 25244603 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although the exact underlying mechanisms are still unknown, Plantago lanceolata L. (PL) water extracts are frequently used to stimulate wound healing and to drain abscesses. Therefore, in this experimental study the effect of PL water extract on skin wound healing was studied in Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS Two excisional and one incisional skin wounds were performed on the back of each rat. Wounds were treated for three consecutive days with two different concentrations of the aqueous extract of PL. Rats were sacrificed 7, 14, and 21 days after surgery. Samples of wounds were processed for macroscopic (excisions - wound contraction measurement), biomechanical (incisions - wound tensile strength (TS) measurement) and histological examination (excisions). KEY FINDINGS It was shown that open wounds treated with PL extract contained myofibroblasts and demonstrated significantly higher contraction rates. Furthermore, significantly increased wound TSs were recorded in treated rats as a consequence of increased organization of extracellular matrix proteins, such as the collagen type 1. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that PL aqueous extract improves skin wound healing in rats. However, further research need to be performed to find optimal therapeutic concentration, and exact underlying mechanism prior obtained results may be introduced into the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kováč
- Department for Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic; 2nd Department of Surgery, Louise Pasteur University Hospital and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
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24
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Lin YT, Chen JS, Wu MH, Hsieh IS, Liang CH, Hsu CL, Hong TM, Chen YL. Galectin-1 accelerates wound healing by regulating the neuropilin-1/Smad3/NOX4 pathway and ROS production in myofibroblasts. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 135:258-268. [PMID: 25007042 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Myofibroblasts have a key role in wound healing by secreting growth factors and chemoattractants to create new substrates and proteins in the extracellular matrix. We have found that galectin-1, a β-galactose-binding lectin involved in many physiological functions, induces myofibroblast activation; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we reveal that galectin-1-null (Lgals1(-/-)) mice exhibited a delayed cutaneous wound healing response. Galectin-1 induced myofibroblast activation, migration, and proliferation by triggering intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. A ROS-producing protein, NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), was upregulated by galectin-1 through the neuropilin-1/Smad3 signaling pathway in myofibroblasts. Subcutaneous injection of galectin-1 into wound areas accelerated the healing of general and pathological (streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus) wounds and decreased the mortality of diabetic mice with skin wounds. These findings indicate that galectin-1 is a key regulator of wound repair that has therapeutic potential for pathological or imperfect wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Te Lin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Sian Chen
- Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Heng Wu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Shan Hsieh
- Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsien Liang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Lung Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Ming Hong
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yuh-Ling Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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25
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Chen R, Pan S, Ottenhof NA, de Wilde RF, Wolfgang CL, Lane Z, Post J, Bronner MP, Willmann JK, Maitra A, Brentnall TA. Stromal galectin-1 expression is associated with long-term survival in resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2012; 13:899-907. [PMID: 22785208 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.20842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The overall 5 year survival rate for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (i.e., PDAC) is a dismal 5%, although patients that have undergone surgical resection have a somewhat better survival rate of up to 20%. Very long-term survivors of PDAC (defined as patients with ≥ 10 year survival following apparently curative resection), on the other hand, are considerably less frequent. The molecular characteristics of very long-term survivors (VLTS) are poorly understood, but might provide novel insights into prognostication for this disease. In this study, a panel of five VLTS and stage-matched short-term survivors (STS, defined as disease-specific mortality within 14 months of resection) were identified, and quantitative proteomics was applied to comparatively profile tumor tissues from both cohorts. Differentially expressed proteins were identified in cancers from VLTS vs. STS patients. Specifically, the expression of galectin-1 was 2-fold lower in VLTS compared with STS tumors. Validation studies were performed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in two additional cohorts of resected PDAC, including: 1) an independent cohort of VLTS and 2) a panel of sporadic PDAC with a considerable range of overall survival following surgery. Immunolabeling analysis confirmed that significantly lower expression of stromal galectin-1 was associated with VLTS (p = 0.02) and also correlated with longer survival in sporadic, surgically-treated PDAC cases (hazard ratio = 4.9, p = 0.002). The results from this study provide new insights to better understand the role of galectin-1 in PDAC survival, and might be useful for rendering prognostic information, and developing more effective therapeutic strategies aimed at improving survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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26
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Shen K, Ji L, Gong C, Ma Y, Yang L, Fan Y, Hou M, Wang Z. Notoginsenoside Ft1 promotes angiogenesis via HIF-1α mediated VEGF secretion and the regulation of PI3K/AKT and Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathways. Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 84:784-92. [PMID: 22771629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Notoginsenoside Ft1 (Ft1) is a saponin isolated from Panax notoginseng, which has been used traditionally for the treatment of trauma injuries in East Asia. Here we show that Ft1 is a novel stimulator of angiogenesis. The results show that Ft1 induces proliferation, migration, and tube formation in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Ft1 increases translocalization of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) from cytoplasm to nuclei, where it binds to the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promoter, increasing the expression of VEGF mRNA and the subsequent secretion of the growth factor. Ft1 induces the activation of PI3K/AKT and Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathways. Pharmacological inhibition with LY294002, wortmanin or PD98059 reduces Ft1-induced angiogenesis, indicating the important role played by these pathways. In addition, Ft1 induces phosphorylation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and siRNA-mediated mTOR knockdown decreases tube formation, proliferation, transport of HIF-1α into nuclei and VEGF mRNA expression in response to Ft1. Finally, in vivo, Ft1 promotes the formation of blood vessels in Matrigel plug and wound healing in mice. Taken together, the present results reveal that Ft1 stimulates angiogenesis via HIF-1α-mediated VEGF expression, with PI3K/AKT and Raf/MEK/ERK signaling cascades concurrently participating in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Shen
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China
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27
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GÁL P, VASILENKO T, KOVÁČ I, KOSTELNÍKOVÁ M, JAKUBČO J, SZABO P, DVOŘÁNKOVÁ B, SABOL F, GABIUS HJ, SMETANA Jr. K. Atropa Belladonna L. Water Extract: Modulator of Extracellular Matrix Formation in Vitro and in Vivo. Physiol Res 2012; 61:241-50. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we found that treatment of cutaneous wounds with Atropa belladonna L. (AB) revealed shortened process of acute inflammation as well as increased tensile strength and collagen deposition in healing skin wounds (Gál et al. 2009). To better understand AB effect on skin wound healing male Sprague-Dawley rats were submitted to one round full thickness skin wound on the back. In two experimental groups two different concentrations of AB extract were daily applied whereas the control group remained untreated. For histological evaluation samples were removed on day 21 after surgery and stained for wide spectrum cytokeratin, collagen III, fibronectin, galectin-1, and vimentin. In addition, in the in vitro study different concentration of AB extract were used to evaluate differences in HaCaT keratinocytes proliferation and differentiation by detection of Ki67 and keratin-19 expressions. Furthermore, to assess ECM formation of human dermal fibroblasts on the in vitro level fibronectin and galectin-1 were visualized. Our study showed that AB induces fibronectin and galectin-1 rich ECM formation in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the proliferation of keratinocytes was also increased. In conclusion, AB is an effective modulator of skin wound healing. Nevertheless, further research is needed to find optimal therapeutic concentration and exact underlying mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. GÁL
- Department for Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic
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