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Cui H, Wu Z, Zhang L, Wu D, Hu D, Zhang J. Discovery of Pyrido[1,2-α] Pyrimidinone Mesoionic Compounds as Potential Control Agents Against Potato Virus Y. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:12925-12934. [PMID: 38809684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Potato virus Y (PVY) relies on aphids and tubers to spread in the field and causes serious economic losses in the potato industry. Here, we found that pyrido[1,2-α] pyrimidinone mesoionic compounds with insecticidal activity against aphids possessed a good inhibitory effect on PVY. Among them, compound 35 had the best inhibitory activity against PVY (EC50 = 104 μg/mL), even superior to that of ningnanmycin (125 μg/mL). The fluorescence and qPCR results confirmed that compound 35 could inhibit the proliferation of PVY in Nicotiana benthamiana. Preliminary experiments on the mechanism of action indicated that compound 35 had good binding affinity with the coat protein (CP), which plays an essential role in aphid-PVY interactions. Molecular docking revealed that compound 35 could bind to the pocket of CP formed by Ser52, Glu204, and Arg208. Compound 35 had substantially lower binding affinity (Kd) values with CPS52A (219 μM), CPE204A (231 μM), and CPR208A (189 μM) than those with CPWT (5.80 μM). A luciferase assay confirmed that mutating Ser52, Glu204, and Arg208 significantly affected the expression level of CP and further reduced virus proliferation. Therefore, the broad-spectrum activity of compound 35 provides a unique strategy for the prevention and treatment of PVY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang 550025, China
- Guizhou Institute of Soil and Fertilizer/Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huaxi, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Zengxue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Luoman Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Duanpu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Deyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang 550025, China
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Xu L, Zhang W, Liu S, Gao Y, Huang Y, Nie X, Bai Y. Transcriptome analysis of the synergistic mechanisms between two strains of potato virus Y in Solanum tuberosum L. Virology 2024; 594:110032. [PMID: 38467094 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Many viruses employ a process known as superinfection exclusion (SIE) to block subsequent entry or replication of the same or closely related viruses in the cells they occupy. SIE is also referred to as Cross-protection refers to the situation where a host plant infected by a mild strain of a virus or viroid gains immunity against a more severe strain closely related to the initial infectant. The mechanisms underlying cross-protection are not fully understood. In this study, we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) leaves. The strains PVYN-Wi-HLJ-BDH-2 and PVYNTN-NW-INM-W-369-12 are henceforth designated as BDH and 369, respectively. In total, 806 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected between the Control and JZ (preinfected with BDH and challenge with 369) treatment. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that the response to external biological stimulation, signal transduction, kinase, immunity, redox pathways were significantly enriched. Among these pathways, we identified numerous differentially expressed metabolites related to virus infection. Moreover, our data also identified a small set of genes that likely play important roles in the establishment of cross-protection. Specifically, we observed significant differential expression of the A1-II gamma-like gene, elongation factor 1-alpha-like gene, and subtilisin-like protease StSBT1.7 gene, with StSBT1.7 being the most significant in our transcriptome data. These genes can stimulate the expression of defense plant genes, induce plant chemical defense, and participate in the induction of trauma and pathogenic bacteria. Our findings provided insights into the mechanisms underlying the ability of mild viruses to protect host plants against subsequent closely related virus infection in Solanum tuberosum L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Shangwu Liu
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yanling Gao
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanju Huang
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xianzhou Nie
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Yanju Bai
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.
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Paluchowska P, Lim Rossmann S, Lysøe E, Janiszewska M, Michalak K, Heydarnajad Giglou R, Torabi Giglou M, Brurberg MB, Śliwka J, Yin Z. Diversity of the Ry sto gene conferring resistance to potato virus Y in wild relatives of potato. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:375. [PMID: 38714928 PMCID: PMC11077776 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Potato virus Y (PVY) is among the economically most damaging viral pathogen in production of potato (Solanum tuberosum) worldwide. The gene Rysto derived from the wild potato relative Solanum stoloniferum confers extreme resistance to PVY. RESULTS The presence and diversity of Rysto were investigated in wild relatives of potato (298 genotypes representing 29 accessions of 26 tuber-bearing Solanum species) using PacBio amplicon sequencing. A total of 55 unique Rysto-like sequences were identified in 72 genotypes representing 12 accessions of 10 Solanum species and six resistant controls (potato cultivars Alicja, Bzura, Hinga, Nimfy, White Lady and breeding line PW363). The 55 Rysto-like sequences showed 89.87 to 99.98% nucleotide identity to the Rysto reference gene, and these encoded in total 45 unique protein sequences. While Rysto-like26 identified in Alicja, Bzura, White Lady and Rysto-like16 in PW363 encode a protein identical to the Rysto reference, the remaining 44 predicted Rysto-like proteins were 65.93 to 99.92% identical to the reference. Higher levels of diversity of the Rysto-like sequences were found in the wild relatives of potato than in the resistant control cultivars. The TIR and NB-ARC domains were the most conserved within the Rysto-like proteins, while the LRR and C-JID domains were more variable. Several Solanum species, including S. antipoviczii and S. hougasii, showed resistance to PVY. This study demonstrated Hyoscyamus niger, a Solanaceae species distantly related to Solanum, as a host of PVY. CONCLUSIONS The new Rysto-like variants and the identified PVY resistant potato genotypes are potential resistance sources against PVY in potato breeding. Identification of H. niger as a host for PVY is important for cultivation of this plant, studies on the PVY management, its ecology, and migrations. The amplicon sequencing based on PacBio SMRT and the following data analysis pipeline described in our work may be applied to obtain the nucleotide sequences and analyze any full-length genes from any, even polyploid, organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Paluchowska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute (IHAR-PIB) in Radzików, Młochów Division, Platanowa St. 19, Młochów, 05-831, Poland
| | - Simeon Lim Rossmann
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
- Division of Biotechnology and Plant Health, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway
| | - Erik Lysøe
- Division of Biotechnology and Plant Health, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway
| | - Marta Janiszewska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute (IHAR-PIB) in Radzików, Młochów Division, Platanowa St. 19, Młochów, 05-831, Poland
| | - Krystyna Michalak
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute (IHAR-PIB) in Radzików, Młochów Division, Platanowa St. 19, Młochów, 05-831, Poland
| | - Rasoul Heydarnajad Giglou
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367, Iran
| | - Mousa Torabi Giglou
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367, Iran
| | - May Bente Brurberg
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
- Division of Biotechnology and Plant Health, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway
| | - Jadwiga Śliwka
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute (IHAR-PIB) in Radzików, Młochów Division, Platanowa St. 19, Młochów, 05-831, Poland
| | - Zhimin Yin
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute (IHAR-PIB) in Radzików, Młochów Division, Platanowa St. 19, Młochów, 05-831, Poland.
