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Sinha M, Gupta A, Gupta S, Singh P, Pandit S, Chauhan SS, Parthasarathi R. Analogue discovery of safer alternatives to HCQ and CQ drugs for SAR-CoV-2 by computational design. Comput Biol Med 2021; 130:104222. [PMID: 33535144 PMCID: PMC7817420 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 outbreak poses a severe health emergency to the global community. Due to availability of limited data, the selection of an effective treatment is a challenge. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a chloroquine (CQ) derivative administered for malaria and autoimmune diseases, has been shown to be effective against both Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-1) and SARS-CoV-2. Apart from the known adverse effects of these drugs, recently the use of CQ and HCQ as a potential treatment for COVID-19 is under flux globally. In this study, we focused on identifying a more potent analogue of HCQ and CQ against the spike protein of SAR-CoV-2 that can act as an effective antiviral agent for COVID-19 treatment. Systematic pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness, basicity predictions, virtual screening and molecular dynamics analysis (200 ns) were carried out to predict the inhibition potential of the analogous compounds on the spike protein. This work identifies the six potential analogues, out of which two compounds, namely 1-[1-(6-Chloroquinolin-4-yl) piperidin-4-yl]piperidin-3-ol and (1R,2R)-2-N-(7-Chloroquinolin-4-yl)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine interact with the active site of the spike protein similar to HCQ and CQ respectively with augmented safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meetali Sinha
- Computational Toxicology Facility, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anshika Gupta
- Computational Toxicology Facility, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shristee Gupta
- Computational Toxicology Facility, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prakrity Singh
- Computational Toxicology Facility, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shraddha Pandit
- Computational Toxicology Facility, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Singh Chauhan
- Computational Toxicology Facility, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramakrishnan Parthasarathi
- Computational Toxicology Facility, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India,Corresponding author. Computational Toxicology Facility, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
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