1
|
Hao J, Kang Y, Wei S, Wang J, Wang H. 3D intraoral scanning techniques support the effects of crown morphology on dental caries. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:549. [PMID: 38730377 PMCID: PMC11088106 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04292-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the development and utilization of three-dimensional (3D) intraoral scanning (IOS) technology, the morphological characteristics of teeth were quantitatively assessed. In this research, we aimed to explore the prevalence of dental caries in relation to each measurable morphological indicator of the tooth body via 3D intraoral scanning techniques. METHODS A hospital-based single-centre study was conducted at our hospital from Dec. 2021 to Apr. 2023. A total of 53 patients were involved in the study, providing complete morphological data for 79 teeth. Each patient completed an oral hygiene routine questionnaire and underwent examination by an experienced dentist to evaluate caries conditions before undergoing 3D intraoral scanning to obtain a digital dental model. Geomagic Studio 2014 was used to extract oral morphological data from the models. The acquired data were entered, cleaned and edited using Excel 2016 and subsequently exported to SPSS version 25.0 for analysis. Chi-square analysis and logistic regression analyses were employed to test the associations. RESULTS Among the participants, 33 (61.1%) were female, with a mean age of 26.52 ± 10.83 years. Significant associations were found between dental caries and the vertical distance between the distal tip and the gum (OR 14.02; 95% CI 1.80-109.07; P = 0.012), the distal lateral horizontal distance of occlusion (OR 0.40; 95% CI 0.18-0.90; P = 0.026), and the mesial horizontal distance of occlusion (OR 2.20; 95% CI 1.12-4.31; P = 0.021). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated a P value of 0.33. CONCLUSIONS The vertical distance between the distal tip and the gum, the distal lateral horizontal distance of the occlusion and the mesial horizontal distance of the occlusion were the influencing factors for dental caries (identified as independent risk factors). We hypothesize that these factors may be associated with the physiological curvature of teeth and the role of chewing grooves in plaque formation over time. However, further studies involving larger population samples and more detailed age stratification are still needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Hao
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongtinan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, PR China
| | - Yuting Kang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongtinan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, PR China
| | - Siyuan Wei
- Department of Stomatology, Ciqu Community Health Service Center of Tongzhou District, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongtinan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, PR China.
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongtinan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kirik F, Iskandarov F, Erturk KM, Ozdemir H. Quantitative analysis of deep learning-based denoising model efficacy on optical coherence tomography images with different noise levels. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 45:103891. [PMID: 37949385 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the Noise2Noise (N2N) model, a deep learning (DL)-based noise reduction algorithm, on enhanced depth imaging-optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) images with different noise levels. METHODS The study included 30 subfoveal EDI-OCT images averaged with 100 frames from 30 healthy participants. Artificial Gaussian noise at 25.00, 50.00, and 75.00 standard deviations were added to the averaged (original) images, and the images were grouped as 25N, 50N, and 75N. Afterward, noise-added images were denoised with the N2N model and grouped as 25dN, 50dN, and 75dN, according to previous noise levels. The choroidal vascularity index (CVI) and deep choroidal contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated for all images, and noise-added and denoised images were compared with the original images. The structural similarity of the noise-added and denoised images to the original images was assessed by the Multi-Scale Structural Similarity Index (MS-SSI). RESULTS The CVI and CNR parameters of the original images (68.08 ± 2.47 %, and 9.71 ± 2.80) did not differ from the only 25dN images (67.97 ± 2.34 % and 8.50 ± 2.43) (p:1.000, and p:0.062, respectively). Noise reduction improved the MS-SSI at each noise level (p < 0.001). However, the highest MS-SSI was achieved in 25dN images. CONCLUSIONS The DL-based N2N denoising model can be used effectively for images with low noise levels, but at increasing noise levels, this model may be insufficient to provide both the original structural features of the choroid and structural similarity to the original image.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Kirik
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Adnan Menderes (Vatan) Avenue, Fatih, Istanbul 34093, Turkiye.