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Shang K, Wang R, Cao W, Wang X, Wang Y, Shi Z, Liu H, Zhou S, Zhu X, Zhu C. Abscisic-acid-responsive StlncRNA13558 induces StPRL expression to increase potato resistance to Phytophthora infestans infection. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1338062. [PMID: 38504894 PMCID: PMC10948444 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1338062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is one of the most serious diseases affecting potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts with a length of more than 200 nucleotides that have no protein-coding potential. Few studies have been conducted on lncRNAs related to plant immune regulation in plants, and the molecular mechanisms involved in this regulation require further investigation. We identified and screened an lncRNA that specifically responds to P. infestans infection, namely, StlncRNA13558. P. infestans infection activates the abscisic acid (ABA) pathway, and ABA induces StlncRNA13558 to enhance potato resistance to P. infestans. StlncRNA13558 positively regulates the expression of its co-expressed PR-related gene StPRL. StPRL promotes the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and transmits a resistance response by affecting the salicylic acid hormone pathway, thereby enhancing potato resistance to P. infestans. In summary, we identified the potato late blight resistance lncRNA StlncRNA13558 and revealed its upstream and downstream regulatory relationship of StlncRNA13558. These results improve our understanding of plant-pathogen interactions' immune mechanism and elucidate the response mechanism of lncRNA-target genes regulating potato resistance to P. infestans infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijie Shang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Ruolin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Weilin Cao
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xipan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenting Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Shumei Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Changxiang Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
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5
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Ivanov PA, Gasanova TV, Repina MN, Zamyatnin AA. Signaling and Resistosome Formation in Plant Innate Immunity to Viruses: Is There a Common Mechanism of Antiviral Resistance Conserved across Kingdoms? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13625. [PMID: 37686431 PMCID: PMC10487714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Virus-specific proteins, including coat proteins, movement proteins, replication proteins, and suppressors of RNA interference are capable of triggering the hypersensitive response (HR), which is a type of cell death in plants. The main cell death signaling pathway involves direct interaction of HR-inducing proteins with nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeats (NLR) proteins encoded by plant resistance genes. Singleton NLR proteins act as both sensor and helper. In other cases, NLR proteins form an activation network leading to their oligomerization and formation of membrane-associated resistosomes, similar to metazoan inflammasomes and apoptosomes. In resistosomes, coiled-coil domains of NLR proteins form Ca2+ channels, while toll-like/interleukin-1 receptor-type (TIR) domains form oligomers that display NAD+ glycohydrolase (NADase) activity. This review is intended to highlight the current knowledge on plant innate antiviral defense signaling pathways in an attempt to define common features of antiviral resistance across the kingdoms of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Ivanov
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia; (P.A.I.); (T.V.G.); (M.N.R.)
| | - Tatiana V. Gasanova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia; (P.A.I.); (T.V.G.); (M.N.R.)
| | - Maria N. Repina
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia; (P.A.I.); (T.V.G.); (M.N.R.)
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius 354340, Krasnodar Region, Russia
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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6
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Ospankulova G, Khassanov V, Kamanova S, Toimbayeva D, Saduakhasova S, Bulashev B, Aidarkhanova G, Yermekov Y, Murat L, Shaimenova B, Muratkhan M, Li W. Effect of infection of potato plants by Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato virus S (PVS), and Potato virus M (PVM) on content and physicochemical properties of tuber starch. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:4002-4009. [PMID: 37457165 PMCID: PMC10345660 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato virus S (PVS), and Potato virus M (PVM) infection of potato plants leads to decreased dry matter and starch content in tubers. Starch samples from potato tubers infected with PVY, PVS, and PVM had higher amylose content. Granules of starch isolated from potato tubers infected by PVS exhibit larger granules than starch granules isolated from tubers of healthy plants. In contrast, in the case of PVM and PVY infection, starch granules were significantly smaller in diameter. A decrease in the degree of crystallinity has been observed in all samples of starches obtained from the tubers of infected plants compared to starch isolated from tubers of healthy plants. A slight decrease in gelatinization temperature was noted for starch samples isolated from tubers infected by PVY and PVM, and a slight increase in gelatinization temperature for starch samples isolated from tubers infected by PVS compared to starch isolated from tubers of healthy plants. In all samples of starch obtained from tubers of infected plants, an increase in the value of gelatinization enthalpy was observed. Thus, it can be concluded that damage to potato plants by PVM and PVY leads to a significant decrease in the quality of starch in tubers. At the same time, infection by PVS had practically no considerable effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulnazym Ospankulova
- Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, Technical FacultySaken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical UniversityNur‐SultanKazakhstan
| | - Vadim Khassanov
- Department of Biology, Plant Protection and Quarantine, Agronomic FacultySaken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical UniversityAstanaKazakhstan
| | - Svetlana Kamanova
- Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, Technical FacultySaken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical UniversityNur‐SultanKazakhstan
- Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing in Universities of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Science and EngineeringNorthwest A&FYanglingChina
| | - Dana Toimbayeva
- Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, Technical FacultySaken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical UniversityNur‐SultanKazakhstan
| | - Saule Saduakhasova
- Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, Technical FacultySaken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical UniversityNur‐SultanKazakhstan
| | - Berdibek Bulashev
- Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, Technical FacultySaken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical UniversityNur‐SultanKazakhstan
| | - Gulnar Aidarkhanova
- Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, Technical FacultySaken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical UniversityNur‐SultanKazakhstan
| | - Yernaz Yermekov
- Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, Technical FacultySaken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical UniversityNur‐SultanKazakhstan
| | - Linara Murat
- Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, Technical FacultySaken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical UniversityNur‐SultanKazakhstan
| | - Bakhyt Shaimenova
- Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, Technical FacultySaken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical UniversityNur‐SultanKazakhstan
| | - Marat Muratkhan
- Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, Technical FacultySaken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical UniversityNur‐SultanKazakhstan
