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Tran NH, Ryzhov V, Volnitskiy A, Amerkanov D, Pack F, Golubev AM, Arutyunyan A, Spitsyna A, Burdakov V, Lebedev D, Konevega AL, Shtam T, Marchenko Y. Radiosensitizing Effect of Dextran-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Malignant Glioma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15150. [PMID: 37894830 PMCID: PMC10606998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential of standard methods of radiation therapy is limited by the dose that can be safely delivered to the tumor, which could be too low for radical treatment. The dose efficiency can be increased by using radiosensitizers. In this study, we evaluated the sensitizing potential of biocompatible iron oxide nanoparticles coated with a dextran shell in A172 and Gl-Tr glioblastoma cells in vitro. The cells preincubated with nanoparticles for 24 h were exposed to ionizing radiation (X-ray, gamma, or proton) at doses of 0.5-6 Gy, and their viability was assessed by the Resazurin assay and by staining of the surviving cells with crystal violet. A statistically significant effect of radiosensitization by nanoparticles was observed in both cell lines when cells were exposed to 35 keV X-rays. A weak radiosensitizing effect was found only in the Gl-Tr line for the 1.2 MeV gamma irradiation and there was no radiosensitizing effect in both lines for the 200 MeV proton irradiation at the Bragg peak. A slight (ca. 10%) increase in the formation of additional reactive oxygen species after X-ray irradiation was found when nanoparticles were present. These results suggest that the nanoparticles absorbed by glioma cells can produce a significant radiosensitizing effect, probably due to the action of secondary electrons generated by the magnetite core, whereas the dextran shell of the nanoparticles used in these experiments appears to be rather stable under radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhan Hau Tran
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Orlova roscha 1, Gatchina 188300, Russia; (N.H.T.); (A.V.); (D.A.); (F.P.); (A.M.G.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (D.L.); (A.L.K.); (T.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnology, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Politehnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav Ryzhov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Orlova roscha 1, Gatchina 188300, Russia; (N.H.T.); (A.V.); (D.A.); (F.P.); (A.M.G.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (D.L.); (A.L.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Andrey Volnitskiy
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Orlova roscha 1, Gatchina 188300, Russia; (N.H.T.); (A.V.); (D.A.); (F.P.); (A.M.G.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (D.L.); (A.L.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Dmitry Amerkanov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Orlova roscha 1, Gatchina 188300, Russia; (N.H.T.); (A.V.); (D.A.); (F.P.); (A.M.G.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (D.L.); (A.L.K.); (T.S.)
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Fedor Pack
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Orlova roscha 1, Gatchina 188300, Russia; (N.H.T.); (A.V.); (D.A.); (F.P.); (A.M.G.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (D.L.); (A.L.K.); (T.S.)
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Aleksander M. Golubev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Orlova roscha 1, Gatchina 188300, Russia; (N.H.T.); (A.V.); (D.A.); (F.P.); (A.M.G.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (D.L.); (A.L.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Alexandr Arutyunyan
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Orlova roscha 1, Gatchina 188300, Russia; (N.H.T.); (A.V.); (D.A.); (F.P.); (A.M.G.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (D.L.); (A.L.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Anastasiia Spitsyna
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Orlova roscha 1, Gatchina 188300, Russia; (N.H.T.); (A.V.); (D.A.); (F.P.); (A.M.G.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (D.L.); (A.L.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Vladimir Burdakov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Orlova roscha 1, Gatchina 188300, Russia; (N.H.T.); (A.V.); (D.A.); (F.P.); (A.M.G.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (D.L.); (A.L.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Dmitry Lebedev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Orlova roscha 1, Gatchina 188300, Russia; (N.H.T.); (A.V.); (D.A.); (F.P.); (A.M.G.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (D.L.); (A.L.K.); (T.S.)
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Andrey L. Konevega
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Orlova roscha 1, Gatchina 188300, Russia; (N.H.T.); (A.V.); (D.A.); (F.P.); (A.M.G.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (D.L.); (A.L.K.); (T.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnology, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Politehnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Tatiana Shtam
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Orlova roscha 1, Gatchina 188300, Russia; (N.H.T.); (A.V.); (D.A.); (F.P.); (A.M.G.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (D.L.); (A.L.K.); (T.S.)
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Marchenko
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Orlova roscha 1, Gatchina 188300, Russia; (N.H.T.); (A.V.); (D.A.); (F.P.); (A.M.G.); (A.A.); (A.S.); (V.B.); (D.L.); (A.L.K.); (T.S.)