| | - Farid Iskandarov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Adnan Menderes (Vatan) Avenue, Fatih, Istanbul 34093, Turkiye
| | - Kamile Melis Erturk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Adnan Menderes (Vatan) Avenue, Fatih, Istanbul 34093, Turkiye
| | - Hakan Ozdemir
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Adnan Menderes (Vatan) Avenue, Fatih, Istanbul 34093, Turkiye
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu X, Sun C, An G, Cao L, Meng X. Case Report: Hypereosinophilic syndrome vs. patent foramen ovale as etiopathogenetic contributors to stroke. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 10:1298063. [PMID: 38283174 PMCID: PMC10811204 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1298063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), characterized by an increased number of eosinophils in tissues and/or blood, presents with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. Studies have shown that HES can affect the nervous system and may be associated with cerebral infarction. Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is the most common congenital intracardiac defect that can cause right-to-left shunting and contribute to the paradoxical embolization of venous emboli, and even lead to stroke. We report the case of a young man who presented with cerebral infarction accompanied by both HES and PFO. The patient underwent thorough evaluation to determine the source of emboli and the potential pathogenesis. In this case, HES was confirmed and glucocorticoid treatment was conducted. Direct imaging using optical coherence tomography (OCT) confirmed that the embolus originated from the PFO. Therefore, we performed PFO occlusion. The patient recovered well, and no new cerebral infarction was observed at 6-month follow-up. Based on the results of our study, we conclude that it is important to consider unusual etiologies of cerebral infarction, particularly in younger patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjuan Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Congcong Sun
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guipeng An
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lili Cao
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Meng
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Carneiro VSM, de Melo EL, de Oliveira Mota CCB, da Silva EJ, da Silva AF, Deama NS, Miranda JM, da Rocha SIS, de Lima Pires C, Gomes ASL, de Martínez Gerbi MEM. Optical clearing agents based on metallic and dielectric nanoparticles for caries diagnostic by optical coherence tomography. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:72. [PMID: 38175293 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05473-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles dispersed in glycerol or water, serving as optical clearing agents nanocolloids (OCAs-NC), for improving optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and highlighting incipient lesions in ex vivo human teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve human teeth with incipient lesions were divided into seven groups according to the OCA-NC; they were subjected to G1 (air), G2 (glycerol), G3 (TiO2 0.1%), G4 (TiO2 0.01%), G5 (TiO2 0.001%), G6 (AgNO3 10%), and G7 (AgNO3 100%). The OCA-NC was applied to the occlusal surface, and two-dimensional images of the specimens were analyzed using OCT (930 nm central wavelength; 100 nm bandwidth; 5 mW output power; axial resolution of 7/5.3 μm in water and air, respectively; lateral resolution of 8 μm; and light penetration depth of 1.6 mm inside the sample). RESULTS The findings demonstrated that the utilization of OCAs-NC containing metallic or dielectric nanoparticles (AgNO3 and TiO2) led to improved differentiation between sound and demineralized enamel on occlusal surfaces. Additionally, it enhanced the depth of image penetration when analyzing this hard tissue with OCT. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In the current context of minimally invasive dentistry, the use of OCAs-NC in conjunction with OCT can provide clinicians with early diagnosis, allowing for the determination of less/more invasive therapies and consequently halting the disease before cavitation of dental tissues occurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Claudia Cristina Brainer de Oliveira Mota
- Dental School of Pernambuco, Universidade de Pernambuco Campus Arcoverde, Arcoverde, PE, Brazil
- Dental School, Centro Universitário Tabosa de Almeida, Caruaru, PE, Brazil
| | - Evair Josino da Silva
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Nathalia Seimi Deama
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco (PPGO-UPE), Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | - Caio de Lima Pires
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco (PPGO-UPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Anderson Stevens Leonidas Gomes
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
- Department of Physics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Parolini B, Ripa M, Frisina R, Matello V, Motta L. The Role of the Intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography for Vitreoretinal Surgery in a Real-Life Setting. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1813. [PMID: 37763217 PMCID: PMC10533019 DOI: 10.3390/life13091813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To descriptively report the advantages and the feasibility of microscope-integrated intraoperative optical coherence tomography (i-OCT) in managing different vitreoretinal diseases in a real-life setting. METHODS We conducted an observational retrospective study involving 265 eyes that underwent elective retinal surgery and intraoperative OCT between 1 September 2018 and 1 October 2022 at Eyecare Clinic (Brescia, Italy). RESULTS 52 epiretinal membranes, 30 retinal detachments, 60 high myopic eyes, 30 choroidal transplants, 40 macular holes, and 32 vitreo-proliferative retinopathies underwent vitreoretinal surgery and intraoperative OCT scans. The i-OCT was a useful diagnostic exam for all cases and significantly influenced our surgical management. CONCLUSIONS i-OCT is a helpful surgical tool in ophthalmic surgery as it provides real-time feedback of tissue anatomy to surgeons, thereby guiding decision-making. Moreover, it provides additional information on the microarchitectural changes after instrument-tissue interactions, further guiding procedures when necessary and possibly reducing unessential surgical maneuvers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Parolini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eyecare Clinic, 25124 Brescia, Italy (V.M.)