- Department of Food Production Technology and Biotechnology, The Engineering–Technological FacultyShakarim UniversitySemeyKazakhstan
| | - Wenhao Li
- Engineering Research Center of Grain and Oil Functionalized Processing in Universities of Shaanxi Province, College of Food Science and EngineeringNorthwest A&FYanglingChina
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Parveen S, Khan A, Jahan N, Aaliya K, Muzaffar A, Tabassum B, Inayatullah S, Moeezullah S, Tariq M, Rehmat Z, Ali N, Hussain A. Expression of Chitinase and shRNA Gene Exhibits Resistance to Fungi and Virus. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051090. [PMID: 37239450 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing global population, saving crops from diseases caused by different kinds of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes is essential. Potato is affected by various diseases, destroying many crops in the field and storage. In this study, we developed potato lines resistant to fungi and viruses, Potato Virus X (PVX) and Potato Virus Y (PVY), by inoculating chitinase for fungi and shRNA designed against the mRNA of the coat protein of PVX and PVY, respectively. The construct was developed using the pCAMBIA2301 vector and transformed into AGB-R (red skin) potato cultivar using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The crude protein extract of the transgenic potato plant inhibited the growth of Fusarium oxysporum from ~13 to 63%. The detached leaf assay of the transgenic line (SP-21) showed decreased necrotic spots compared to the non-transgenic control when challenged with Fusarium oxysporum. The transgenic line, SP-21, showed maximum knockdown when challenged with PVX and PVY, i.e., 89 and 86%, while transgenic line SP-148 showed 68 and 70% knockdown in the PVX- and PVY-challenged conditions, respectively. It is concluded from this study that the developed transgenic potato cultivar AGB-R showed resistance against fungi and viruses (PVX and PVY).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Parveen
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Nusrat Jahan
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Khadija Aaliya
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Muzaffar
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Tabassum
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Inayatullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Syed Moeezullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Zainia Rehmat
- Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University Balochistan, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Niaz Ali
- Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Abrar Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
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8
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Liu J, Yue J, Wang H, Xie L, Zhao Y, Zhao M, Zhou H. Strategies for Engineering Virus Resistance in Potato. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091736. [PMID: 37176794 PMCID: PMC10180755 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important vegetable crop that plays a pivotal role in the world, especially given its potential to feed the world population and to act as the major staple food in many developing countries. Every year, significant crop loss is caused by viral diseases due to a lack of effective agrochemical treatments, since only transmission by insect vectors can be combated with the use of insecticides, and this has been an important factor hindering potato production. With the rapid development of molecular biology and plant genetic engineering technology, transgenic approaches and non-transgenic techniques (RNA interference and CRISPR-cas9) have been effectively employed to improve potato protection against devastating viruses. Moreover, the availability of viral sequences, potato genome sequences, and host immune mechanisms has remarkably facilitated potato genetic engineering. In this study, we summarize the progress of antiviral strategies applied in potato through engineering either virus-derived or plant-derived genes. These recent molecular insights into engineering approaches provide the necessary framework to develop viral resistance in potato in order to provide durable and broad-spectrum protection against important viral diseases of solanaceous crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiecai Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Jianying Yue
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Haijuan Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Lingtai Xie
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Yuanzheng Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Mingmin Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Hongyou Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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9
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Mondal S, Wintermantel WM, Gray SM. Infection Dynamics of Potato Virus Y Isolate Combinations in Three Potato Cultivars. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:157-166. [PMID: 35657714 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-21-1980-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The United States potato industry has recently experienced a strain shift; recombinant potato virus Y (PVY) strains (e.g., PVYNTN) have emerged as the predominant strains over the long dominant ordinary strain (PVYO), yet both are often found as single infections within the same field and as mixed infections within individual plants. To understand mixed infection dynamics in potato plants and in daughter tubers, three potato varieties varying for PVY resistance, 'Red Maria', 'CalWhite', and 'Pike', were mechanically inoculated either at the pre- or postflowering stage with all possible heterologous isolate combinations of two PVYO and two PVYNTN isolates. Virus titer was determined from leaves collected at different positions on the plant at different times, and tuber-borne infection was determined for two successive generations. PVYNTN accumulated to higher levels than PVYO at nearly all sampling time points in 'Pike' potato. However, both virus strains accumulated to similar amounts in 'Red Maria' and 'CalWhite' potato early in the infection when inoculated preflowering; however, PVYNTN dominated at later stages and in plants inoculated postflowering. Regardless of inoculation time, both virus strains were transmitted to daughter plants raised from the tubers for most isolate combinations. The relative titer of PVYNTN and PVYO isolates at the later stages of mother plant development was indicative of what was found in the daughter plants. Although virus titer differed among cultivars depending on their genetics and virus isolates, it did not change the strain outcome in tuber-borne infection in subsequent generations. Differential virus accumulation in these cultivars suggests isolate-specific resistance to PVY accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaonpius Mondal
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
- USDA-ARS, Crop Improvement and Protection Research Unit, Salinas, CA 93905
| | | | - Stewart M Gray
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
- USDA-ARS, Emerging Pests and Pathogen Research Unit and Plant Pathology, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
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10
