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Anokye R, Jackson B, Dimmock J, Dickson JM, Kennedy MA, Schultz CJ, Blekkenhorst LC, Hodgson JM, Stanley M, Lewis JR. Impact of vascular screening interventions on perceived threat, efficacy beliefs and behavioural intentions: a systematic narrative review. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:7189931. [PMID: 37279474 PMCID: PMC10243777 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Health-related behaviours contribute to the global burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiovascular imaging can be used to screen asymptomatic individuals for increased risk of CVD to enable earlier interventions to promote health-related behaviours to prevent or reduce CVD risk. Some theories of behaviour and behaviour change assume that engagement in a given behaviour is a function of individual threat appraisals, beliefs regarding the performance of behaviour, self-efficacy for performing the desired behaviour and/or dispositions to act (e.g. behavioural intentions). To date, little is known about the impact of cardiovascular imaging interventions on these constructs. This article summarises evidence related to perceived threat, efficacy beliefs, and behavioural intentions after CVD screening. We identified 10 studies (2 RCTs and 8 non-randomised studies, n = 2498) through a combination of screening citations from published systematic reviews and meta-analyses and searching electronic databases. Of these, 7 measured behavioural intentions and perceived susceptibility and 3 measured efficacy beliefs. Findings showed largely encouraging effects of screening interventions on bolstering self-efficacy beliefs and strengthening behavioural intentions. Imaging results that suggest the presence of coronary or carotid artery disease also increased perceived susceptibility to CVD. However, the review also identified some gaps in the literature, such as a lack of guiding theoretical frameworks and assessments of critical determinants of health-related behaviours. By carefully considering the key issues highlighted in this review, we can make significant strides towards reducing CVD risks and improving population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reindolf Anokye
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ben Jackson
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia
| | - James Dimmock
- Department of Psychology, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Joanne M Dickson
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Arts and Humanities (Psychology Discipline), Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZA, UK
| | - Mary A Kennedy
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Carl J Schultz
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth,Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lauren C Blekkenhorst
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Mandy Stanley
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Anokye R, Jackson B, Dimmock J, Dickson JM, Blekkenhorst LC, Hodgson JM, Lewis JR, Stanley M. Psychological distress and quality of life in asymptomatic adults following provision of imaging results for prevention of cardiovascular disease events: a scoping review. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2023; 22:13-22. [PMID: 35709338 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvac047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Psychological distress and changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) may occur after screening for disease. Reporting outcomes related to potential benefits and harms of screening is a key recommendation in the guidelines for reporting high-quality trials or interventions. However, no reviews have directly investigated outcomes related to psychological distress and/or changes in HRQoL following imaging assessment of cardiovascular risk and communication of cardiovascular findings to asymptomatic adults. A scoping review was conducted to map research on psychological distress and/or HRQoL following screening. METHODS AND RESULTS Six electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Social Work Abstracts, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, CINAHL, and EMBASE) were searched for articles that assessed psychological distress and/or HRQoL following screening. Two investigators independently screened titles and abstracts for all records retrieved using predefined criteria. Studies were conducted among active smokers, military personnel, athletes, post-menopausal women, and high-risk individuals. Seven constructs related to psychological distress and HRQoL appeared across 11 articles (randomized controlled trials, n = 4 and non-randomized studies, n = 7). Worry, depression, perceived stress, anxiety, and quality of life were most prominent. Multiple-item measures of psychological distress (e.g. Taylor Anxiety Score and Beck Depression Inventory) were used in 5/9 (56%) studies. Key findings on psychological distress and/or changes in HRQoL following screening were mixed. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the need for multiple-item measures with better psychometric properties to examine the psychological responses to screening results in future studies. Strategies to support individuals during and following vascular screening to maximise potential benefits of screening and minimize harms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reindolf Anokye
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ben Jackson
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - James Dimmock
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Department of Psychology, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joanne M Dickson
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Arts and Humanities (Psychology Discipline), Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Department of Psychological Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lauren C Blekkenhorst
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia.,Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia.,Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia.,Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mandy Stanley
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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