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Caputo LDS, Alves CDL, Laranjeira IM, Fonseca-Rodrigues D, da Silva Filho AA, Dias ACP, Pinto-Ribeiro F, Pereira Junior ODS, de Paula ACC, Nagato AC, Corrêa JODA. Copaiba oil minimizes inflammation and promotes parenchyma re-epithelization in acute allergic asthma model induced by ovalbumin in BALB/c mice. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1356598. [PMID: 38666018 PMCID: PMC11043548 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1356598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Asthma is a condition of airflow limitation, common throughout the world, with high mortality rates, especially as it still faces some obstacles in its management. As it constitutes a public health challenge, this study aimed to investigate the effect of copaiba oil (e.g., Copaifera langsdorffii), as a treatment resource, at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg on certain mediators of acute lung inflammation (IL-33, GATA3, FOXP3, STAT3, and TBET) and early mechanisms of lung remodeling (degradation of elastic fiber tissues, collagen deposition, and goblet cell hyperplasia). Methods: Using an ovalbumin-induced acute allergic asthma model in BALB/c mice, we analyzed the inflammatory mediators through immunohistochemistry and the mechanisms of lung remodeling through histopathology, employing orcein, Masson's trichrome, and periodic acid-Schiff staining. Results: Copaiba oil treatment (CO) reduced IL-33 and increased FOXP3 by stimulating the FOXP3/GATA3 and FOXP3/STAT3 pathways. Additionally, it upregulated TBET, suggesting an additional role in controlling GATA3 activity. In the respiratory epithelium, CO decreased the fragmentation of elastic fibers while increasing the deposition of collagen fibers, favoring epithelial restructuring. Simultaneously, CO reduced goblet cell hyperplasia. Discussion: Although additional research is warranted, the demonstrated anti-inflammatory and re-epithelializing action makes CO a viable option in exploring new treatments for acute allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila de Souza Caputo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Carolina de Lima Alves
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Inês Martins Laranjeira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, ICVS, School of Medicine, Campus of Gualtar, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B‟s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, CBMA, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Diana Fonseca-Rodrigues
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, ICVS, School of Medicine, Campus of Gualtar, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B‟s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Alberto Carlos Pires Dias
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, CBMA, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Filipa Pinto-Ribeiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, ICVS, School of Medicine, Campus of Gualtar, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B‟s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | | | | | - Akinori Cardozo Nagato
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, UFJF, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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Koida A, Tanaka M, Kosaka R, Okuda S, Takei S, Ota S, Yokoyama S, Miyake K, Watanabe H. Canna Starch Improves Intestinal Barrier Function, Inhibits Allergen Uptake, and Suppresses Anaphylactic Symptoms in Ovalbumin-Induced Food Allergy in Mice. Biomolecules 2024; 14:215. [PMID: 38397452 PMCID: PMC10886450 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Edible canna rhizomes contain extremely high levels of resistant starch among cereals and potatoes. We previously showed that feeding canna rhizome starch to mice may increase intestinal barrier function and improve the intestinal environment. Here, we investigated the effects of canna starch intake in a murine food allergy model. Five-week-old female BALB/c mice were divided into four groups: Control and OVA groups fed on the control diet (AIN-93G) ad libitum and Canna and OVA-Canna groups fed on the canna diet (AIN-93G with 10% replaced with canna starch). The OVA and OVA-Canna groups were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA), and the anaphylactic response was assessed by measuring body temperature. Body temperature was significantly lower in the OVA group than in the non-sensitized group, but no decrease was observed in the OVA-Canna group. Fecal weight, fecal mucin content, and goblet cells of colorectal tissue were significantly increased in the Canna and OVA-Canna groups compared with those in the Control and OVA groups. Allergen uptake into the liver was also increased in the OVA group and decreased in the OVA-Canna group to the same level as in the non-sensitized group. These results indicate that canna starch supplementation in a murine food allergy model suppresses anaphylactic symptoms by improving the intestinal environment and reducing allergen uptake by increasing intestinal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Koida
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aichi Shukutoku University, 2-9 Katahira, Nagakute 480-1197, Aichi, Japan;
| | - Mamoru Tanaka
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan; (R.K.); (S.O.); (S.T.); (K.M.)
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan
| | - Rina Kosaka
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan; (R.K.); (S.O.); (S.T.); (K.M.)
| | - Shoei Okuda
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan; (R.K.); (S.O.); (S.T.); (K.M.)
| | - Shiro Takei
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan; (R.K.); (S.O.); (S.T.); (K.M.)