| | - Matteo Ripa
- Department of Ophthalmology, William Harvey Hospital, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Ashford TN24 0LZ, UK
| | - Rino Frisina
- Ophthalmology Unit of Surgery, Department of Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, 29121 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Veronika Matello
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eyecare Clinic, 25124 Brescia, Italy (V.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Motta
- Department of Ophthalmology, William Harvey Hospital, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Ashford TN24 0LZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nakayama LF, Zago Ribeiro L, de Oliveira JAE, de Matos JCRG, Mitchell WG, Malerbi FK, Celi LA, Regatieri CVS. Fairness and generalizability of OCT normative databases: a comparative analysis. Int J Retina Vitreous 2023; 9:48. [PMID: 37605208 PMCID: PMC10440930 DOI: 10.1186/s40942-023-00459-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In supervised Machine Learning algorithms, labels and reports are important in model development. To provide a normality assessment, the OCT has an in-built normative database that provides a color base scale from the measurement database comparison. This article aims to evaluate and compare normative databases of different OCT machines, analyzing patient demographic, contrast inclusion and exclusion criteria, diversity index, and statistical approach to assess their fairness and generalizability. METHODS Data were retrieved from Cirrus, Avanti, Spectralis, and Triton's FDA-approval and equipment manual. The following variables were compared: number of eyes and patients, inclusion and exclusion criteria, statistical approach, sex, race and ethnicity, age, participant country, and diversity index. RESULTS Avanti OCT has the largest normative database (640 eyes). In every database, the inclusion and exclusion criteria were similar, including adult patients and excluding pathological eyes. Spectralis has the largest White (79.7%) proportionately representation, Cirrus has the largest Asian (24%), and Triton has the largest Black (22%) patient representation. In all databases, the statistical analysis applied was Regression models. The sex diversity index is similar in all datasets, and comparable to the ten most populous contries. Avanti dataset has the highest diversity index in terms of race, followed by Cirrus, Triton, and Spectralis. CONCLUSION In all analyzed databases, the data framework is static, with limited upgrade options and lacking normative databases for new modules. As a result, caution in OCT normality interpretation is warranted. To address these limitations, there is a need for more diverse, representative, and open-access datasets that take into account patient demographics, especially considering the development of supervised Machine Learning algorithms in healthcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Filipe Nakayama
- Laboratory of Computational Physiology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States of America.
- Department of Ophthalmology, São Paulo Federal University, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Zago Ribeiro
- Department of Ophthalmology, São Paulo Federal University, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - João Carlos Ramos Gonçalves de Matos
- Laboratory of Computational Physiology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States of America
- University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | - Leo Anthony Celi
- Laboratory of Computational Physiology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, United States of America, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Souza E Silva KY, Falcão CMC, Fernandes LO, Gomes ASL. Exploiting optical coherence tomography to evaluate wear in spiral dental polishing systems. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:C8-C13. [PMID: 37133052 DOI: 10.1364/ao.476769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of spiral polishing systems in restorative materials through optical coherence tomography (OCT). Performance of spiral polishers specific to resin and ceramics were evaluated. The surface roughness of restorative materials was measured, and images of the polishers were acquired by OCT and stereomicroscope. Surface roughness was reduced in ceramic and glass-ceramic composite polished with a system specific to resin (p<0.01). Surface area variation was observed on all polishers, except for the medium-grit polisher tested in ceramic (p<0.05). Similarity between images obtained through OCT and stereomicroscopy presented a Kappa inter- and intra-observer of 0.94 and 0.96, respectively. Then, OCT was able to evaluate wear areas in spiral polishers.
Collapse
|
8
|
In-process monitoring of a tissue-engineered oral mucosa fabricated on a micropatterned collagen scaffold: use of optical coherence tomography for quality control. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11468. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
9
|
Oral Cancer Screening by Artificial Intelligence-Oriented Interpretation of Optical Coherence Tomography Images. Radiol Res Pract 2022; 2022:1614838. [PMID: 35502299 PMCID: PMC9056242 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1614838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of oral cancer is critical to improve the survival rate of patients. The current strategies for screening of patients for oral premalignant and malignant lesions unfortunately miss a significant number of involved patients. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging modality that has been widely investigated in the field of oncology for identification of cancerous entities. Since the interpretation of OCT images requires professional training and OCT images contain information that cannot be inferred visually, artificial intelligence (AI) with trained algorithms has the ability to quantify visually undetectable variations, thus overcoming the barriers that have postponed the involvement of OCT in the process of screening of oral neoplastic lesions. This literature review aimed to highlight the features of precancerous and cancerous oral lesions on OCT images and specify how AI can assist in screening and diagnosis of such pathologies.
Collapse
|
10
|
Applications of Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis of Enamel Defects. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12030636. [PMID: 35328189 PMCID: PMC8947673 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12030636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental defects of enamel (DDEs) are deviations from the normal appearance in terms of the quantity and quality of tooth enamel. They may be genetic or acquired. The most important DDEs are hypomineralization and hypoplasia. The aim of this study was to produce “in vivo” DDE in Wistar rats by administering amoxicillin to pregnant females and to highlight these lesions after sacrifice of the pups by macroscopic and microscopic examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Amoxicillin (100 mg/kg) was administered to two pregnant Wistar female rats for the production of DDEs. When the pups were 2 months old, they were sacrificed, and their jaws were harvested together with their teeth. The jaws were examined macroscopically, microscopically, and by OCT. Following the macroscopic and microscopic examination, it was established that four pups had a total of 42 DDE lesions. At the OCT examination, the hypomineralization was characterized by an intense, inhomogeneous OCT signal, and the hypoplasia was characterized by the absence of the signal. Administration of amoxicillin to pregnant females of Wistar rats resulted in DDEs in their offspring. The OCT examination confirmed the presence of these lesions in the teeth of rat pups.
Collapse
|