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Bhoi TK, Samal I, Majhi PK, Komal J, Mahanta DK, Pradhan AK, Saini V, Nikhil Raj M, Ahmad MA, Behera PP, Ashwini M. Insight into aphid mediated Potato Virus Y transmission: A molecular to bioinformatics prospective. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1001454. [PMID: 36504828 PMCID: PMC9729956 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1001454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Potato, the world's most popular crop is reported to provide a food source for nearly a billion people. It is prone to a number of biotic stressors that affect yield and quality, out of which Potato Virus Y (PVY) occupies the top position. PVY can be transmitted mechanically and by sap-feeding aphid vectors. The application of insecticide causes an increase in the resistant vector population along with detrimental effects on the environment; genetic resistance and vector-virus control are the two core components for controlling the deadly PVY. Using transcriptomic tools together with differential gene expression and gene discovery, several loci and genes associated with PVY resistance have been widely identified. To combat this virus we must increase our understanding on the molecular response of the PVY-potato plant-aphid interaction and knowledge of genome organization, as well as the function of PVY encoded proteins, genetic diversity, the molecular aspects of PVY transmission by aphids, and transcriptome profiling of PVY infected potato cultivars. Techniques such as molecular and bioinformatics tools can identify and monitor virus transmission. Several studies have been conducted to understand the molecular basis of PVY resistance/susceptibility interactions and their impact on PVY epidemiology by studying the interrelationship between the virus, its vector, and the host plant. This review presents current knowledge of PVY transmission, epidemiology, genome organization, molecular to bioinformatics responses, and its effective management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmaya Kumar Bhoi
- Forest Protection Division, ICFRE-Arid Forest Research Institute (AFRI), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ipsita Samal
- Department of Entomology, Sri Sri University, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Majhi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - J. Komal
- Department of Entomology, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India,J. Komal
| | - Deepak Kumar Mahanta
- Department of Entomology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, India,*Correspondence: Deepak Kumar Mahanta
| | - Asit Kumar Pradhan
- Social Science Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute (NRRI), Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Varun Saini
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - M. Nikhil Raj
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Abbas Ahmad
- Department of Entomology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, India
| | | | - Mangali Ashwini
- Department of Entomology, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India
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11
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Křížkovská B, Viktorová J, Lipov J. Approved Genetically Modified Potatoes ( Solanum tuberosum) for Improved Stress Resistance and Food Safety. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11833-11843. [PMID: 36103343 PMCID: PMC9524371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) are one of the most important crops worldwide. However, its production and nutrient content are endangered by both biotic and abiotic stresses. The main yield losses are caused by pest damage (e.g., Colorado potato beetle and aphids), virus disease (e.g., Potato leafroll virus and Potato viruses Y and X), or oomycete pathogens (like Phytophthora infestans), which also significantly affect the production of antinutrients and toxic metabolites of plants. Therefore, the use of genetic engineering could be an efficient tool, not harmful to the environment, and beneficial to the consumer. In this review, we focus on the main sources of problems in the field of potato production according to approved genetic modifications, their traditional solution and positive impact of gene transfection reducing economic losses, use of insecticides, and improving the nutritional properties of potatoes. We summarize all transgenic events that have been performed on potatoes and have been approved for cultivation and/or direct use or processing as feed or food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bára Křížkovská
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Viktorová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Lipov
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
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12
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Farooq T, Hussain MD, Shakeel MT, Riaz H, Waheed U, Siddique M, Shahzadi I, Aslam MN, Tang Y, She X, He Z. Global genetic diversity and evolutionary patterns among Potato leafroll virus populations. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1022016. [PMID: 36590416 PMCID: PMC9801716 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1022016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) is a widespread and one of the most damaging viral pathogens causing significant quantitative and qualitative losses in potato worldwide. The current knowledge of the geographical distribution, standing genetic diversity and the evolutionary patterns existing among global PLRV populations is limited. Here, we employed several bioinformatics tools and comprehensively analyzed the diversity, genomic variability, and the dynamics of key evolutionary factors governing the global spread of this viral pathogen. To date, a total of 84 full-genomic sequences of PLRV isolates have been reported from 22 countries with most genomes documented from Kenya. Among all PLRV-encoded major proteins, RTD and P0 displayed the highest level of nucleotide variability. The highest percentage of mutations were associated with RTD (38.81%) and P1 (31.66%) in the coding sequences. We detected a total of 10 significantly supported recombination events while the most frequently detected ones were associated with PLRV genome sequences reported from Kenya. Notably, the distribution patterns of recombination breakpoints across different genomic regions of PLRV isolates remained variable. Further analysis revealed that with exception of a few positively selected codons, a major part of the PLRV genome is evolving under strong purifying selection. Protein disorder prediction analysis revealed that CP-RTD had the highest percentage (48%) of disordered amino acids and the majority (27%) of disordered residues were positioned at the C-terminus. These findings will extend our current knowledge of the PLRV geographical prevalence, genetic diversity, and evolutionary factors that are presumably shaping the global spread and successful adaptation of PLRV as a destructive potato pathogen to geographically isolated regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Farooq
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Protection Research Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Dilshad Hussain
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology, and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Taimoor Shakeel
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture & Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hasan Riaz
- Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ummara Waheed
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Maria Siddique
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Irum Shahzadi
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed Aslam
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture & Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Yafei Tang
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Protection Research Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoman She
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Protection Research Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoman She, ; Zifu He,
| | - Zifu He
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Protection Research Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoman She, ; Zifu He,
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13
