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de Medeiros Cavalcante Meneghetti FM, Aragon DC, Calixto C, Ferreira CHF, Vieira EF, Gonçalves-Ferri WA. Personalized lung care: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia risk prediction tool tailored for neonates born in resource-limited settings. Pediatr Pulmonol 2024. [PMID: 38712796 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.27049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Predicting bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) to assess the risk-benefit of therapy is necessary considering the side effects of medications. We developed and validated an instrument for predicting BPD and compared it with an instrument currently used for neonates born in a Brazilian hospital. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of patients born between 2016 and 2020 with a gestational age (GA) between 23 and 30 weeks. Predictive equations were elaborated using methods of component variable selection collected on the 14th day of life; 70% of the sample was randomly selected for the construction of risk prediction equations and the remaining 30% for their validation, application, and comparison with the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) instrument. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the equations were calculated. RESULTS The equation that used variables with p < 5% in Fisher's exact test presented the best results: specificity of 98% and positive predictive value of 93% and could be used for BPD prediction of all small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants. The NICHD calculator applied to our population had a specificity of 93% and a positive predictive value of 75% and could not be applied to extremely SGA infants. CONCLUSION Our tool can predict the risk of BPD on the 14th day of life, has higher specificity and positive predictive value to our population than the NICHD instrument, and can be suitable for SGA infants. The results must be confirmed by applying it to other populations to validate our tool.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Davi Casale Aragon
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Calixto
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Elaine Fukumoto Vieira
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Walusa Assad Gonçalves-Ferri
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Okulu E, Kraja E, Kostekci YE, Aloyeva R, Erdeve O, Atasay B, Arsan S. Comparison of Definitions for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Cohort Study. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2023; 227:58-63. [PMID: 36070784 DOI: 10.1055/a-1915-5682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to compare the definitions of National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) for determining the incidences, and predicting late death and respiratory outcome. This retrospective cohort study included infants born at<32 weeks' gestation who survived up to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA). Infants were classified as having BPD or no BPD per thedefinitions of NICHD 2001 and 2018. The incidences of BPD were 49 and 32% according to the 2001 and 2018 NICHD definitions. Gestational age, birth weight and intubation after birth were associated with BPD by both definitions. The NICHD 2018 definition displayed similar sensitivity (100%) and negative predictive value (100%), and higher specificity (70 vs. 52%) for predicting death after 36 weeks' PMA; a higher specificity (72 vs. 53%), comparable negative predictive value (77 vs.76%), but lower sensitivity for predicting adverse respiratory outcome within 12 months corrected age compared with the NICHD 2001 definition. The NICHD 2018 definition is as powerful as the 2001 definition for predicting late death and seems to be a better indicator for long-term respiratory outcome. The use of supplemental oxygen or oxygen plus respiratory support should be considered while predicting both late death and long-term respiratory outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Okulu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elvis Kraja
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Ezgi Kostekci
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rana Aloyeva
- Department of Pediatrics, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Omer Erdeve
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Begum Atasay
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Saadet Arsan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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3
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Sindelar R, Shepherd EG, Ågren J, Panitch HB, Abman SH, Nelin LD. Established severe BPD: is there a way out? Change of ventilatory paradigms. Pediatr Res 2021; 90:1139-1146. [PMID: 34012026 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01558-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Improved survival of extremely preterm newborn infants has increased the number of infants at risk for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Despite efforts to prevent BPD, many of these infants still develop severe BPD (sBPD) and require long-term invasive mechanical ventilation. The focus of research and clinical management has been on the prevention of BPD, which has had only modest success. On the other hand, research on the management of the established sBPD patient has received minimal attention even though this condition poses large economic and health problems with extensive morbidities and late mortality. Patients with sBPD, however, have been shown to respond to treatments focused not only on ventilatory strategies but also on multidisciplinary approaches where neurodevelopmental support, growth promoting strategies, and aggressive treatment of pulmonary hypertension improve their long-term outcomes. In this review we will try to present a physiology-based ventilatory strategy for established sBPD, emphasizing a possible paradigm shift from acute efforts to wean infants at all costs to a more chronic approach of stabilizing the infant. This chronic approach, herein referred to as chronic phase ventilation, aims at allowing active patient engagement, reducing air trapping, and improving ventilation-perfusion matching, while providing sufficient support to optimize late outcomes. IMPACT: Based on pathophysiological aspects of evolving and established severe BPD in premature infants, this review presents some lung mechanical properties of the most severe phenotype and proposes a chronic phase ventilatory strategy that aims at reducing air trapping, improving ventilation-perfusion matching and optimizing late outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Sindelar