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Cryo-electron microscopy of adipose tissue extracellular vesicles in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279652. [PMID: 36827314 PMCID: PMC10045588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane vesicles which play an important role in cell-to-cell communication and physiology. EVs deliver biological information from producing to recipient cells by transport of different cargo such as proteins, mRNAs, microRNAs, non-coding RNAs and lipids. Adipose tissue EVs could regulate metabolic and inflammatory interactions inside adipose tissue depots as well as distal tissues. Thus, adipose tissue EVs are assumed to be implicated in obesity-associated pathologies, notably in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study we for the first time characterize EVs secreted by visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of patients with obesity and T2DM with standard methods as well as analyze their morphology with cryo-electron microscopy. Cryo-electron microscopy allowed us to visualize heterogeneous population of EVs of various size and morphology including single EVs and EVs with internal membrane structures in samples from obese patients as well from the control group. Single vesicles prevailed (up to 85% for SAT, up to 75% for VAT) and higher proportion of EVs with internal membrane structures compared to SAT was typical for VAT. Decreased size of single and double SAT EVs compared to VAT EVs, large proportion of multilayered EVs and all EVs with internal membrane structures secreted by VAT distinguished obese patients with/without T2DM from the control group. These findings could support the idea of modified biogenesis of EVs during obesity and T2DM.
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Usenko T, Miroshnikova V, Bezrukova A, Basharova K, Landa S, Korobova Z, Liubimova N, Vlasov I, Nikolaev M, Izyumchenko A, Gavrilova E, Shlyk I, Chernitskaya E, Kovalchuk Y, Slominsky P, Totolian A, Polushin Y, Pchelina S. Fraction of plasma exomeres and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol as a predictor of fatal outcome of COVID-19. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0278083. [PMID: 36758022 PMCID: PMC9910704 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcriptomic analysis conducted by us previously revealed upregulation of genes involved in low-density lipoprotein particle receptor (LDLR) activity pathway in lethal COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Last data suggested the possible role of extracellular vesicles in COVID-19 pathogenesis. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate parameters of cholesterol metabolism and newly identified EVs, exomeres, as possible predictors of fatal outcome of COVID-19 patients infected by the Alpha and the Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Blood from 67 patients with severe COVID-19 were collected at the time of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and 7 days after admission to the ICU. After 30 days patients were divided into two subgroups according to outcome-34 non-survivors and 33 survivors. This study demonstrated that plasma low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (LDL-C and HDL-C) were decreased in non-survivors compared to controls at the time of admission to the ICU. The conjoint fraction of exomeres and LDL particles measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) was decreased in non-survivors infected by the Alpha and the Delta variants compared to survivors at the time of admission to the ICU. We first showed that reduction of exomeres fraction may be critical in fatal outcome of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Usenko
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina, Russia
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Kurchatov Genome Center—PNPI, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Valentina Miroshnikova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina, Russia
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia Bezrukova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina, Russia
| | - Katerina Basharova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina, Russia
| | - Sergey Landa
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina, Russia
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Zoia Korobova
- Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Ivan Vlasov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhael Nikolaev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina, Russia
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Artem Izyumchenko
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina, Russia
| | - Elena Gavrilova
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina Shlyk
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena Chernitskaya
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yurii Kovalchuk
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Petr Slominsky
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Areg Totolian
- Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yurii Polushin
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sofya Pchelina
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina, Russia
- Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Kurchatov Genome Center—PNPI, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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Landa S, Verlov N, Fedorova N, Filatov M, Pantina R, Burdakov V, Varfolomeeva E, Emanuel V. Extracellular Particles as Carriers of Cholesterol Not Associated with Lipoproteins. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12060618. [PMID: 35736324 PMCID: PMC9227390 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes and exomeres are the smallest microparticles ranging from 20 to 130 nm in diameter. They are found in almost all biological fluids. Exosomes and exomeres are of considerable interest since they can be involved in intercellular signaling and are biological markers of the state of cells, which can be used for diagnostics. The nomenclature of exosomes remains poorly developed. Most researchers try to classify them based on the mode of formation, physicochemical characteristics, and the presence of tetrasporin markers CD9, CD63, and CD81. The data presented in this work show that although exomeres carry tetrasporin biomarkers, they differ from exosomes strongly in lipid composition, especially in cholesterol content. The production of exomeres by cells is associated with the synthesis of cholesterol in cells and is expressed or suppressed by regulators of the synthesis of mevalonate, an intermediate product of cholesterol metabolism. In addition, the work shows that the concentration of extracellular particles in the body correlates with the concentration of cholesterol in the plasma, but weakly correlates with the concentration of cholesterol in lipoproteins. This suggests that not all plasma cholesterol is associated with lipoproteins, as previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Landa
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Orlova Roshcha, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (N.V.); (N.F.); (M.F.); (R.P.); (V.B.); (E.V.)