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan
| | - Suzuno Ota
- Faculty of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 1001-1 Kishioka, Suzuka 510-0293, Mie, Japan;
| | - Sayaka Yokoyama
- Department of Food and Nutritional Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 463-8521, Aichi, Japan;
| | - Kaho Miyake
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan; (R.K.); (S.O.); (S.T.); (K.M.)
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Faculty of Nutrition, University of Kochi, 2751-1 Ike, Kochi 781-8515, Kochi, Japan;
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Obesity-associated mesenteric lymph leakage impairs the trafficking of lipids, lipophilic drugs and antigens from the intestine to mesenteric lymph nodes. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 180:319-331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kochappan R, Cao E, Han S, Hu L, Quach T, Senyschyn D, Ferreira VI, Lee G, Leong N, Sharma G, Lim SF, Nowell CJ, Chen Z, von Andrian UH, Bonner D, Mintern JD, Simpson JS, Trevaskis NL, Porter CJH. Targeted delivery of mycophenolic acid to the mesenteric lymph node using a triglyceride mimetic prodrug approach enhances gut-specific immunomodulation in mice. J Control Release 2021; 332:636-651. [PMID: 33609620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) are a key site for the generation of adaptive immune responses to gut-derived antigenic material and immune cells within the MLN contribute to the pathophysiology of a range of conditions including inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, viral infections, graft versus host disease and cancer. Targeting immunomodulating drugs to the MLN may thus be beneficial in a range of conditions. This paper investigates the potential benefit of targeting a model immunosuppressant drug, mycophenolic acid (MPA), to T cells in the MLN, using a triglyceride (TG) mimetic prodrug approach. We confirmed that administration of MPA in the TG prodrug form (MPA-TG), increased lymphatic transport of MPA-related species 83-fold and increased MLN concentrations of MPA >20 fold, when compared to MPA alone, for up to 4 h in mice. At the same time, the plasma exposure of MPA and MPA-TG was similar, limiting the opportunity for systemic side effects. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry studies with a fluorescent model prodrug (Bodipy-TG) revealed that the prodrug accumulated in the MLN cortex and paracortex at 5 and 10 h following administration and was highly associated with B cells and T cells that are found in these regions of the MLN. Finally, we demonstrated that MPA-TG was significantly more effective than MPA at inhibiting CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation in the MLN of mice in response to an oral ovalbumin antigen challenge. In contrast, MPA-TG was no more effective than MPA at inhibiting T cell proliferation in peripheral LN when mice were challenged via SC administration of ovalbumin. This paper provides the first evidence of an in vivo pharmacodynamic benefit of targeting the MLN using a TG mimetic prodrug approach. The TG mimetic prodrug technology has the potential to benefit the treatment of a range of conditions where aberrant immune responses are initiated in gut-associated lymphoid tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Kochappan
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Enyuan Cao
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Sifei Han
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Luojuan Hu
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Tim Quach
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia; Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Danielle Senyschyn
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Vilena Ivanova Ferreira
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Given Lee
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Nathania Leong
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Garima Sharma
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Shea Fern Lim
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia; Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Cameron J Nowell
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ziqi Chen
- Dept. of Immunology, Harvard Medical School and Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, 77 Ave. Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ulrich H von Andrian
- Dept. of Immunology, Harvard Medical School and Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, 77 Ave. Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel Bonner
- PureTech Health, 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Justine D Mintern
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jamie S Simpson
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia; PureTech Health, 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Natalie L Trevaskis
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Christopher J H Porter
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.
