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Luo Q, Chen P, Zong J, Gao J, Qin R, Wu C, Lv Q, Xu Y, Zhao T, Fu Y. Integrated transcriptomic and CGAs analysis revealed IbGLK1 is a key transcription factor for chlorogenic acid accumulation in sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) blades. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131045. [PMID: 38547942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Sweetpotato blades are rich in the functional secondary metabolite chlorogenic acid (CGA), which deepen potential for effective utilization of the blade in industry. In this study, we evaluated the type and content of CGA in the blades of 16 sweetpotato genotypes and analyzed the correlation between CGA content and antioxidant capacity. Then we isolated and characterized IbGLK1, a GARP-type transcription factor, by comparative transcriptome analysis. A subcellular localization assay indicated that IbGLK1 is located in the nucleus. Overexpression and silencing of IbGLK1 in sweetpotato blade resulted in a 0.90-fold increase and 1.84-fold decrease, respectively, in CGA content compared to the control. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays showed that IbGLK1 binds and activates the promoters of IbHCT, IbHQT, IbC4H, and IbUGCT, resulting in the promotion of CGA biosynthesis. In conclusion, our study provides insights into a high-quality gene for the regulation of CGA metabolism and germplasm resources for breeding sweetpotato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Luo
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sweetpotato of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Peitao Chen
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sweetpotato of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jikai Zong
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sweetpotato of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jilong Gao
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sweetpotato of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ruihua Qin
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sweetpotato of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Chunli Wu
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sweetpotato of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Qina Lv
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sweetpotato of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yuanjiang Xu
- Chongqing Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400065, PR China
| | - Tengfei Zhao
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sweetpotato of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yufan Fu
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sweetpotato of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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Zhang M, Xiao Q, Li Y, Tian Y, Zheng J, Zhang J. Exploration of exogenous chlorogenic acid as a potential plant stimulant: enhancing physiochemical properties in Lonicera japonica. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:453-466. [PMID: 38633274 PMCID: PMC11018593 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we applied exogenous chlorogenic acid (CGA) to Lonicera japonica (L. japonica) leaves via foliar sprays every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday for a period of 12 months. Our continuous monitoring over this period revealed a consistent increase in flavonoid levels from the second to the tenth month following the commencement of CGA treatment. This was accompanied by a notable upregulation in the expression of four secondary metabolite-related enzyme genes: LjPAL1, LjPAL2, LjPAL3, and LjISY1. Concurrently, there was a significant enhancement in the total activity of the enzyme phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. The total antioxidant capacity of the plants also showed a marked increase from the third to the seventh month post-treatment initiation, subsequently stabilizing. This increase was also reflected in the elevated activities of key antioxidant enzymes: peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and superoxide dismutase. Furthermore, the treatment notably enhanced various indicators of nutrient growth, such as total protein content, total sugar content, and leaf area. Notably, the relative expression of LjTF1, a kind of BZIP transcription factor gene known for its extensive regulatory effects, showed a significant and sustained increase after the start of exogenous CGA treatment. Subsequent metabolomic analysis revealed significant changes in L. japonica metabolites. Specifically, 172 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) showed a notable increase (Fold > 1), predominantly in pathways related to nutrient metabolism such as carbohydrate, amino acid, and energy metabolism. Notably, some of the highly expressed DEMs (Fold > 4) are key antioxidants and medicinal components in L. japonica. The experimental findings were in alignment with the metabolomics analysis, indicating that exogenous CGA can act as a stimulant for L. japonica. It promotes the significant accumulation of certain secondary metabolites, enhances nutritive growth, and boosts the plant's total antioxidant capacity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01435-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Zhang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025 China
| | - Qiaoqiao Xiao
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025 China
| | - Yulong Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710119 China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025 China
| | - Jincheng Zheng
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025 China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025 China
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Zhao L, Shan C, Shan T, Xu J, Zhang S, Tao Y, Wu J. Probing the transcriptome of Boehmeria nivea reveals candidate genes associated with the biosynthesis of chlorogenic acid. Gene X 2022; 833:146579. [PMID: 35598678 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich is used in traditional Chinese medicine. Chlorogenic acids are major medically active components of Boehmeria nivea, which can be used clinically to treat hyperglycemia, pneumonia, and cancer. To identify the genes involved in chlorogenic acid biosynthesis, we analyzed transcriptome data from leaf, root, and stem tissues of Boehmeria nivea using the Illumina Hi-Seq 4000 platform. A total of 146,790 unigenes were obtained from Boehmeria nivea, of which 106,786 were annotated in public databases. In analyses of the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome) database, 484 unigenes that encode the five key enzymes involved in chlorogenic acid biosynthesis were identified, and shikimate O-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase was spatially simulated. Some of these key enzyme unigenes expression levels were verified by RT-qPCR (real-time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction). Furthermore, multiple genes encoding plant resistance proteins or transcription factors were identified and analyzed. Differentially expressed genes were identified by performing pairwise comparison of genes between tissues. This study increases the number of public transcript datasets of this species and identifies candidate genes related to the biosynthesis of chlorogenic acid, laying a foundation for the further exploration of this pathway in Boehmeria nivea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Zhao
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Chunmiao Shan
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Tingyu Shan
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Jingyao Xu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Yijia Tao
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China.