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Xu L, Zhang W, Gao Y, Meng F, Nie X, Bai Y. Potato Virus Y Strain N-Wi Offers Cross-Protection in Potato Against Strain NTN-NW by Superior Competition. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:1566-1572. [PMID: 35072502 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-21-2539-sc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Potato virus Y (PVY) is one of the most economically important pathogens of potato. PVY exhibits different phenotypes in dissimilar potato cultivars. Previously, we observed that two recombinant isolates, PVYN-Wi-HLJ-BDH-2 (BDH) and PVYNTN-NW(SYR-II)-INM-W-369-12 (369), exhibited different virulence levels in potato cultivar Kexin 13 despite high genome sequence identity. Indeed, 369 induced severe necrosis and plant death in severe cases in Kexin 13 and severe mosaic in cultivar Yanshu 8, whereas BDH caused mainly mosaic symptoms on the plants of both cultivars. We hypothesized that preinfection of plants with BDH could cross-protect them from 369 infection, and not vice versa. Challenge inoculation, either by mechanical wounding or through grafting, with 369 on plants that were preinfected with BDH did not augment the symptom expression in both cultivars. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR analysis showed that, after challenge inoculation with 369, the titer of the isolate on BDH-preinfected plants remained at a low level (about 3 × 104 copy/µl) during the tested time course (0 h to 30 days). In contrast, in plants that were preinoculated with buffer (mock) and challenge inoculated with 369, the titer of 369 increased continuously until reaching its highest level of about 2 × 107 (Yanshu 8) and about 4 × 108 (Kexin 13) during the time course. Surprisingly, in plants that were preinfected with 369 and challenge inoculated with BDH, the accumulation of BDH reached nearly the same level as that in plants that were preinoculated with buffer and challenge inoculated with BDH. Taken together, these results suggest that PVYN-Wi mediated cross-protection against PVYNTN-NW(SYR-II) by superior competition and better fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Xu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yanling Gao
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Fanjuan Meng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xianzhou Nie
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, NB E3B 0E2, Canada
| | - Yanju Bai
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
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14
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Chen R, Tu Z, He C, Nie X, Li K, Fei S, Song B, Nie B, Xie C. Susceptibility factor StEXA1 interacts with StnCBP to facilitate potato virus Y accumulation through the stress granule-dependent RNA regulatory pathway in potato. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac159. [PMID: 36204208 PMCID: PMC9531334 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant viruses recruit multiple host factors for translation, replication, and movement in the infection process. The loss-of-function mutation of the susceptibility genes will lead to the loss of susceptibility to viruses, which is referred to as 'recessive resistance'. Essential for potexvirus Accumulation 1 (EXA1) has been identified as a susceptibility gene required for potexvirus, lolavirus, and bacterial and oomycete pathogens. In this study, EXA1 knockdown in potato (StEXA1) was found to confer novel resistance to potato virus Y (PVY, potyvirus) in a strain-specific manner. It significantly compromised PVYO accumulation but not PVYN:O and PVYNTN. Further analysis revealed that StEXA1 is associated with the HC-Pro of PVY through a member of eIF4Es (StnCBP). HC-ProO and HC-ProN, two HC-Pro proteins from PVYO and PVYN, exhibited strong and weak interactions with StnCBP, respectively, due to their different spatial conformation. Moreover, the accumulation of PVYO was mainly dependent on the stress granules (SGs) induced by StEXA1 and StnCBP, whereas PVYN:O and PVYNTN could induce SGs by HC-ProN independently through an unknown mechanism. These results could explain why StEXA1 or StnCBP knockdown conferred resistance to PVYO but not to PVYN:O and PVYNTN. In summary, our results for the first time demonstrate that EXA1 can act as a susceptibility gene for PVY infection. Finally, a hypothetical model was proposed for understanding the mechanism by which StEXA1 interacts with StnCBP to facilitate PVY accumulation in potato through the SG-dependent RNA regulatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- ERC for Germplasm Innovation and New Variety Breeding of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhen Tu
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Changzheng He
- ERC for Germplasm Innovation and New Variety Breeding of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xianzhou Nie
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 4Z7,
Canada
| | - Kun Li
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sitian Fei
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | | | - Conghua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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15
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Huang W, Nie B, Tu Z, Li C, Murphy A, Singh M, Song B, Zhang S, Xie C, Nie X. Extreme Resistance to Potato Virus A in Potato Cultivar Barbara is Independently Mediated by Ra and Rysto. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:3344-3348. [PMID: 34096772 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-21-0233-sc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Potato virus A (PVA) and potato virus Y (PVY) are two members of genus Potyvirus infecting potato crops worldwide. Host resistance offers an economical and effective means for the control or management of these viruses. In this study, 20 potato clones were screened for their resistance against PVA and PVY by mechanical or graft inoculation assay, and were explored for the relationship between extreme resistance genes Ra and Ry by the detection of molecular markers linked to Ryadg, Rysto, and Rychc. Six clones, including Barbara, Jizhangshu 8, Longshu 7, Longshu 8, M6, and Solara, were found to be extremely resistant to both PVA and PVY; three clones (AC142, Eshu 3, and Shepody) were deemed to be extremely resistant to PVA but susceptible to PVY. To further reveal the inheritance of the extreme resistance (ER) against PVA, a tetraploid F1 population of Barbara × F58050 (susceptible to both PVY and PVA) and a tetraploid BC1 population of BF145 (a PVA-resistant but PVY-susceptible progeny of Barbara × F58050) × F58050 were obtained. Phenotyping of the F1 and BC1 populations by graft inoculation with PVA showed segregation ratios of 3:1 and 1:1 (resistant:susceptible), respectively. These results suggest that two independent loci control ER against PVA in Barbara: one confers ER to both PVA and PVY and the other confers ER to PVA only. The deduced genotype of Barbara is RyryryryRararara.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bihua Nie
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhen Tu
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Agnes Murphy
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - Mathuresh Singh
- Agricultural Certification Services, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 8B7, Canada
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Institute for Plant Protection & Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xianzhou Nie
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 4Z7, Canada
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16
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Modulation of Expression of PVY NTN RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (NIb) and Heat Shock Cognate Host Protein HSC70 in Susceptible and Hypersensitive Potato Cultivars. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9111254. [PMID: 34835185 PMCID: PMC8619674 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Potato virus Y (PVY) belongs to the genus Potyvirus and is considered to be one of the most harmful and important plant pathogens. Its RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is known as nuclear inclusion protein b (NIb). The recent findings show that the genome of PVY replicates in the cytoplasm of the plant cell by binding the virus replication complex to the membranous structures of different organelles. In some potyviruses, NIb has been found to be localized in the nucleus and associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Moreover, NIb has been shown to interact with other host proteins that are particularly involved in promoting the virus infection cycle, such as the heat shock proteins (HSPs). HSP70 is the most conserved among the five major HSP families that are known to affect the plant-pathogen interactions. Some plant viruses can induce the production of HSP70 during the development of infection. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the interactive response to PVYNTN (necrotic tuber necrosis strain of PVY), the present study focused on StHSC70-8 and PVYNTN-NIb gene expression via localization of HSC70 and NIb proteins during compatible (susceptible) and incompatible (hypersensitive) potato-PVYNTN interactions. Our results demonstrate that NIb and HSC70 are involved in the response to PVYNTN infections and probably cooperate at some stages of the virus infection cycle. Enhanced deposition of HSC70 proteins during the infection cycle was associated with the dynamic induction of PVYNTN-NIb gene expression and NIb localization during susceptible infections. In hypersensitive response (HR), a significant increase in HSC70 expression was observed up to 3 days post-inoculation (dpi) in the nucleus and chloroplasts. Thereafter, between 3 and 21 dpi, the deposition of NIb decreased, which can be attributed to a reduction in the levels of both virus accumulation and PVYNTN-NIb gene expression. Therefore, we postulate that increase in the expression of both StHSC70-8 and PVYNTN-NIb induces the PVY infection during susceptible infections. In contrast, during HRs, HSC70 cooperates with PVYNTN only at the early stages of interaction and mediates the defense response signaling pathway at the later stages of infection.
