Soltani Hekmat A, Chenari A, Alipanah H, Javanmardi K. Protective effect of alamandine on doxorubicin‑induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2021;
22:31. [PMID:
34049594 PMCID:
PMC8164237 DOI:
10.1186/s40360-021-00494-x]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of alamandine, a new member of the angiotensin family, against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
METHODS
Rats were intraperitoneally injected with DOX (3.750 mg/kg/week) to reach a total cumulative dose of 15 mg/kg by day 35. Alamandine (50 µg/kg/day) was administered to the rats via mini-osmotic pumps for 42 days. At the end of the experiment, rats were placed in the metabolic cages for 24 h so that their water intake and urine output could be measured. After scarification, the rats' serum and kidney tissues were collected, and biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical studies were carried out.
RESULTS
DOX administration yielded increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, pro-fibrotic proteins transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), pro-inflammatory transcription factor nuclear kappa B (NF-κB), kidney malondialdehyde (MDA), creatinine clearance, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and water intake. On the other hand, the DOX-treated group exhibited decreased renal superoxide dismutase (SOD), renal glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and urinary output. Alamandine co-therapy decreased these effects, as confirmed by histopathology and immunohistochemical analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that alamandine can prevent nephrotoxicity induced by DOX in rats.
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