| | - Jiawen Wu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Anhui Authentic Chinese Medicine Quality Improvement, Hefei 230012, China.
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Su Z, Jia H, Sun M, Cai Z, Shen Z, Zhao B, Li J, Ma R, Yu M, Yan J. Integrative analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome reveals the molecular mechanism of chlorogenic acid synthesis in peach fruit. Front Nutr 2022; 9:961626. [PMID: 35928835 PMCID: PMC9344011 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.961626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As the most abundant phenolic acid in peach fruit, chlorogenic acid (CGA) is an important entry point for the development of natural dietary supplements and functional foods. However, the metabolic and regulation mechanisms underlying its accumulation in peach fruits remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the composition and content of CGAs in mature fruits of 205 peach cultivars. In peach fruits, three forms of CGA (52.57%), neochlorogenic acid (NCGA, 47.13%), and cryptochlorogenic acid (CCGA, 0.30%) were identified. During the growth and development of peach fruits, the content of CGAs generally showed a trend of rising first and then decreasing. Notably, the contents of quinic acid, shikimic acid, p-coumaroyl quinic acid, and caffeoyl shikimic acid all showed similar dynamic patterns to that of CGA, which might provide the precursor material basis for the accumulation of CGA in the later stage. Moreover, CGA, lignin, and anthocyanins might have a certain correlation and these compounds work together to maintain a dynamic balance. By the comparative transcriptome analysis, 8 structural genes (Pp4CL, PpCYP98A, and PpHCT) and 15 regulatory genes (PpMYB, PpWRKY, PpERF, PpbHLH, and PpWD40) were initially screened as candidate genes of CGA biosynthesis. Our findings preliminarily analyzed the metabolic and molecular regulation mechanisms of CGA biosynthesis in peach fruit, which provided a theoretical basis for developing high-CGA content peaches in future breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Su
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoran Jia
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Sun
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhixiang Cai
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijun Shen
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Bintao Zhao
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiyao Li
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruijuan Ma
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingliang Yu
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Yan
- Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Juan Yan,
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Li Y, Kong D, Bai M, He H, Wang H, Wu H. Correlation of the temporal and spatial expression patterns of HQT with the biosynthesis and accumulation of chlorogenic acid in Lonicera japonica flowers. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2019; 6:73. [PMID: 31231531 PMCID: PMC6544646 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-019-0154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA quinate transferase (HQT) is one of the key enzymes in the biosynthesis of chlorogenic acid (CGA) in the flowers of Lonicera japonica. However, the spatiotemporal expression patterns of HQT and its relationship to the dynamics of CGA biosynthesis, transport, and storage remain largely unknown. In this study, we collected L. japonica flower samples at different growth stages (S1-S6) and examined the spatiotemporal expression pattern of HQT and the dynamic accumulation patterns of CGA using a combination of molecular and cytological techniques. Our results suggest that the spatiotemporal expression pattern of HQT is directly correlated with dynamic changes in CGA accumulation and distribution in L. japonica flowers. We further show that CGA is synthesized primarily in the cytoplasm and chloroplasts. CGA synthesized in the cytoplasm first accumulates in specialized vesicles and is then transferred to large central vacuoles for storage by fusion of CGA-containing vesicles with vacuoles. Furthermore, CGA synthesized in the chloroplasts appears to be transferred into the vacuoles for storage by direct membrane fusion between the tonoplast and the disrupted chloroplast membranes. Collectively, our results suggest that CGA is synthesized in chloroplasts and cytoplasm and finally transferred to the vacuole for long-term storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Natural Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Dexin Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Mei Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Hanjun He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Hong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Natural Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