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17
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Cao W, Gan L, Shang K, Wang C, Song Y, Liu H, Zhou S, Zhu C. Global transcriptome analyses reveal the molecular signatures in the early response of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) to Phytophthora infestans, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Potato virus Y infection. PLANTA 2020; 252:57. [PMID: 32955625 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03471-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Specific and common genes including transcription factors, resistance genes and pathways were significantly induced in potato by Phytophthora infestans, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Potato virus Y infection. The three major pathogens, namely, Phytophthora infestans, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Potato virus Y, can cause late blight, bacterial wilt, and necrotic ringspot, respectively, and thus severely reduce the yield and quality of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.). This study was the first to systematically analyze the relationship between transcriptome alterations in potato infected by these pathogens at the early stages. A total of 75,500 unigenes were identified, and 44,008 were annotated into 5 databases, namely, non-redundant (NR), Swiss-Prot protein, clusters of orthologous groups for eukaryotic complete genomes (KOG), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. A total of 6945 resistance genes and 11,878 transcription factors (TFs) were identified from all transcriptome data. Differential expression analysis revealed that 13,032 (9490 specifics), 9877 (6423 specifics), and 6661 (4144 specifics) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were generated from comparisons of the P. infestans/control (Pi vs. Pi-CK), R. solanacearum/control (Rs vs. Rs-CK), and PVY/control (PVY vs. PVY-CK) treatments, respectively. The specific DEGs from the 3 comparisons were assigned to 13 common pathways, such as biosynthesis of amino acids, plant hormone signal transduction, carbon metabolism, and starch and sucrose metabolism. Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified many hub unigenes, of which several unigenes were reported to regulate plant immune responses, such as FLAGELLIN-SENSITIVE 2 and chitinases. The present study provide crucial systems-level insights into the relationship between transcriptome changes in potato infected with the three pathogens. Moreover, this study presents a theoretical basis for breeding broad-spectrum and specific pathogen-resistant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Liming Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Kaijie Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Yunzhi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Shumei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Changxiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China.
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18
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Grech-Baran M, Witek K, Szajko K, Witek AI, Morgiewicz K, Wasilewicz-Flis I, Jakuczun H, Marczewski W, Jones JDG, Hennig J. Extreme resistance to Potato virus Y in potato carrying the Ry sto gene is mediated by a TIR-NLR immune receptor. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020. [PMID: 31397954 DOI: 10.1101/445031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Potato virus Y (PVY) is a major potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) pathogen that causes severe annual crop losses worth billions of dollars worldwide. PVY is transmitted by aphids, and successful control of virus transmission requires the extensive use of environmentally damaging insecticides to reduce vector populations. Rysto , from the wild relative S. stoloniferum, confers extreme resistance (ER) to PVY and related viruses and is a valuable trait that is widely employed in potato resistance breeding programmes. Rysto was previously mapped to a region of potato chromosome XII, but the specific gene has not been identified to date. In this study, we isolated Rysto using resistance gene enrichment sequencing (RenSeq) and PacBio SMRT (Pacific Biosciences single-molecule real-time sequencing). Rysto was found to encode a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein with an N-terminal TIR domain and was sufficient for PVY perception and ER in transgenic potato plants. Rysto -dependent extreme resistance was temperature-independent and requires EDS1 and NRG1 proteins. Rysto may prove valuable for creating PVY-resistant cultivars of potato and other Solanaceae crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Grech-Baran
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Witek
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Katarzyna Szajko
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Młochów, Poland
| | | | - Karolina Morgiewicz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Wasilewicz-Flis
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Młochów, Poland
| | - Henryka Jakuczun
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Młochów, Poland
| | - Waldemar Marczewski
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Młochów, Poland
| | | | - Jacek Hennig
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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19
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Torrance L, Cowan GH, McLean K, MacFarlane S, Al-Abedy AN, Armstrong M, Lim TY, Hein I, Bryan GJ. Natural resistance to Potato virus Y in Solanum tuberosum Group Phureja. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2020; 133:967-980. [PMID: 31950199 PMCID: PMC7021755 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Novel major gene resistance against Potato virus Y in diploid populations of Solanum tuberosum Groups Phureja and Tuberosum was biologically and genetically characterised. Named Ry(o)phu, it mapped to chromosome 9. A new source of genetic resistance derived from Solanum tuberosum Group Phureja against Potato virus Y (PVY) was identified and genetically characterised in three diploid biparental potato populations. Segregation data for two populations (05H1 and 08H1) suggested the presence of a single dominant gene for resistance to PVY which, following DaRT analysis of the 08H1 cross, was mapped to chromosome 9. More detailed genetic analysis of resistance utilised a well-characterised SNP-linkage map for the 06H1 population, together with newly generated marker data. In these plants, which have both S. tuberosum Group Phureja and S. tuberosum Group Tuberosum in their pedigree, the resistance was shown to map to chromosome 9 at a locus not previously associated with PVY resistance, although there is evidence for at least one other genetic factor controlling PVY infection. The resistance factor location on chromosome 9 (named as Ry(o)phu) suggests a potential role of NB-LRR genes in this resistance. Phenotypic analysis using a GUS-tagged virus revealed that a small amount of PVY replication occurred in occasional groups of epidermal cells in inoculated leaves of resistant plants, without inducing any visible hypersensitive response. However, the virus did not enter the vascular system and systemic spread was completely prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley Torrance
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.