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Kyosaka I, Fujita S, Shimizu Y, Saeki H. Digestibility in the gastrointestinal tract and migration to blood of β'-component (Onk k 5), a major salmon roe IgE-binding protein. Food Chem 2019; 289:694-700. [PMID: 30955667 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.03.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The major allergen of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) roe is the β'-component (Onc k 5, β'-c), which is a yolk protein and a fragment of vitellogenin. When yolk content containing β'-c was orally administered to mice, β'-c passed through the gastrointestinal tract and was excreted in feces without marked degradation. The direct administration of β'-c to ligated jejunal and ileal loops showed that β'-c was absorbed through the small intestine and transferred into the blood. Immunohistochemical staining showed that orally administered β'-c was distributed from the apical side to the basal side of intestinal epithelial cells, suggesting that endocytosis may be involved in the intestinal absorption of β'-c. In conclusion, β'-c is absorbed along a large portion of the small intestine and circulates in the blood stream without significant digestion. The resistance of β'-c to gastrointestinal digestion seems to contribute to its strong allergenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issei Kyosaka
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Minato 3, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Shingo Fujita
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Minato 3, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Yutaka Shimizu
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Minato 3, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Hiroki Saeki
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Minato 3, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
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Sakurai N, Nishio S, Akiyama Y, Miyata S, Oshima K, Nadano D, Matsuda T. Apical-to-basolateral transepithelial transport of cow's milk caseins by intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers: MS-based quantitation of cellularly degraded α- and β-casein fragments. J Biochem 2018; 164:113-125. [PMID: 29490044 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvy034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Casein (CN) is the major milk protein to nourish infants but, in certain population, it causes cow's milk allergy, indicating the uptake of antigenic CN and their peptides through the intestinal epithelium. Using human intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers, the apical-to-basal transepithelial transport of CN was investigated. Confocal microscopy using component-specific antibodies showed that αs1-CN antigens became detectable as punctate signals at the apical-side cytoplasm and reached to the cytoplasm at a tight-junction level within a few hours. Such intracellular CN signals were more remarkable than those of the other antigens, β-lactoglobulin and ovalbumin, colocalized in part with an early endosome marker protein (EEA1) and decreased in the presence of cytochalasin D or sodium azide and also at lowered temperature at 4°C. Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy analysis of the protein fraction in the basal-side medium identified the αs1-CB fragment including the N-terminal region and the αs2-CN fragment containing the central part of polypeptide at 100-1,000 fmol per well levels. Moreover, β-CN C-terminal overlapping peptides were identified in the peptide fraction below 10 kDa of the basal medium. These results suggest that CNs are partially degraded by cellular proteases and/or peptidases and immunologically active CN fragments are transported to basal side of the cell monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Sakurai
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nishio
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yuka Akiyama
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shinji Miyata
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kenzi Oshima
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Daita Nadano
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuda
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Saneyasu T, Shindo H, Honda K, Kamisoyama H. The Extract of Soybean Protein Increases Slow-Myosin Heavy Chain Expression in C2C12 Myotubes. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2018; 64:296-300. [PMID: 30175795 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.64.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is composed of four types of fibers in mammals; oxidative slow-twitch type I, oxidative fast-twitch IIA, and glycolytic fast-twitch IIB and IIX/D. In this study using C2C12 myotubes, an extract of soybean protein significantly upregulated mRNA level of myosin heavy chain 7 (Myh7), the predominant isoform expressed in oxidative slow-twitch type I and downregulated mRNA levels of Myh4, the predominant isoform expressed in glycolytic fast-twitch IIB. Similarly, its hydrolysate prepared using digestive enzyme also significantly increased Myh7 expression. In contrast, no significant change was observed in Myh4 mRNA level after the hydrolysate treatment. These findings suggest that dietary intake of the soybean protein extract may increase oxidative slow-twitch fiber in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haruka Shindo
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University
| | - Kazuhisa Honda
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University
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Food contact materials and gut health: Implications for toxicity assessment and relevance of high molecular weight migrants. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:1-18. [PMID: 28830834 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Gut health is determined by an intact epithelial barrier and balanced gut microbiota, both involved in the regulation of immune responses in the gut. Disruption of this system contributes to the etiology of various non-communicable diseases, including intestinal, metabolic, and autoimmune disorders. Studies suggest that some direct food additives, but also some food contaminants, such as pesticide residues and substances migrating from food contact materials (FCMs), may adversely affect the gut barrier or gut microbiota. Here, we focus on gut-related effects of FCM-relevant substances (e.g. surfactants, N-ring containing substances, nanoparticles, and antimicrobials) and show that gut health is an underappreciated target in the toxicity assessment of FCMs. Understanding FCMs' impact on gut health requires more attention to ensure safety and prevent gut-related chronic diseases. Our review further points to the existence of large population subgroups with an increased intestinal permeability; this may lead to higher uptake of compounds of not only low (<1000 Da) but also high (>1000 Da) molecular weight. We discuss the potential toxicological relevance of high molecular weight compounds in the gut and suggest that the scientific justification for the application of a molecular weight-based cut-off in risk assessment of FCMs should be reevaluated.