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Zhao L, Wang D, Liu J, Yu X, Wang R, Wei Y, Wen C, Ouyang Z. Transcriptomic analysis of key genes involved in chlorogenic acid biosynthetic pathway and characterization of MaHCT from Morus alba L. Protein Expr Purif 2018; 156:25-35. [PMID: 30597215 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.) are of high medicinal value in traditional Chinese medicine with chlorogenic acid (CGA) as its major biologically active constituent. Mulberry leaves require that they be harvested after frost; previous studies have shown CGA accumulation significantly increased after frost. However, the molecular mechanism of how frost changes the CGA content in mulberry leaves is unclear. Additionally, the mechanism of CGA biosynthesis and key genes in mulberry leaves are not well-understood. In this study, transcriptome sequencing was performed on two mulberry leaf samples with different CGA contents (before and after frost). Fifty-eight genes were annotated in the CGA biosynthetic pathway. Compared to those in pre-frost mulberry leaves, 12 and 5 genes were upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in post-frost leaves. Correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of four genes were significantly positively correlated with CGA content, including those encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase, hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT), and coumaroyl quinate/shikimate 3'-hydroxylase, and may be key genes in the CGA biosynthetic pathway. We cloned MaHCT4 (GenBank accession no. MH476577) from mulberry leaves. Multiple sequence alignment suggested that MaHCT4 contains the conserved domains HXXXD and DFGWG. Enzymatic assays indicated that MaHCT4 catalyzes the formation of p-coumaroyl shikimic acid, p-coumaroyl quinic acid, and CGA. The Km values of quinic acid and shikimic acid were 10 ± 1.0 and 31 ± 1.7 μM, respectively, suggesting that MaHCT4 favored quinic acid over shikimic acid as its acyl acceptor. Using quinic acid as an acyl acceptor, MaHCT4 showed a preference for p-coumaroyl-CoA over caffeoyl-CoA. Our results provide insight into the molecular mechanism of how frost alters the CGA content and roles of key genes involved in the CGA biosynthetic pathway in mulberry leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Dujun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Rongye Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Chongwei Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Zhen Ouyang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China.
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Qi X, Yu X, Xu D, Fang H, Dong K, Li W, Liang C. Identification and analysis of CYP450 genes from transcriptome of Lonicera japonica and expression analysis of chlorogenic acid biosynthesis related CYP450s. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3781. [PMID: 28924501 PMCID: PMC5600180 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lonicera japonica is an important medicinal plant that has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. The pharmacological activities of L. japonica are mainly due to its rich natural active ingredients, most of which are secondary metabolites. CYP450s are a large, complex, and widespread superfamily of proteins that participate in many endogenous and exogenous metabolic reactions, especially secondary metabolism. Here, we identified CYP450s in L. japonica transcriptome and analyzed CYP450s that may be involved in chlorogenic acid (CGA) biosynthesis. Methods The recent availability of L. japonica transcriptome provided opportunity to identify CYP450s in this herb. BLAST based method and HMM based method were used to identify CYP450s in L. japonica transcriptome. Then, phylogenetic analysis, conserved motifs analysis, GO annotation, and KEGG annotation analyses were conducted to characterize the identified CYP450s. qRT-PCR was used to explore expression patterns of five CGA biosynthesis related CYP450s. Results In this study, 151 putative CYP450s with complete cytochrome P450 domain, which belonged to 10 clans, 45 families and 76 subfamilies, were identified in L. japonica transcriptome. Phylogenetic analysis classified these CYP450s into two major branches, A-type (47%) and non-A type (53%). Both types of CYP450s had conserved motifs in L. japonica. The differences of typical motif sequences between A-type and non-A type CYP450s in L. japonica were similar with other plants. GO classification indicated that non-A type CYP450s participated in more molecular functions and biological processes than A-type. KEGG pathway annotation totally assigned 47 CYP450s to 25 KEGG pathways. From these data, we cloned two LjC3Hs (CYP98A subfamily) and three LjC4Hs (CYP73A subfamily) that may be involved in biosynthesis of CGA, the major ingredient for pharmacological activities of L. japonica. qRT-PCR results indicated that two LjC3Hs exhibited oppositing expression patterns during the flower development and LjC3H2 exhibited a similar expression pattern with CGA concentration measured by HPLC. The expression patterns of three LjC4Hs were quite different and the expression