- The School of Biology, The University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Graham H Cowan
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Karen McLean
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | | | - Aqeel N Al-Abedy
- Plant Protection Department, College of Agriculture, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
| | - Miles Armstrong
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Tze-Yin Lim
- Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Ingo Hein
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
- Division of Plant Sciences at the James Hutton Institute, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Glenn J Bryan
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.
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20
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Grech‐Baran M, Witek K, Szajko K, Witek AI, Morgiewicz K, Wasilewicz‐Flis I, Jakuczun H, Marczewski W, Jones JDG, Hennig J. Extreme resistance to Potato virus Y in potato carrying the Ry sto gene is mediated by a TIR-NLR immune receptor. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:655-667. [PMID: 31397954 PMCID: PMC7004898 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Potato virus Y (PVY) is a major potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) pathogen that causes severe annual crop losses worth billions of dollars worldwide. PVY is transmitted by aphids, and successful control of virus transmission requires the extensive use of environmentally damaging insecticides to reduce vector populations. Rysto , from the wild relative S. stoloniferum, confers extreme resistance (ER) to PVY and related viruses and is a valuable trait that is widely employed in potato resistance breeding programmes. Rysto was previously mapped to a region of potato chromosome XII, but the specific gene has not been identified to date. In this study, we isolated Rysto using resistance gene enrichment sequencing (RenSeq) and PacBio SMRT (Pacific Biosciences single-molecule real-time sequencing). Rysto was found to encode a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein with an N-terminal TIR domain and was sufficient for PVY perception and ER in transgenic potato plants. Rysto -dependent extreme resistance was temperature-independent and requires EDS1 and NRG1 proteins. Rysto may prove valuable for creating PVY-resistant cultivars of potato and other Solanaceae crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Grech‐Baran
- Institute of Biochemistry and BiophysicsPolish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
| | - Kamil Witek
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
| | - Katarzyna Szajko
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute‐National Research InstituteMłochówPoland
| | | | - Karolina Morgiewicz
- Institute of Biochemistry and BiophysicsPolish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
| | - Iwona Wasilewicz‐Flis
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute‐National Research InstituteMłochówPoland
| | - Henryka Jakuczun
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute‐National Research InstituteMłochówPoland
| | - Waldemar Marczewski
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute‐National Research InstituteMłochówPoland
| | | | - Jacek Hennig
- Institute of Biochemistry and BiophysicsPolish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
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21
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Baebler Š, Coll A, Gruden K. Plant Molecular Responses to Potato Virus Y: A Continuum of Outcomes from Sensitivity and Tolerance to Resistance. Viruses 2020; 12:E217. [PMID: 32075268 PMCID: PMC7077201 DOI: 10.3390/v12020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Potato virus Y (PVY) is the most economically important virus affecting potato production. PVY manipulates the plant cell machinery in order to successfully complete the infecting cycle. On the other side, the plant activates a sophisticated multilayer immune defense response to combat viral infection. The balance between these mechanisms, depending on the plant genotype and environment, results in a specific outcome that can be resistance, sensitivity, or tolerance. In this review, we summarize and compare the current knowledge on molecular events, leading to different phenotypic outcomes in response to PVY and try to link them with the known molecular mechanisms.