- University Children's Hospital, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Edward G Shepherd
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Johan Ågren
- University Children's Hospital, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Howard B Panitch
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Steven H Abman
- Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Leif D Nelin
- University Children's Hospital, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Nationwide Children's Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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4
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Hennelly M, Greenberg RG, Aleem S. An Update on the Prevention and Management of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. PEDIATRIC HEALTH MEDICINE AND THERAPEUTICS 2021; 12:405-419. [PMID: 34408533 PMCID: PMC8364965 DOI: 10.2147/phmt.s287693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common morbidity affecting preterm infants and is associated with substantial long-term disabilities. There has been no change in the incidence of BPD over the past 20 years, despite improvements in survival and other outcomes. The preterm lung is vulnerable to injuries occurring as a result of invasive ventilation, hyperoxia, and infections that contribute to the development of BPD. Clinicians caring for infants in the neonatal intensive care unit use multiple therapies for the prevention and management of BPD. Non-invasive ventilation strategies and surfactant administration via thin catheters are treatment approaches that aim to avoid volutrauma and barotrauma to the preterm developing lung. Identifying high-risk infants to receive postnatal corticosteroids and undergo patent ductus arteriosus closure may help to individualize care and promote improved lung outcomes. In infants with established BPD, outpatient management is complex and requires coordination from several specialists and therapists. However, most current therapies used to prevent and manage BPD lack solid evidence to support their effectiveness. Further research is needed with appropriately defined outcomes to develop effective therapies and impact the incidence of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel G Greenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Samia Aleem
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
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5
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Fluid balance in early postnatal life: Should we keep the babies dry to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia? Pediatr Res 2021; 90:240-241. [PMID: 34035427 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01589-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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6
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Can biomarkers be used to predict bronchopulmonary dysplasia? J Pediatr (Rio J) 2021; 97:253-255. [PMID: 33183652 PMCID: PMC9432051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Abstract
In the current era, the survival of extremely low-birth-weight infants has increased considerably because of new advances in technology; however, these infants often develop chronic dysfunction of the lung, which is called bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). BPD remains an important cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity despite newer and gentler modes of ventilation. BPD results from the exposure of immature lungs to various antenatal and postnatal factors that lead to an impairment in lung development and aberrant growth of lung parenchyma and vasculature. However, we still struggle with a uniform definition for BPD that can help predict various short- and long-term pulmonary outcomes. With new research, our understanding of the pathobiology of this disease has evolved, and many new mechanisms of lung injury and repair are now known. By utilizing the novel ‘omic’ approaches in BPD, we have now identified various factors in the disease process that may act as novel therapeutic targets in the future. New investigational agents being explored for the management and prevention of BPD include mesenchymal stem cell therapy and insulin-like growth factor 1. Despite this, many questions remain unanswered and require further research to improve the outcomes of premature infants with BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitali Sahni
- Pediatrix Medical Group, Sunrise Children's Hospital, Las Vegas, NV, USA.,University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Vineet Bhandari
- Neonatology Research Laboratory, Education and Research Building, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
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8
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Abstract
In the United States, preterm birth rates have steadily increased since 2014. Despite the recent advances in neonatal-perinatal care, more than 40% of very low-birth-weight infants develop chronic lung disease (CLD) and almost 25% have feeding difficulties resulting in delayed achievement of full oral feeds and longer hospital stay. Establishment of full oral feeds, a major challenge for preterm infants, becomes magnified among those on respiratory support and/or with CLD. The strategies to minimize aerodigestive disorders include supporting nonnutritive sucking, developing infant-directed feeding protocols, sensory oromotor stimulation, and early introduction of oral feeds.