pattern of LjC4H3 was quite similar with that of LjC3H1. Discussion Our results provide a comprehensive identification and characterization of CYP450s in L. japonica. Five CGA biosynthesis related CYP450s were cloned and their expression patterns were explored. The different expression patterns of two LjC3Hs and three LjC4Hs may be due to functional divergence of both substrate and catalytic specificity during plant evolution. The co-expression pattern of LjC3H1 and LjC4H3 strongly suggested that they were under coordinated regulation by the same transcription factors due to same cis elements in their promoters. In conclusion, this study provides insight into CYP450s and will effectively facilitate the research of biosynthesis of CGA in L. japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwu Qi
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Yu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Daohua Xu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Hailing Fang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Weilin Li
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengyuan Liang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.,The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
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Pu G, Zhou B, Xiang F. Isolation and functional characterization of a Lonicera japonica hydroxycinnamoyl transferase involved in chlorogenic acid synthesis. Biologia (Bratisl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2017-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Rana S, Bhat WW, Dhar N, Pandith SA, Razdan S, Vishwakarma R, Lattoo SK. Molecular characterization of two A-type P450s, WsCYP98A and WsCYP76A from Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal: expression analysis and withanolide accumulation in response to exogenous elicitations. BMC Biotechnol 2014; 14:89. [PMID: 25416924 PMCID: PMC4247701 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-014-0089-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacological investigations position withanolides as important bioactive molecules demanding their enhanced production. Therefore, one of the pivotal aims has been to gain knowledge about complete biosynthesis of withanolides in terms of enzymatic and regulatory genes of the pathway. However, the pathway remains elusive at the molecular level. P450s monooxygenases play a crucial role in secondary metabolism and predominantly help in functionalizing molecule core structures including withanolides. RESULTS In an endeavor towards identification and characterization of different P450s, we here describe molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of two A-type P450s, WsCYP98A and WsCYP76A from Withania somnifera. Full length cDNAs of WsCYP98A and WsCYP76A have open reading frames of 1536 and 1545 bp encoding 511 (58.0 kDa) and 515 (58.7 kDa) amino acid residues, respectively. Entire coding sequences of WsCYP98A and WsCYP76A cDNAs were expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using pGEX4T-2 expression vector. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that both genes express widely in leaves, stalks, roots, flowers and berries with higher expression levels of WsCYP98A in stalks while WsCYP76A transcript levels were more obvious in roots. Further, transcript profiling after methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, and gibberellic acid elicitations displayed differential transcriptional regulation of WsCYP98A and WsCYP76A. Copious transcript levels of both P450s correlated positively with the higher production of withanolides. CONCLUSIONS Two A-types P450 WsCYP98A and WsCYP76A were isolated, sequenced and heterologously expressed in E. coli. Both P450s are spatially regulated at transcript level showing differential tissue specificity. Exogenous elicitors acted as both positive and negative regulators of mRNA transcripts. Methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid resulted in copious expression of WsCYP98A and WsCYP76A. Enhanced mRNA levels also corroborated well with the increased accumulation of withanolides in response to elicitations. The empirical findings suggest that elicitors possibly incite defence or stress responses of the plant by triggering higher accumulation of withanolides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satiander Rana
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Tawi-180001, India.
| | - Wajid Waheed Bhat
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Tawi-180001, India.
| | - Niha Dhar
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Tawi-180001, India.
| | - Shahzad A Pandith
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Tawi-180001, India.
| | - Sumeer Razdan
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Tawi-180001, India.
| | - Ram Vishwakarma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Tawi-180001, India.
| | - Surrinder K Lattoo
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Tawi-180001, India.
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