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Gao Y, Wang J, Xiao Y, Yu L, Tang Q, Wang Y, Zhou J. Structure characterization of an agavin-type fructan isolated from Polygonatum cyrtonema and its effect on the modulation of the gut microbiota in vitro. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 330:121829. [PMID: 38368108 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The herbal medicine Polygonatum cyrtonema is highly regarded in China for its medicinal and dietary properties. However, further research is needed to elucidate the structure of its polysaccharide and understand how it promotes human health by modulating the gut microbiota. This study aims to investigate a homogeneous polysaccharide (PCP95-1-1) from Polygonatum cyrtonema and assess its susceptibility to digestion as well as its utilization by intestinal microbiota. The results confirmed that PCP95-1-1 is an agavin-type fructan, which possesses two fructose chains, namely β-(2 → 6) and β-(2 → 1) fructosyl-fructose, attached to the sucrose core, and has branches of β-D-Fruf residues. Moreover, PCP95-1-1 demonstrated resistance to digestion and maintained its reducing sugar content throughout the digestive system, indicating it could reach the gut without being digested. In vitro fermentation of PCP95-1-1 significantly decreased the pH value (p < 0.05) while notably increasing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), confirming its utilization by human gut microbiota. Additionally, PCP95-1-1 exhibited a significant ability (p < 0.05) to beneficial bacteria such as Megamonas and Bifidobacterium, while reducing the presence of facultative or conditional pathogens such as Escherichia-Shigella and Klebsiella at the genus level. Consequently, PCP95-1-1 has the potential to positively influence physical well-being by modulating the gut microbiota environment and can be developed as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Gao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Jinyan Wang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- School of Food and Tourism, Shanghai Urban Construction Vocational College, Shanghai 201415, China.
| | - Ling Yu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Qingjiu Tang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Yipeng Wang
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jianjin Zhou
- Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Innovative Utilization for Mountain Area, Sanming 365051, China
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2
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Guo Y, Liu Z, Wan Y, Zhang Y, Abdu HI, Yang M, Pei J, Yue T, Zhang X, Hacimuftuoglu A, Abd El-Aty AM. Literature analysis on asparagus roots and review of its functional characterizations. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1024190. [PMID: 37139102 PMCID: PMC10149932 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1024190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Asparagus root (AR) is utilized globally as a traditional herbal medicine because it contains various bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, and minerals. The composition profiles of AR are strongly affected by its botanical and geographical origins. Although minerals and heavy metals are minor constituents of AR, they play a crucial role in determining its quality and efficacy. A comprehensive classification of AR, its phytochemistry, and its pharmacology were reviewed and interpreted herein. Potentially eligible articles (in English) were identified through an electronic search of the Web of Science database (2010-2022) and Google (2001-2022). We used the primary search term "Asparagus roots" combined with the words "pharmacology," "bioactive compounds," "physicochemical properties," and "health benefits" to find the relevant literature. We screened the titles, keywords, and abstracts of the publications obtained from the database. A full copy of the article was obtained for further assessment if deemed appropriate. Different asparagus species might potentially be used as herbal medicines and functional foods. Phytochemical studies have revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds as valuable secondary metabolites. The dominant class of bioactive compounds in AR is flavonoids. Furthermore, AR displayed significant pharmacological effects, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic effects, as shown in animal and human studies. This review provides a valuable resource to enable a thorough assessment of the profile of Asparagus root as a functional ingredient for the pharmaceutical and food industries. In addition, it is anticipated that this review will provide information to healthcare professionals seeking alternative sources of critical bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong Guo
- College of Health Management, Shangluo University, Shangluo, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bioresources, 2011 QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingjie Wan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bioresources, 2011 QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bioresources, 2011 QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hassan Idris Abdu
- College of Health Management, Shangluo University, Shangluo, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bioresources, 2011 QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Yang
- College of Society and Science, Tibet Cultural University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jinjin Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bioresources, 2011 QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xianbin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Precision Diagnosis, Treatment of Digestive System Tumors, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - A. M. Abd El-Aty
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Chitrakar B, Zhang M, Adhikari B. Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis): Processing effect on nutritional and phytochemical composition of spear and hard-stem byproducts. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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4
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Shiomi N, Abe T, Kikuchi H, Aritsuka T, Takata Y, Fukushi E, Fukushi Y, Kawabata J, Ueno K, Onodera S. Structural analysis of novel kestose isomers isolated from sugar beet molasses. Carbohydr Res 2016; 424:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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5