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Bruun SW, Josefsen K, Tanassi JT, Marek A, Pedersen MHF, Sidenius U, Haupt-Jorgensen M, Antvorskov JC, Larsen J, Heegaard NH, Buschard K. Large Gliadin Peptides Detected in the Pancreas of NOD and Healthy Mice following Oral Administration. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:2424306. [PMID: 27795959 PMCID: PMC5067331 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2424306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gluten promotes type 1 diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and likely also in humans. In NOD mice and in non-diabetes-prone mice, it induces inflammation in the pancreatic lymph nodes, suggesting that gluten can initiate inflammation locally. Further, gliadin fragments stimulate insulin secretion from beta cells directly. We hypothesized that gluten fragments may cross the intestinal barrier to be distributed to organs other than the gut. If present in pancreas, gliadin could interact directly with the immune system and the beta cells to initiate diabetes development. We orally and intravenously administered 33-mer and 19-mer gliadin peptide to NOD, BALB/c, and C57BL/6 mice and found that the peptides readily crossed the intestinal barrier in all strains. Several degradation products were found in the pancreas by mass spectroscopy. Notably, the exocrine pancreas incorporated large amounts of radioactive label shortly after administration of the peptides. The study demonstrates that, even in normal animals, large gliadin fragments can reach the pancreas. If applicable to humans, the increased gut permeability in prediabetes and type 1 diabetes patients could expose beta cells directly to gliadin fragments. Here they could initiate inflammation and induce beta cell stress and thus contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Chromatography, Liquid
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Gliadin/immunology
- Gliadin/pharmacokinetics
- Inflammation
- Insulin/metabolism
- Insulin Secretion
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/immunology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism
- Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
- Male
- Mass Spectrometry
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Pancreas/metabolism
- Pancreas, Exocrine/metabolism
- Peptide Fragments/pharmacokinetics
- Permeability
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Knud Josefsen
- The Bartholin Institute, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- *Knud Josefsen:
| | - Julia T. Tanassi
- Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology & Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Aleš Marek
- The Hevesy Laboratory, DTU Nutech, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin H. F. Pedersen
- The Hevesy Laboratory, DTU Nutech, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Sidenius
- Enzyme Purification and Characterization, Novozymes A/S, Bagsværd, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jesper Larsen
- The Bartholin Institute, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Niels H. Heegaard
- Clinical Biochemistry, Immunology & Genetics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen S, Denmark
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Abstract
For over 100 years it was believed that dietary protein must be completely hydrolysed before its constituent amino acids could be absorbed via specific amino acid transport systems. It is now known that the uptake of di- and tripeptides into the enterocyte is considerable, being transported across the intestinal endothelium by the PepT1 H+/peptide co-transporter. There is also evidence that some di- and tripeptides may survive cytosolic hydrolysis and be transported intact across the basolateral membrane. However, other than antigen sampling, the transport of larger intact macromolecules across the intestinal endothelium of the healthy adult human remains a controversial issue as there is little unequivocal in vivo evidence to support this postulation. The aim of the present review was to critically evaluate the scientific evidence that peptides/proteins are absorbed by healthy intestinal epithelia and pass intact into the hepatic portal system. The question of the absorption of oliogopeptides is paramount to the emerging science of food-derived bioactive peptides, their mode of action and physiological effects. Overall, we conclude that there is little unequivocal evidence that dietary bioactive peptides, other than di- and tripeptides, can cross the gut wall intact and enter the hepatic portal system in physiologically relevant concentrations.
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Antigen exposure in the late light period induces severe symptoms of food allergy in an OVA-allergic mouse model. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14424. [PMID: 26419283 PMCID: PMC4588575 DOI: 10.1038/srep14424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian circadian clock controls many physiological processes that include immune responses and allergic reactions. Several studies have investigated the circadian regulation of intestinal permeability and tight junctions known to be affected by cytokines. However, the contribution of circadian clock to food allergy symptoms remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the role of the circadian clock in determining the severity of food allergies. We prepared an ovalbumin food allergy mouse model, and orally administered ovalbumin either late in the light or late in the dark period under light-dark cycle. The light period group showed higher allergic diarrhea and weight loss than the dark period group. The production of type 2 cytokines, IL-13 and IL-5, from the mesenteric lymph nodes and ovalbumin absorption was higher in the light period group than in the dark period group. Compared to the dark period group, the mRNA expression levels of the tight junction proteins were lower in the light period group. We have demonstrated that increased production of type 2 cytokines and intestinal permeability in the light period induced severe food allergy symptoms. Our results suggest that the time of food antigen intake might affect the determination of the severity of food allergy symptoms.