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, St. Petersburg State Medical University, I.P. Pavlova of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 9, Lev Tolstoy St., 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Nicolay Verlov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Orlova Roshcha, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (N.V.); (N.F.); (M.F.); (R.P.); (V.B.); (E.V.)
- Saint Petersburg Clinical Research and Practical Center of Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncological), 196605 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia Fedorova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Orlova Roshcha, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (N.V.); (N.F.); (M.F.); (R.P.); (V.B.); (E.V.)
| | - Mikhail Filatov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Orlova Roshcha, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (N.V.); (N.F.); (M.F.); (R.P.); (V.B.); (E.V.)
| | - Rimma Pantina
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Orlova Roshcha, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (N.V.); (N.F.); (M.F.); (R.P.); (V.B.); (E.V.)
| | - Vladimir Burdakov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Orlova Roshcha, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (N.V.); (N.F.); (M.F.); (R.P.); (V.B.); (E.V.)
| | - Elena Varfolomeeva
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Orlova Roshcha, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (N.V.); (N.F.); (M.F.); (R.P.); (V.B.); (E.V.)
| | - Vladimir Emanuel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, St. Petersburg State Medical University, I.P. Pavlova of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 9, Lev Tolstoy St., 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
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Garaeva L, Kamyshinsky R, Kil Y, Varfolomeeva E, Verlov N, Komarova E, Garmay Y, Landa S, Burdakov V, Myasnikov A, Vinnikov IA, Margulis B, Guzhova I, Kagansky A, Konevega AL, Shtam T. Delivery of functional exogenous proteins by plant-derived vesicles to human cells in vitro. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6489. [PMID: 33753795 PMCID: PMC7985202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85833-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) gain more and more attention as promising carriers of exogenous bioactive molecules to the human cells. Derived from various edible sources, these EVs are remarkably biocompatible, biodegradable and highly abundant from plants. In this work, EVs from grapefruit juice were isolated by differential centrifugation followed by characterization of their size, quantity and morphology by nanoparticle tracking analysis, dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy and cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM). In Cryo-EM experiments, we visualized grapefruit EVs with the average size of 41 ± 13 nm, confirmed their round-shaped morphology and estimated the thickness of their lipid bilayer as 5.3 ± 0.8 nm. Further, using cell culture models, we have successfully demonstrated that native grapefruit-derived extracellular vesicles (GF-EVs) are highly efficient carriers for the delivery of the exogenous Alexa Fluor 647 labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) into both human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and colon cancer cells. Interestingly, loading to plant EVs significantly ameliorated the uptake of exogenous proteins by human cells compared to the same proteins without EVs. Most importantly, we have confirmed the functional activity of human recombinant HSP70 in the colon cancer cell culture upon delivery by GF-EVs. Analysis of the biodistribution of GF-EVs loaded with 125I-labeled BSA in mice demonstrated a significant uptake of the grapefruit-derived extracellular vesicles by the majority of organs. The results of our study indicate that native plant EVs might be safe and effective carriers of exogenous proteins into human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Garaeva
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", mkr. Orlova roscha 1, 188300, Gatchina, Russian Federation
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Politehnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Roman Kamyshinsky
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Federal Scientific Research Centre 'Crystallography and Photonics', Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect, 59, 119333, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutsky lane 9, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yury Kil
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", mkr. Orlova roscha 1, 188300, Gatchina, Russian Federation
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Politehnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Kurchatov Genome Center-PNPI, 188300, Gatchina, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Varfolomeeva
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", mkr. Orlova roscha 1, 188300, Gatchina, Russian Federation
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolai Verlov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", mkr. Orlova roscha 1, 188300, Gatchina, Russian Federation
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Komarova
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Yuri Garmay
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", mkr. Orlova roscha 1, 188300, Gatchina, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Landa
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", mkr. Orlova roscha 1, 188300, Gatchina, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Burdakov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", mkr. Orlova roscha 1, 188300, Gatchina, Russian Federation
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Myasnikov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", mkr. Orlova roscha 1, 188300, Gatchina, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya A Vinnikov
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Boris Margulis
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Guzhova
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Kagansky
- Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutsky lane 9, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey L Konevega
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", mkr. Orlova roscha 1, 188300, Gatchina, Russian Federation
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Politehnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Shtam
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", mkr. Orlova roscha 1, 188300, Gatchina, Russian Federation.
