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Burela S, He M, Trontzas IP, Gavrielatou N, Schalper KA, Langermann S, Flies DB, Rimm DL, Aung TN. BCAM (basal cell adhesion molecule) protein expression in different tumor populations. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:381. [PMID: 39207605 PMCID: PMC11362396 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01244-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Basal Cell Adhesion Molecule (BCAM), a receptor for laminin subunit α5, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various malignancies. Notably, evidence of hypermethylation at multiple immune checkpoints in patients with low BCAM expression suggests these individuals may respond favorably to immunotherapy using ICIs (immune checkpoint inhibitors). This finding lays the foundation for the hypothesis that BCAM may serve as an important biomarker in cancer patients. To investigate this potential, we evaluated BCAM expression patterns in 3114 patients from both discovery and validation cohorts, spanning seven cancer types, using quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF). We also explored the correlation between BCAM and PD-L1 expressions within these cohorts, aiming to establish its potential predictive value for immunotherapy response. Our findings indicate that BCAM was highly expressed in ovarian (79.2%) and lung (78.5%) tumors, with lower yet significant expression in breast (37.7%), head and neck (31.3%), and bladder-urothelial tumors (27.6%). Notably, high BCAM expression was associated with better OS in NSCLC. More importantly, BCAM expression did not correlate with PD-L1 protein expression in any of these tumors, highlighting its independent predictive potential. The widespread expression of BCAM across multiple tumor types, coupled with its lack of correlation with PD-L1 expression, highlights its potential as a predictive novel biomarker across various cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Burela
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Mengni He
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Ioannis P Trontzas
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Niki Gavrielatou
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Kurt A Schalper
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | | | | | - David L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
| | - Thazin N Aung
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
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Fujiwara R, Ten H, Chen H, Jiang CL, Oyama KI, Onoda K, Matsuno A. Cathepsin D Inhibits Angiogenesis in Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2022; 55:203-211. [PMID: 36688139 PMCID: PMC9840469 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.22-00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolactin and growth hormone can acquire anti-angiogenic properties after undergoing proteolytic cleavage by Cathepsin D and bone morphogenetic protein 1 (BMP-1) into fragments known as vasoinhibins. Little is known about the effect of vasoinhibins on angiogenesis through the involvement of key cleavage enzymes Cathepsin D and BMP-1 in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs, formerly pituitary adenomas). The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action of Cathepsin D and BMP-1 on angiogenesis in PitNETs compared with that of pro-angiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2). A total of 43 patients were enrolled in a retrospective analysis and 22 samples were suitable for RNA extraction, including 16 nonfunctional PitNETs and six somatotroph tumors. The mRNA and protein levels of Cathepsin D, BMP-1, VEGF, and FGF2 were compared with those of von Willebrand factor, which was assessed to determine the vascularization of PitNETs. Cathepsin D and FGF2 were significantly correlated with vascularization in PitNETs. Both Cathepsin D and FGF2 are highly involved in angiogenesis in PitNETs, although the effect of Cathepsin D as an anti-angiogenic factor is dominant over that of FGF2 as a pro-angiogenic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4–3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba 286–8686, Japan,Department of Neurosurgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita Hospital, 852 Hatakeda, Narita, Chiba 286–8520, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Ten
- Department of Judo Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Teikyo Heisei University, 2–51–4 Higashiikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 170–8445, Japan
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nan’gang District, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Chuan-lu Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nan’gang District, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Ken-ichi Oyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, 1–4–3, Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108–8329, Japan
| | - Keisuke Onoda
- Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4–3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba 286–8686, Japan,Department of Neurosurgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita Hospital, 852 Hatakeda, Narita, Chiba 286–8520, Japan
| | - Akira Matsuno
- Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4–3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba 286–8686, Japan,Department of Neurosurgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita Hospital, 852 Hatakeda, Narita, Chiba 286–8520, Japan
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Saksis R, Silamikelis I, Laksa P, Megnis K, Peculis R, Mandrika I, Rogoza O, Petrovska R, Balcere I, Konrade I, Steina L, Stukens J, Breiksa A, Nazarovs J, Sokolovska J, Pirags V, Klovins J, Rovite V. Medication for Acromegaly Reduces Expression of MUC16, MACC1 and GRHL2 in Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumour Tissue. Front Oncol 2021; 10:593760. [PMID: 33680922 PMCID: PMC7928352 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.593760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acromegaly is a disease mainly caused by pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) overproducing growth hormone. First-line medication for this condition is the use of somatostatin analogs (SSAs), that decrease tumor mass and induce antiproliferative effects on PitNET cells. Dopamine agonists (DAs) can also be used if SSA treatment is not effective. This study aimed to determine differences in transcriptome signatures induced by SSA/DA therapy in PitNET tissue. We selected tumor tissue from twelve patients with somatotropinomas, with half of the patients receiving SSA/DA treatment before surgery and the other half treatment naive. Transcriptome sequencing was then carried out to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their protein–protein interactions, using pathway analyses. We found 34 upregulated and six downregulated DEGs in patients with SSA/DA treatment. Three tumor development promoting factors MUC16, MACC1, and GRHL2, were significantly downregulated in therapy administered PitNET tissue; this finding was supported by functional studies in GH3 cells. Protein–protein interactions and pathway analyses revealed extracellular matrix involvement in the antiproliferative effects of this type of the drug treatment, with pronounced alterations in collagen regulation. Here, we have demonstrated that somatotropinomas can be distinguished based on their transcriptional profiles following SSA/DA therapy, and SSA/DA treatment does indeed cause changes in gene expression. Treatment with SSA/DA significantly downregulated several factors involved in tumorigenesis, including MUC16, MACC1, and GRHL2. Genes that were upregulated, however, did not have a direct influence on antiproliferative function in the PitNET cells. These findings suggested that SSA/DA treatment acted in a tumor suppressive manner and furthermore, collagen related interactions and pathways were enriched, implicating extracellular matrix involvement in this anti-tumor effect of drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihards Saksis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Pola Laksa
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Megnis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Raitis Peculis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ilona Mandrika
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Olesja Rogoza
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Inga Balcere
- Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.,Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ilze Konrade
- Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.,Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Liva Steina
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Stukens
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - Austra Breiksa
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | | | | | - Valdis Pirags
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.,University of Latvia Faculty of Medicine, Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Klovins
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Vita Rovite
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
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