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9
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Gilfillan M, Das P, Shah D, Alam MA, Bhandari V. Inhibition of microRNA-451 is associated with increased expression of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor and mitgation of the cardio-pulmonary phenotype in a murine model of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Respir Res 2020; 21:92. [PMID: 32321512 PMCID: PMC7178994 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been implicated as a protective factor in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and is known to be regulated by MicroRNA-451 (miR-451). The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of miR-451 and the MIF signaling pathway in in vitro and in vivo models of BPD. Methods Studies were conducted in mouse lung endothelial cells (MLECs) exposed to hyperoxia and in a newborn mouse model of hyperoxia-induced BPD. Lung and cardiac morphometry as well as vascular markers were evaluated. Results Increased expression of miR-451 was noted in MLECs exposed to hyperoxia and in lungs of BPD mice. Administration of a miR-451 inhibitor to MLECs exposed to hyperoxia was associated with increased expression of MIF and decreased expression of angiopoietin (Ang) 2. Treatment with the miR-451 inhibitor was associated with improved lung morphometry indices, significant reduction in right ventricular hypertrophy, decreased mean arterial wall thickness and improvement in vascular density in BPD mice. Western blot analysis demonstrated preservation of MIF expression in BPD animals treated with a miR-451 inhibitor and increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), Ang1, Ang2 and the Ang receptor, Tie2. Conclusion We demonstrated that inhibition of miR-451 is associated with mitigation of the cardio-pulmonary phenotype, preservation of MIF expression and increased expression of several vascular growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Gilfillan
- Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA.,St Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA, 19134, USA
| | - Pragnya Das
- Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA.,Neonatology Research Laboratory, Education and Research Building, Cooper University Hospital, (Room #206), Camden, NJ, 08103, USA
| | - Dilip Shah
- Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA.,Neonatology Research Laboratory, Education and Research Building, Cooper University Hospital, (Room #206), Camden, NJ, 08103, USA
| | - Mohammad Afaque Alam
- Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA.,Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Vineet Bhandari
- Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA. .,St Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA, 19134, USA. .,Neonatology Research Laboratory, Education and Research Building, Cooper University Hospital, (Room #206), Camden, NJ, 08103, USA. .,Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. .,Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology and Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA. .,Neonatology, The Children's Regional Hospital at Cooper, One Cooper Plaza, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA.
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10
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Bapat R, Nelin L, Shepherd E, Ryshen G, Elgin A, Bartman T. A multidisciplinary quality improvement effort to reduce bronchopulmonary dysplasia incidence. J Perinatol 2020; 40:681-687. [PMID: 31907398 PMCID: PMC7223819 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-019-0574-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) is the most common prematurity complication. Although several practices have been proposed for BPD prevention, none of these in isolation prevent BPD. METHODS Our initiative focused on two key drivers: oxygen management and noninvasive ventilation strategies. We created best practice guidelines and followed outcome measures using Shewhart control charts. RESULTS PDSAs of protocols preceded a large-scale rollout of a "0.21 by 28" campaign in 2014 leading to a special cause reduction in the "any BPD" rate, and a decrease in severe BPD (from 57 to 29%). At the end of 2017, we reinvigorated the project, which led to dramatic decreases in the "any BPD" rate to 41% and the "severe BPD" rate to 21%. CONCLUSIONS A multidisciplinary QI initiative focused on process improvement geared towards the pathophysiological contributors of BPD has successfully reduced the rate of BPD in an all referral level IV NICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopali Bapat
- 0000 0004 0392 3476grid.240344.5Division of Neonatology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Leif Nelin
- 0000 0004 0392 3476grid.240344.5Division of Neonatology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH USA ,0000 0004 0392 3476grid.240344.5Research Institute and Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Edward Shepherd
- 0000 0004 0392 3476grid.240344.5Division of Neonatology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Greg Ryshen
- 0000 0004 0392 3476grid.240344.5Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Amee Elgin
- 0000 0004 0392 3476grid.240344.5Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Thomas Bartman
- Division of Neonatology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
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11