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22
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Deja-Sikora E, Kowalczyk A, Trejgell A, Szmidt-Jaworska A, Baum C, Mercy L, Hrynkiewicz K. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Changes the Impact of Potato Virus Y on Growth and Stress Tolerance of Solanum tuberosum L. in vitro. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:2971. [PMID: 32010078 PMCID: PMC6974554 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Under the field conditions crop plants interact with diverse microorganisms. These include beneficial (symbiotic) and phytopathogenic microorganisms, which jointly affect growth and productivity of the plants. In last decades, production of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) suffers from increased incidence of potato virus Y (PVY), which is one of most important potato pests. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are common symbionts of potato, however the impact of mycorrhizal symbiosis on the progression of PVY-induced disease is scarcely known. Therefore, in the present study we investigated the effect of joint PVY infection and mycorrhizal colonization by Rhizophagus irregularis on growth traits of the host potato plant (cv. Pirol). The tested PVY isolate belonged to N-Wilga strain group, which is considered to be predominant in Europe and many other parts of the world. The viral particles were concentrated in the leaves, but decreased the root growth. Furthermore, the infection with PVY evoked prolonged oxidative stress reflected by increased level of endogenous H2O2. AMF alleviated oxidative stress in PVY-infected host plants by a substantial decrease in the level of shoot- and root-derived H2O2, but still caused asymptomatic growth depression. It was assumed that mycorrhizal symbiosis of potato might mask infection by PVY in field observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Deja-Sikora
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.,Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Anita Kowalczyk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Alina Trejgell
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska
- Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Christel Baum
- Chair of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Katarzyna Hrynkiewicz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.,Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
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23
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Chowdhury RN, Lasky D, Karki H, Zhang Z, Goyer A, Halterman D, Rakotondrafara AM. HCPro Suppression of Callose Deposition Contributes to Strain-Specific Resistance Against Potato Virus Y. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2020; 110:164-173. [PMID: 31532352 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-07-19-0229-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Potato virus Y (PVY; Potyviridae) is a continuing challenge for potato production owing to the increasing popularity of strain-specific resistant cultivars. Hypersensitive resistance (HR) is one type of plant defense responses to restrict virus spread. In many potato cultivars, such as cultivar Premier Russet (PR), local necrosis at the site of infection protects against the most common PVYO strain, but the HR often fails to restrain necrotic strains, which spread systemically. Here, we established the role of callose accumulation in the strain-specific resistance responses to PVY infection. We first uncovered that PVY, independent of the strain, is naturally capable of suppressing pathogenesis-related callose formation in a susceptible host. Such activity can be dissociated from viral replication by the transient expression of the viral-encoded helper component proteinase (HCPro) protein, identifying it as the pathogen elicitor. However, unlike the necrotic strain, PVYO and its corresponding HCPro are unable to block callose accumulation in resistant PR potatoes, in which we observed an abundance of callose deposition and the inability of the virus to spread. The substitution of eight amino acid residues within the HCPro C-terminal region that differ between PVYO and PVYN strains and were previously shown to be responsible for eliciting the HR response, are sufficient to restore the ability of HCProO to suppress callose accumulation, despite the resistant host background, in line with a new viral function in pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawnaq N Chowdhury
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
| | - Danny Lasky
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
| | - Hari Karki
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
| | - Zongying Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Aymeric Goyer
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, Hermiston, OR 97838, U.S.A
| | - Dennis Halterman
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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24
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Kong HG, Shin TS, Kim TH, Ryu CM. Stereoisomers of the Bacterial Volatile Compound 2,3-Butanediol Differently Elicit Systemic Defense Responses of Pepper against Multiple Viruses in the Field. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:90. [PMID: 29527214 PMCID: PMC5829544 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The volatile compound 2,3-butanediol, which is produced by certain strains of root-associated bacteria, consists of three stereoisomers, namely, two enantiomers (2R,3R- and 2S,3S-butanediol) and one meso compound (2R,3S-butanediol). The ability of 2,3-butanediol to induce plant resistance against pathogenic fungi and bacteria has been investigated; however, little is known about its effects on induced resistance against viruses in plants. To investigate the effects of 2,3-butanediol on plant systemic defense against viruses, we evaluated the disease control capacity of each of its three stereoisomers in pepper. Specifically, we investigated the optimal concentration of 2,3-butanediol to use for disease control against Cucumber mosaic virus and Tobacco mosaic virus in the greenhouse and examined the effects of drench application of these compounds in the field. In the field trial, treatment with 2R,3R-butanediol and 2R,3S-butanediol significantly reduced the incidence of naturally occurring viruses compared with 2S,3S-butanediol and control treatments. In addition, 2R,3R-butanediol treatment induced the expression of plant defense marker genes in the salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene signaling pathways to levels similar to those of the benzothiadiazole-treated positive control. This study reports the first field trial showing that specific stereoisomers of 2,3-butanediol trigger plant immunity against multiple viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun G. Kong
- Molecular Phytobacteriology Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Teak S. Shin
- Crop Protection R&D Center, Farm Hannong Co., Ltd., Nonsan-si, South Korea
| | - Tae H. Kim
- Crop Protection R&D Center, Farm Hannong Co., Ltd., Nonsan-si, South Korea
| | - Choong-Min Ryu
- Molecular Phytobacteriology Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
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25
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Dynamics of PVY strains in field grown potato: Impact of strain competition and ability to overcome host resistance mechanisms. Virus Res 2017. [PMID: 28625667 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Potato virus Y (PVY) is the most important viral pathogen affecting potato crops worldwide. PVY can be transmitted non-persistently by aphids that do not colonize the host plant, resulting in a rapid acquisition and transmission of the virus between plants. PVY exists as a complex of strains that can be distinguished according to their pathogenicity, serology and genomic analysis. While virus incidence remains low in Scottish seed potato crops, PVY has become the increasingly prevalent virus. The monitoring of PVYN and PVYO serotypes has revealed a recent shift towards PVYN which now accounts for more than 90% of all PVY cases. A survey of the molecular diversity of PVYN isolates indicated that 80%-90% belong to the recombinant European (EU)-NTN group, with North-American (NA)-NTN and non-recombinant EU-N variants accounting for the remainder. The shift from non-recombinant to recombinant PVY isolates is a common trend observed worldwide. Surveys of a range of PVY isolates representing the main strain and phylogenetic groups suggest that PVY has the ability to overcome hypersensitive response-mediated resistance with significant differences between isolates of the same strain group. Contrastingly, genes mediating extreme resistance (Ryadg, Rysto) provide efficient resistance to PVY transmission to progeny tubers. Transmission experiments in field conditions of PVY isolates representing the three main molecular groups (PVYO, PVYEU-NTN, PVYNA-NTN) indicate that PVYEU-NTN has the highest transmission rate. Our results suggest that PVYEU-NTN isolate has a competitive advantage over PVYO and PVYNA-NTN isolates which is likely to be an important factor in shaping the evolution of viruses and the population dynamics of PVY.
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