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, 123182, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Bairamukov V, Bukatin A, Landa S, Burdakov V, Shtam T, Chelnokova I, Fedorova N, Filatov M, Starodubtseva M. Biomechanical Properties of Blood Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Revealed by Atomic Force Microscopy. BIOLOGY 2020; 10:4. [PMID: 33374530 PMCID: PMC7822188 DOI: 10.3390/biology10010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
While extracellular vesicles (EVs) are extensively studied by various practical applications in biomedicine, there is still little information on their biomechanical properties due to their nanoscale size. We identified isolated blood plasma vesicles that carried on biomarkers associated with exosomes and exomeres and applied atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study them at single particle level in air and in liquid. Air measurements of exosomes revealed a mechanically indented internal cavity in which highly adhesive sites were located. In contrast, the highly adhesive sites of exomeres were located at the periphery and the observed diameter of the particles was ~35 nm. In liquid, the reversible deformation of the internal cavity of exosomes was observed and a slightly deformed lipid bi-layer was identified. In contrast, exomeres were not deformed and their observed diameter was ~16 nm. The difference in diameters might be associated with a higher sorption of water film in air. The parameters we revealed correlated with the well-known structure and function for exosomes and were observed for exomeres for the first time. Our data provide a new insight into the biomechanical properties of nanoparticles and positioned AFM as an exclusive source of in situ information about their biophysical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Bairamukov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of NRC «Kurchatov Institute», 1, Orlova Roshcha, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (S.L.); (V.B.); (T.S.); (N.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Anton Bukatin
- Alferov Saint Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8/3, Khlopina St., 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
- Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31-33A, Ivana Chernych, 198095 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey Landa
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of NRC «Kurchatov Institute», 1, Orlova Roshcha, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (S.L.); (V.B.); (T.S.); (N.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Vladimir Burdakov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of NRC «Kurchatov Institute», 1, Orlova Roshcha, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (S.L.); (V.B.); (T.S.); (N.F.); (M.F.)
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Shtam
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of NRC «Kurchatov Institute», 1, Orlova Roshcha, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (S.L.); (V.B.); (T.S.); (N.F.); (M.F.)
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Chelnokova
- Institute of Radiobiology of NAS of Belarus, 4, Fedyuninskogo St., 246007 Gomel, Belarus; (I.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Natalia Fedorova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of NRC «Kurchatov Institute», 1, Orlova Roshcha, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (S.L.); (V.B.); (T.S.); (N.F.); (M.F.)
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Filatov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of NRC «Kurchatov Institute», 1, Orlova Roshcha, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (S.L.); (V.B.); (T.S.); (N.F.); (M.F.)
| | - Maria Starodubtseva
- Institute of Radiobiology of NAS of Belarus, 4, Fedyuninskogo St., 246007 Gomel, Belarus; (I.C.); (M.S.)
- Department of Medical and Biological Physics, Gomel State Medical University, 5, Lange St., 246000 Gomel, Belarus
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Altered level of plasma exosomes in patients with Gaucher disease. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:104038. [PMID: 32822875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.104038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) cause Gaucher disease (GD), the lysosomal storage disorder (LSD), and are the most common genetic risk factor of Parkinson's disease (PD). Lysosome functionality plays a critical role for secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their content. Here we compared EVs from the blood plasma of 8 GD patients and 8 controls in terms of amounts, size distribution, and composition of their protein cargo. EVs were isolated via sequential centrifugation and characterized by сryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The presence of exosomal markers HSP70 and tetrasponins were analyzed by Western blot and flow cytometry. Protein profiling was performed by mass-spectrometry (shotgun analysis). Here, for the first time we reported an increased size and altered morphology in exosomes derived from blood plasma of GD patients. An increased size of plasma exosomes from GD patients compared to controls was demonstrated by cryo-EM and DLS (р<0.0001, p < 0.001, respectively) and confirmed by mode size detected by NTA (p < 0.02). Cryo-EM demonstrated an increased number of double and multilayer vesicles in plasma EVs from GD patients. We found that the EVs were enriched with the surface exosomal markers (CD9, СD63, CD81) and an exosome-associated protein HSP70 in case of the patients with the disease. Proteomic profiling of exosomal proteins did not reveal any proteins associated with PD pathogenesis. Thus, we showed that lysosomal dysfunction in GD patients lead to a striking alteration of plasma exosomes in size and morphology.
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