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Dylag AM, Brookes PS, O'Reilly MA. Swapping mitochondria: a key to understanding susceptibility to neonatal chronic lung disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 317:L737-L739. [PMID: 31596117 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00395.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Dylag
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Paul S Brookes
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Michael A O'Reilly
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
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12
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Zaramella P, Munari F, Stocchero M, Molon B, Nardo D, Priante E, Tosato F, Bonadies L, Viola A, Baraldi E. Innate immunity ascertained from blood and tracheal aspirates of preterm newborn provides new clues for assessing bronchopulmonary dysplasia. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221206. [PMID: 31483807 PMCID: PMC6726193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The study aimed to establish how granulocytes, monocytes and macrophages contribute to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Materials and methods Study A: samples of blood and tracheal aspirates (TAs) collected from preterm newborn infants during the first 3 days of life were investigated by flow cytometry, and testing for white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Maternal blood samples were also collected. Study B: data from previously-tested samples of TAs collected from preterm newborn infants were re-analyzed in the light of the findings in the new cohort. Results Study A: 39 preterm newborn infants were studied. A moderate correlation emerged between maternal WBCs and neutrophils and those of their newborn in the first 3 days of life. WBCs and neutrophils correlated in the newborn during the first 8 days of life. Decision rules based on birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA) can be used to predict bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Neutrophil levels were lower in the TAs from the newborn with the lowest GAs and BWs. Study B: after removing the effect of GA on BPD development, previously-tested newborn were matched by GA. Monocyte phenotype 1 (Mon1) levels were lower in the blood of newborn with BPD, associated with a higher ratio of Monocyte phenotype 3 (Mon3) to Mon1. Newborn infants from mothers with histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) had lower levels of classically-activated macrophages (M1) and higher levels of alternatively-activated macrophages (M2) in their TAs than newborn infants from healthy mothers. Conclusion Immune cell behavior in preterm newborn infants was examined in detail. Surprisingly, neutrophil levels were lower in TAs from the newborn with the lowest GA and BW, and no correlation emerged between the neutrophil and NET levels in TAs and the other variables measured. Interestingly, monocyte phenotype seemed to influence the onset of BPD. The rise in the ratio of Mon 3 to Mon 1 could contribute to endothelial dysfunction in BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Zaramella
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Padova University Hospital, Via Giustiniani, Padova, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Fabio Munari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute (IRP), Città della Speranza Foundation, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Stocchero
- Pediatric Research Institute (IRP), Città della Speranza Foundation, Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Molon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute (IRP), Città della Speranza Foundation, Padova, Italy
| | - Daniel Nardo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Padova University Hospital, Via Giustiniani, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Priante
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Padova University Hospital, Via Giustiniani, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Tosato
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Bonadies
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Padova University Hospital, Via Giustiniani, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonella Viola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute (IRP), Città della Speranza Foundation, Padova, Italy
| | - Eugenio Baraldi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Padova University Hospital, Via Giustiniani, Padova, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute (IRP), Città della Speranza Foundation, Padova, Italy
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13
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Bhandari V. Designing a better definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatr Pulmonol 2019; 54:678-679. [PMID: 30864236 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Bhandari
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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14
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The definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: an evolving dilemma. Pediatr Res 2018; 84:586-588. [PMID: 30188504 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-018-0167-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) continues to be a challenging one. The evolution of the disease as well as its definition are discussed. Limitations of the current as well as newer suggested definitions of BPD are summarized. Recognition of the variability of the pulmonary phenotype is a critical aspect of the disease that needs to identified, utilizing biomarkers that will potentially better inform the next iteration of the definition of BPD.