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Synthesis and structural characterization of raffinosyl-oligofructosides upon transfructosylation by Lactobacillus gasseri DSM 20604 inulosucrase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:6251-6263. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7405-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Díez-Municio M, González-Santana C, de las Rivas B, Jimeno ML, Muñoz R, Moreno FJ, Herrero M. Synthesis of potentially-bioactive lactosyl-oligofructosides by a novel bi-enzymatic system using bacterial fructansucrases. Food Res Int 2015; 78:258-265. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Li XM, Cai JL, Wang WX, Ai HL, Mao ZC. Two new acetylenic compounds from Asparagus officinalis. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2015; 18:344-348. [PMID: 26558641 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2015.1082549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Two new acetylenic compounds, asparoffins A (1) and B (2), together with two known compounds, nyasol (3) and 3″-methoxynyasol (4), were isolated from stems of Asparagus officinalis. The structures of two new compounds were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analyses (UV, IR, MS, 1D, and 2D NMR). All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicities against three human cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Mei Li
- a School of Agriculture and Biological Technic , Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming 650201 , China
| | - Jin-Long Cai
- a School of Agriculture and Biological Technic , Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming 650201 , China
| | - Wen-Xiang Wang
- a School of Agriculture and Biological Technic , Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming 650201 , China
| | - Hong-Lian Ai
- a School of Agriculture and Biological Technic , Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming 650201 , China
- b College of Life Sciences , South-Central University for Nationalities , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Zi-Chao Mao
- a School of Agriculture and Biological Technic , Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming 650201 , China
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8
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Zhang W, Wu W, Wang Q, Chen Y, Yue G. The Juice of Asparagus By-Product Exerts Hypoglycemic Activity in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. J Food Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- School of Life Sciences; East China Normal University; 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Wenbin Wu
- School of Life Sciences; East China Normal University; 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Life Sciences; East China Normal University; 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Yali Chen
- School of Life Sciences; East China Normal University; 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Gaochao Yue
- School of Life Sciences; East China Normal University; 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 China
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9
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Yamamori A, Okada H, Kawazoe N, Muramatsu K, Onodera S, Shiomi N. Characteristics of α-D-Fructofuranosyl-(2→6)-D-glucose Synthesized from D-Glucose and D-Fructose by Thermal Treatment. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2014. [DOI: 10.5458/jag.jag.jag-2014_001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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10
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Xiang J, Xiang Y, Lin S, Xin D, Liu X, Weng L, Chen T, Zhang M. Anticancer effects of deproteinized asparagus polysaccharide on hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:3517-24. [PMID: 24310501 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies in the world whose chemoprevention became increasingly important in HCC treatment. Although the anticancer effects of asparagus constituents have been investigated in several cancers, its effects on hepatocellular carcinoma have not been fully studied. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effects of the deproteinized asparagus polysaccharide on the hepatocellular carcinoma cells using the in vitro and in vivo experimental model. Our data showed that deproteinized asparagus polysaccharide might act as an effective inhibitor on cell growth in vitro and in vivo and exert potent selective cytotoxicity against human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B and HepG2 cells. Further study showed that it could potently induce cell apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in the more sensitive Hep3B and HepG2 cell lines. Moreover, deproteinized asparagus polysaccharide potentiated the effects of mitomycin both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that deproteinized asparagus polysaccharide might exert its activity through an apoptosis-associated pathway by modulating the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3. In conclusion, deproteinized asparagus polysaccharide exhibited significant anticancer activity against hepatocellular carcinoma cells and could sensitize the tumoricidal effects of mitomycin, indicating that it is a potential therapeutic agent (or chemosensitizer) for liver cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Xiang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, 200233, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Bousserouel S, Le Grandois J, Gossé F, Werner D, Barth SW, Marchioni E, Marescaux J, Raul F. Methanolic extract of white asparagus shoots activates TRAIL apoptotic death pathway in human cancer cells and inhibits colon carcinogenesis in a preclinical model. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:394-404. [PMID: 23754197 PMCID: PMC3775565 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Shoots of white asparagus are a popular vegetable dish, known to be rich in many bioactive phytochemicals reported to possess antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities. We evaluated the anticancer mechanisms of a methanolic extract of Asparagus officinalis L. shoots (Asp) on human colon carcinoma cells (SW480) and their derived metastatic cells (SW620), and Asp chemopreventive properties were also assessed in a model of colon carcinogenesis. SW480 and SW620 cell proliferation was inhibited by 80% after exposure to Asp (80 μg/ml). We demonstrated that Asp induced cell death through the activation of TRAIL DR4/DR5 death receptors leading to the activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3 and to cell apoptosis. By specific blocking agents of DR4/DR5 receptors we were able to prevent Asp-triggered cell death confirming the key role of DR4/DR5 receptors. We found also that Asp (80 μg/ml) was able to potentiate the effects of the cytokine TRAIL on cell death even in the TRAIL-resistant metastatic SW620 cells. Colon carcinogenesis was initiated in Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injections of azoxymethane (AOM), once a week for two weeks. One week after (post-initiation) rats received daily Asp (0.01%, 14 mg/kg body weight) in drinking water. After 7 weeks of Asp-treatment the colon of rats exhibited a 50% reduction of the number of preneoplastic lesions (aberrant crypt foci). In addition Asp induced inhibition of several pro-inflammatory mediators, in association with an increased expression of host-defense mediators. In the colonic mucosa of Asp-treated rats we also confirmed the pro-apoptotic effects observed in vitro including the activation of the TRAIL death-receptor signaling pathway. Taken together, our data highlight the chemopreventive effects of Asp on colon carcinogenesis and its ability to promote normal cellular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad Bousserouel