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Intracellular Retention and Subsequent Release of Bovine Milk Lactoferrin Taken Up by Human Enterocyte-Like Cell Lines, Caco-2, C2BBe1 and HT-29. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 77:1023-9. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.121011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Reitsma M, Westerhout J, Wichers HJ, Wortelboer HM, Verhoeckx KCM. Protein transport across the small intestine in food allergy. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 58:194-205. [PMID: 24395537 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In view of the imminent deficiency of protein sources for human consumption in the near future, new protein sources need to be identified. However, safety issues such as the risk of allergenicity are often a bottleneck, due to the absence of predictive, validated and accepted methods for risk assessment. The current strategy to assess the allergenic potential of proteins focuses mainly on homology, stability and cross-reactivity, although other factors such as intestinal transport might be of added value too. In this review, we present an overview of the knowledge of protein transport across the intestinal wall and the methods currently being used to measure this. A literature study reveals that protein transport in sensitised persons occurs para-cellularly with the involvement of mast cells, and trans-cellularly via enterocytes, while in non-sensitised persons micro-fold cells and enterocytes are considered most important. However, there is a lack of comparable systematic studies on transport of allergenic proteins. Knowledge of the multiple protein transport pathways and which model system can be useful to study these processes may be of added value in the risk assessment of food allergenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit Reitsma
- TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands; Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, The Netherlands
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Matsubara T, Akiyama Y, Oshima K, Okajima T, Nadano D, Matsuda T. Dephosphorylation reduces passage of ovalbumin antigen through intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell monolayers. J Biochem 2013; 153:347-54. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvs154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Separation and identification of four distinct serine-phosphorylation states of ovalbumin by Phos-tag affinity electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:849-55. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Arena S, Renzone G, Novi G, Scaloni A. Redox proteomics of fat globules unveils broad protein lactosylation and compositional changes in milk samples subjected to various technological procedures. J Proteomics 2011; 74:2453-75. [PMID: 21256992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Revised: 12/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The Maillard reaction between lactose and proteins occurs during thermal treatment of milk and lactosylated β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin and caseins have widely been used to monitor the quality of dairy products. We recently demonstrated that a number of other whey milk proteins essential for nutrient delivery, defense against bacteria/virus and cellular proliferation become lactosylated during milk processing. The extent of their modification is associated with the harshness of product manufacturing. Since fat globule proteins are also highly important for the health-beneficial properties of milk, an evaluation of their lactosylation is crucial for a complete understanding of aliment nutritional characteristics. This is more important when milk is the unique dietary source, as in the infant diet. To this purpose, a sequential proteomic procedure involving an optimized milk fat globule (MFG) preparation/electrophoretic resolution, shot-gun analysis of gel portions for protein identification, selective trapping of lactosylated peptides by phenylboronate chromatography and their analysis by nanoLC-ESI-electron transfer dissociation (ETD) tandem MS was used for systematic characterization of fat globule proteins in milk samples subjected to various manufacturing procedures. Significant MFG protein compositional changes were observed between samples, highlighting the progressive adsorption of caseins and whey proteins on the fat globule surface as result of the technological process used. A significant lactosylation of MFG proteins was observed in ultra-high temperature sterilized and powdered for infant nutrition milk preparations, which well paralleled with the harshness of thermal treatment. Globally, this study allowed the identification of novel 157 non-redundant modification sites and 35 MFG proteins never reported so far as being lactosylated, in addition to the 153 ones ascertained here as present on other 21 MFG-adsorbed proteins whose nature was already characterized. Novel MFG proteins include components involved in nutrient delivery, defense response against pathogens and cellular proliferation/differentiation. Nutritional, biological and toxicological consequences of these findings are here discussed, highlighting their possible impact on children's diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Arena
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147 Naples, Italy
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Binding of Norovirus virus-like particles (VLPs) to human intestinal Caco-2 cells and the suppressive effect of pasteurized bovine colostrum on this VLP binding. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2010; 74:541-7. [PMID: 20208365 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.90729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Noroviruses (NoVs), which cannot be grown in cell culture, are a major infectious agent of gastroenteritis. An in vitro assay system was established for the evaluation of NoV binding to enterocytes using virus-like particles (VLPs) produced in a baculovirus system expressing a NoV VP1 capsid protein. After confirmation of the purity by MS analysis, VLPs were incubated with human intestinal Caco-2 cells. NoV VLPs were detected clearly by confocal laser microscopy only on a certain population of Caco-2 cells, and were semi-quantified by immunoblotting of cell lysates. Then the suppressive effect of pasteurized bovine colostrum was analyzed on the VLP binding to Caco-2 cells by immunoblotting. The colostrum reduced VLP binding in a dose-dependent manner, at about 50% suppression with 12.5 microg of the colostral proteins. Furthermore, the colostrum contained IgG antibodies reacting to VLPs, suggesting that cross-reactive antibodies in the bovine colostrums block human NoV binding to intestinal cells.
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