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15
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Kubicka Z, Zahr E, Rousseau T, Feldman HA, Fiascone J. Quality improvement to reduce chronic lung disease rates in very-low birth weight infants: high compliance with a respiratory care bundle in a small NICU. J Perinatol 2018; 38:285-292. [PMID: 29234148 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-017-0008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reduce chronic lung disease by 10% among very-low birth weight infants by implementing a consistent respiratory care bundle. STUDY DESIGN Prospective quality improvement study of infants below 32 weeks gestation in a small neonatal intensive care unit. A respiratory care bundle to eliminate inter-provider variability and minimize use of mechanical ventilation was implemented. This included: defining delivery room management with use of continuous positive airway pressure/nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation, uniform intubation/extubation criteria, and standardizing ventilation/post-extubation support. RESULTS A total of 107 very-low birth weight infants were included in this project. Compliance with the respiratory care bundle was >90%. Chronic lung disease rates at 36 weeks postmenstrual age fell from 43 to 12% (P = 0.0006), rates of combined chronic lung disease/death decreased from 50 to 20% (P = 0.002, OR = 0.25, 95% CI 0.1-0.6), rates of severe intraventricular hemorrhage decreased from 13 to 0% (P = 0.005), and surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus decreased from 35 to 3% (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION High compliance with the respiratory care bundle was achieved and a 73% reduction in chronic lung disease rates in very-low birth weight infants occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Kubicka
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,South Shore Hospital, Weymouth, MA, USA.
| | - Eyad Zahr
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,South Shore Hospital, Weymouth, MA, USA
| | - Tamara Rousseau
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,South Shore Hospital, Weymouth, MA, USA
| | - Henry A Feldman
- Clinical Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Fiascone
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,South Shore Hospital, Weymouth, MA, USA
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16
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Principi N, Di Pietro GM, Esposito S. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: clinical aspects and preventive and therapeutic strategies. J Transl Med 2018; 16:36. [PMID: 29463286 PMCID: PMC5819643 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1417-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the result of a complex process in which several prenatal and/or postnatal factors interfere with lower respiratory tract development, leading to a severe, lifelong disease. In this review, what is presently known regarding BPD pathogenesis, its impact on long-term pulmonary morbidity and mortality and the available preventive and therapeutic strategies are discussed. MAIN BODY Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is associated with persistent lung impairment later in life, significantly impacting health services because subjects with BPD have, in most cases, frequent respiratory diseases and reductions in quality of life and life expectancy. Prematurity per se is associated with an increased risk of long-term lung problems. However, in children with BPD, impairment of pulmonary structures and function is even greater, although the characterization of long-term outcomes of BPD is difficult because the adults presently available to study have received outdated treatment. Prenatal and postnatal preventive measures are extremely important to reduce the risk of BPD. CONCLUSION Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a respiratory condition that presently occurs in preterm neonates and can lead to chronic respiratory problems. Although knowledge about BPD pathogenesis has significantly increased in recent years, not all of the mechanisms that lead to lung damage are completely understood, which explains why therapeutic approaches that are theoretically effective have been only partly satisfactory or useless and, in some cases, potentially negative. However, prevention of prematurity, systematic use of nonaggressive ventilator measures, avoiding supraphysiologic oxygen exposure and administration of surfactant, caffeine and vitamin A can significantly reduce the risk of BPD development. Cell therapy is the most fascinating new measure to address the lung damage due to BPD. It is desirable that ongoing studies yield positive results to definitively solve a major clinical, social and economic problem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susanna Esposito
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Piazza Menghini 1, 06129 Perugia, Italy