- University of Strasbourg, Unit EA 4438, Faculty of Medicine, Strasbourg, France
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12
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Thakur M, Weng A, Fuchs H, Sharma V, Bhargava CS, Chauhan NS, Dixit VK, Bhargava S. Rasayana properties of Ayurvedic herbs: Are polysaccharides a major contributor. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 87:3-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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13
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Thakur M, Connellan P, Deseo MA, Morris C, Praznik W, Loeppert R, Dixit VK. Characterization and in vitro immunomodulatory screening of fructo-oligosaccharides of Asparagus racemosus Willd. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 50:77-81. [PMID: 22001723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Thakur
- Centre for Phytochemistry and Pharmacology, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia.
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Zhao J, Zhang W, Zhu X, Zhao D, Wang K, Wang R, Qu W. The aqueous extract of Asparagus officinalis L. by-product exerts hypoglycaemic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2011; 91:2095-2099. [PMID: 21567411 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Revised: 01/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inedible bottom part of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) spears, around one-third to one-half of the total length, is always discarded as by-product. Since it still contains various bioactive substances, this by-product might have potential usage in food supplements for its therapeutic effects. In this study the hypoglycaemic effect of the aqueous extract of asparagus by-product (AEA) was evaluated in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. RESULTS Continuous administration of AEA for 21 days significantly decreased fasting serum glucose and triglyceride levels but markedly increased body weight and hepatic glycogen level in diabetic rats. In an oral glucose tolerance test, both the blood glucose level measured at 30, 60 and 120 min after glucose loading and the area under the glucose curve showed a significant decrease after AEA treatment. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate that AEA has hypoglycaemic and hypotriglyceridaemic functions, suggesting that it might be useful in preventing diabetic complications associated with hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhao
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Hassan Z, Ahmad VU, Hussain J, Zahoor A, Siddiqui IN, Rasool N, Zubair M. Two New Carthamosides from Carthamus oxycantha. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000500316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new glycosides, 2- O-methylglucopyranosyl-carthamoside (1) and β-D-fructofuranosyl carthamoside (2), along with the known compound 3’,4’,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavanone (3) have been isolated from Carthamus oxyacantha, using recycling preparative HPLC. The structures of these compounds were established by mass spectrometric and extensive spectroscopic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Hassan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Viqar Uddin Ahmad
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Aqib Zahoor
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Imran Nafees Siddiqui
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Rasool
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Asparanin A induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 381:700-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.02.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 02/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Huang XF, Lin YY, Kong LY. Steroids from the roots of Asparagus officinalis and their cytotoxic activity. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2008; 50:717-722. [PMID: 18713412 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2008.00651.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
One new (Sarsasapogenin O) and seven known steroids were isolated from the roots of Asparagus officinalis L. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including various 2D-NMR techniques, hydrolysis, and by comparison of spectral data of known compounds. These compounds together with nine steroids which were previously isolated from this plant, were tested for cytotoxic activity. Among them, eight compounds displayed significant cytotoxicities against human A2780, HO-8910, Eca-109, MGC-803, CNE, LTEP-a-2, KB and mouse L1210 tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Huang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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18
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Okada H, Kawazoe N, Yamamori A, Onodera S, Kikuchi M, Shiomi N. Characteristics of O-.BETA.-D-Fructopyranosyl-(2.RAR.6)-D-glucopyranose Isolated from Fermented Beverage of Plant Extract. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2008. [DOI: 10.5458/jag.55.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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19
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Shiomi N. Food Biochemical Study on Fructans and Related Synthesis Enzymes. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2008. [DOI: 10.5458/jag.55.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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20
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Takahashi N, Fukushi E, Onodera S, Nishimoto T, Kawabata J, Shiomi N. Isolation and Identification of Novel Tri- and Tetra-saccharides Synthesized by Thermoanaerobacter brockii Kojibiose Phosphorylase. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2007. [DOI: 10.5458/jag.54.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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21
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Huang X, Kong L. Steroidal saponins from roots of Asparagus officinalis. Steroids 2006; 71:171-6. [PMID: 16280142 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2005.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2005] [Revised: 09/12/2005] [Accepted: 09/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sarsasapogenin M (1) and sarsasapogenin N (2), two new oligospirostanosides with a unique aglycone moiety, (25S)-5beta-spirostan-3beta, 17alpha-diol, along with seven known compounds (25S)-5beta-spirostan-3beta-ol-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-[beta-d-xylopyranosyl-(1,4)]-beta-d-glucopyranoside (3), (25S)-5beta-spirostan-3beta-ol-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-beta-d-glucopyranoside (4), (25S)-5beta-spirostan-3beta-ol-3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1,2)-[alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1,4)]-beta-d-glucopyranoside (5), (25S)26-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-5beta-furost-20 (22)-ene-3beta,26-diol-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-beta-d-glucopyranoside (6), yamogenin (7), beta-sitosterol (8), and sitosterol-beta-d-glucoside (9) were isolated from the roots of Asparagus officinalis L. Their structures were determined by spectral analysis, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Huang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
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22
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Takahashi N, Okada H, Fukushi E, Onodera S, Nishimoto T, Kawabata J, Shiomi N. Structural analysis of six novel oligosaccharides synthesized by glucosyl transfer from β-d-glucose 1-phosphate to raffinose and stachyose using Thermoanaerobacter brockii kojibiose phosphorylase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2004.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Michiels A, Van Laere A, Van den Ende W, Tucker M. Expression analysis of a chicory fructan 1-exohydrolase gene reveals complex regulation by cold. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2004; 55:1325-33. [PMID: 15133058 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erh153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The gene for a recently identified cDNA, 1-FEH IIa, encoding a fructan 1-exohydrolase was isolated and cloned from Cichorium intybus and a 1149 bp promoter fragment was characterized. An analysis of the genomic 1-FEH IIa sequence indicated that the gene (FEHIIa) consists of six introns and seven exons, which is similar to plant invertase genes. Like invertase genes, FEHIIa also contains the 9 nt mini-exon encoding the tripeptide DPN. A database search for cis-acting response elements within its promoter identified multiple elements that appear to have relevance to cold-induced expression of the gene in field-grown roots. Promoter analysis by transient expression assay demonstrated that the FEHIIa gene promoter is highly expressed in etiolated Cichorium leaves and cold-stored roots, which correlated well with the high level expression detected by RNA blot analysis. Cold also enhanced FEHIIa reporter gene expression in green leaves, however, the reporter gene activity was much lower compared with similar induction experiments in etiolated leaves. Promoter deletion analysis demonstrated the presence of potential cold-responsive ABRE and/or CRT/DRE elements in the -22 to -172 region, while regions -933 to -717 and -493 to -278 contain elements that can down-regulate expression at the conditions used. Characterization of the FEHIIa promoter may provide tools to study cold-induced expression and to increase freezing tolerance in agricultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Michiels
- Laboratory for Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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Shiomi N, Ueno K. Cloning and Expression of Genes Encoding Fructosyltransferases from Higher Plants in Food Technology. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2004. [DOI: 10.5458/jag.51.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Okada H, Fukushi E, Onodera S, Nishimoto T, Kawabata J, Kikuchi M, Shiomi N. Synthesis and structural analysis of five novel oligosaccharides prepared by glucosyltransfer from beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate to isokestose and nystose using Thermoanaerobacter brockii kojibiose phosphorylase. Carbohydr Res 2003; 338:879-85. [PMID: 12681912 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(03)00020-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Five novel oligosaccharides (tetra-, penta- and hexa-saccharides) were synthesized by glucosyltransfer from beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate to isokestose (O-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2-->1)-O-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2-->1)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) or nystose (O-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2-->1)-O-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2-->1)-O-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2-->1)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) using Thermoanaerobacter brockii kojibiose phosphorylase. The oligosaccharides were identified as 2(2-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)(m)isokestose; [O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)](m)-O-[beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2-->1)](2)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside: m=1, 2, and 3, and 2(2-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)(n)nystose; [O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)](n)-O-[beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2-->1)](3)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside: n=1 and 2 using gas liquid chromatography analysis of the methyl derivatives, and MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR measurements of the newly formed oligosaccharides. 1H, 13C NMR signals of each saccharide were assigned using 2D-NMR techniques, including COSY, HSQC, HSQC-TOCSY, HMBC, CH(2)-selected E-HSQC, and CH(2)-selected E-HSQC-TOCSY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Okada
- Department of Food Production and Utility Development, Graduate School of Dairy Science Research, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
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