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Gomez Pomar E, Concina VA, Samide A, Westgate PM, Bada HS. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Comparison Between the Two Most Used Diagnostic Criteria. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:397. [PMID: 30619792 PMCID: PMC6299117 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To compare the Shennan's and the consensus definition of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) workshop and analyze specific risk factors associated with each definition. Study design: Retrospective analysis of records of 274 infants admitted to a level IV intensive care unit. Infants were classified as having BPD or no BPD by both definitions. Differences in incidence and risk factors were analyzed. Statistical methods included descriptive statistics, comparative tests, and marginal logistic regression modeling. Results: The estimated difference in prevalence was 32% [95% CI: (26%, 37%), (p < 0.0001)] between both criteria. The prevalence of BPD was 80% higher based on the NIH criteria [RR = 1.80; 95% CI: (1.58, 2.06)]. Infants with no BPD by the Shennan definition were breathing room air with or without positive or continuous pressure support and were most likely to be discharged home on oxygen [OR = 4.47, 95% CI: (1.20, 16.61), p = 0.03]. Gestational age, birth weight, and 1-min Apgar score predicted BPD by both definitions. Chorioamnionitis increased the risk of BPD by the Shennan definition but was associated with lower risk by the NIH criteria. IUGR was associated with BPD by the Shennan definition and with severe BPD by the NIH criteria. Conclusion: Compared to the Shennan's definition, the NIH consensus identified 80% more infants with BPD and is a better predictor of oxygen requirement at discharge. Until a new better criteria is develop, the NIH consensus definition should be used across centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Gomez Pomar
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Vanessa A Concina
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Aaron Samide
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital in Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
| | - Philip M Westgate
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Henrietta S Bada
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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D'Alessandro A, Nozik-Grayck E, Stenmark KR. Identification of Infants at Risk for Chronic Lung Disease at Birth. Potential for a Personalized Approach to Disease Prevention. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 196:951-952. [PMID: 28613077 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201706-1065ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo D'Alessandro
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora, Colorado and
| | - Eva Nozik-Grayck
- 2 Developmental Lung Biology and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kurt R Stenmark
- 2 Developmental Lung Biology and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora, Colorado
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19
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Ahmed E, Sansac C, Assou S, Gras D, Petit A, Vachier I, Chanez P, De Vos J, Bourdin A. Lung development, regeneration and plasticity: From disease physiopathology to drug design using induced pluripotent stem cells. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 183:58-77. [PMID: 28987320 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lungs have a complex structure composed of different cell types that form approximately 17 million airway branches of gas-delivering bronchioles connected to 500 million gas-exchanging alveoli. Airways and alveoli are lined by epithelial cells that display a low rate of turnover at steady-state, but can regenerate the epithelium in response to injuries. Here, we review the key points of lung development, homeostasis and epithelial cell plasticity in response to injury and disease, because this knowledge is required to develop new lung disease treatments. Of note, canonical signaling pathways that are essential for proper lung development during embryogenesis are also involved in the pathophysiology of most chronic airway diseases. Moreover, the perfect control of these interconnected pathways is needed for the successful differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) into lung cells. Indeed, differentiation of iPSC into airway epithelium and alveoli is based on the use of biomimetics of normal embryonic and fetal lung development. In vitro iPSC-based models of lung diseases can help us to better understand the impaired lung repair capacity and to identify new therapeutic targets and new approaches, such as lung cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engi Ahmed
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier F34000, France; CHU Montpellier, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier F34000, France; INSERM, U1183, Montpellier F34000, France; Université de MONTPELLIER, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier F34000, France
| | - Caroline Sansac
- CHU Montpellier, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier F34000, France
| | - Said Assou
- CHU Montpellier, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier F34000, France; INSERM, U1183, Montpellier F34000, France; Université de MONTPELLIER, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier F34000, France
| | - Delphine Gras
- Dept of Respiratory Diseases APHM, INSERM CNRS U 1067, UMR7333, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Aurélie Petit
- INSERM, U1046, PhyMedExp, Montpellier F34000, France
| | | | - Pascal Chanez
- Dept of Respiratory Diseases APHM, INSERM CNRS U 1067, UMR7333, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - John De Vos
- CHU Montpellier, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier F34000, France; INSERM, U1183, Montpellier F34000, France; Université de MONTPELLIER, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier F34000, France; CHU Montpellier, Unit for Cellular Therapy, Hospital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier F 34000, France.
| | - Arnaud Bourdin
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier F34000, France; Université de MONTPELLIER, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier F34000, France; INSERM, U1046, PhyMedExp, Montpellier F34000, France.
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