1
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Li X, Fu C, Li G, He H. RNA-seq reveals novel mechanistic targets of Livin in bladder cancer. BMC Urol 2023; 23:26. [PMID: 36855119 PMCID: PMC9976429 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-023-01194-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer is a very common malignancy with a high recurrence rate. The survival of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer is poor, and new therapies are needed. Livin has been reported to be upregulated in bladder cancer and influence the proliferation of cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Livin gene in human bladder cancer cell line T24 was knocked out, and the differentially expressed genes were identified by RNA-seq and qPCR. RESULTS Livin knockdown affects gene expression and has strong negative effects on some cancer-promoting pathways. Furthermore, combined with bladder cancer clinical sample data downloaded from TCGA and GEO, 2 co-up-regulated genes and 58 co-down-regulated genes were identified and validated, which were associated with cancer proliferation and invasion. CONCLUSION All these results suggest that Livin plays an important role in bladder cancer and could be a potential anticancer target in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Li
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Yantian District People's Hospital, 2010 Wu Tong Road, Yantian District, Shenzhen, 518081, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Chunhua Fu
- grid.440601.70000 0004 1798 0578Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guofeng Li
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Yantian District People’s Hospital, 2010 Wu Tong Road, Yantian District, Shenzhen, 518081 Guangdong Province China
| | - Haolin He
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Yantian District People’s Hospital, 2010 Wu Tong Road, Yantian District, Shenzhen, 518081 Guangdong Province China
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2
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Wolf P. Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins as therapeutic targets in bladder cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1124600. [PMID: 36845731 PMCID: PMC9950391 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1124600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Evasion from apoptosis is a hallmark of cancer. Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) contribute to this hallmark by suppressing the induction of cell death. IAPs were found to be overexpressed in cancerous tissues and to contribute to therapeutic resistance. The present review focuses on the IAP members cIAP1, cIAP2, XIAP, Survivin and Livin and their importance as potential therapeutic targets in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Wolf
- Department of Urology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,*Correspondence: Philipp Wolf,
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3
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Zhu L, Zhou W, Zhu X, Xiang S, Wang S, Peng Y, Lu B, Tang P, Chen Q, Wu M, Peng X, Chen Z, Sun Z, Yang K, Xiang M, Yu D. Inhibitor of apoptosis protein‑like protein‑2: A novel growth accelerator for breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:2047-2055. [PMID: 30106449 PMCID: PMC6111458 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the inhibitor of apoptosis protein-like protein-2 (ILP-2) has been shown as a serological biomarker for breast cancer, its effect on breast cancer cell growth remains elusive. The present study aimed to determine the role of ILP-2 in breast cancer cell growth. We used immunohistochemistry to analyze ILP-2 expression in 59 tissue paraffin-embedded blocks, which included 35 breast cancer tissues and 24 galactophore hyperplasia tissues. Western blot analysis was used to detect protein expression levels of ILP-2 in breast cancer cell lines such as HCC-1937, MX-1 and MCF-7 as well as breast gland cell line MCF 10A. ILP-2 was silenced by siRNA in HCC-1937, MX-1 and MCF-7 cell lines. MTT assays, scratch assays and AO-EB double staining analysis were conducted to evidence the role of ILP-2 on breast cancer cell growth. Results from this study showed increased ILP-2 expression in breast cancer tissues and breast cancer cell lines such as HCC-1937, MX-1 and MCF-7. Cell viability or rate of cell migration of HCC-1937, MX-1 and MCF-7 cell lines was significantly inhibited when ILP-2 was knocked down by siRNA. The apoptosis rate of HCC-1937, MX-1 and MCF-7 cell lines was increased when compared with that of the control group. Thus, ILP-2 plays an active role in the growth of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Xidi Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Siqi Xiang
- Department of Bioengineering, Biological Science and Engineering School, North University of Nationalities, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, P.R. China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Yingxia Peng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Bangyun Lu
- Tumor Hospital, Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Peizhi Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Mengjuan Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Xia Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Ziyu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Ziyi Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Kunliang Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Mingjun Xiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, P.R. China
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4
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Upregulation of miR‑185 promotes apoptosis of the human gastric cancer cell line MGC803. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:3115-3122. [PMID: 29257260 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-185, which has been reported to be abnormally expressed in some types of cancer, exerts significant effects on the proliferation, apoptosis, drug resistance and metastasis of cancer cells. The present study aimed to explore the effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of miR‑185 upregulation on the apoptosis of gastric cancer (GC) cells. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting were used to detect the expression levels of miR‑185 in GC and adjacent normal tissues. In addition, miR‑185 expression was detected in the following GC cell lines: MKN74, SGC7901, BGC823, MGC803, as well as in the gastric epithelial cell line GES‑1. Subsequently, miR‑185 mimics were transfected into MGC803 cells. Post‑transfection, the following experiments were conducted: MTT assay was applied to test cell viability; flow cytometry (FCM) was used to determine the apoptotic rate of the cells; and qPCR and western blotting were conducted to detect the expression levels of the following apoptosis‑associated factors: B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2), Bcl‑2‑associated X protein (Bax), survivin, X‑linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), livin, caspase‑3 and caspase‑8. The results demonstrated that miR‑185 was downregulated in GC tissues compared with the adjacent tissues. In cell lines, miR‑185 expression was higher in GES‑1 cells compared with in the GC cell lines; in the 4 GC cell lines, the strongest miR‑185 expression was in MKN74 cells, followed by SGC7901 and BGC823 cells, and the weakest was in MGC803 cells (P<0.05). Expression of miR‑185 was associated with tumor size, differentiation and lymphatic metastasis. Post-transfection with miR‑185 mimics, miR‑185 expression was significantly increased in a time‑ and concentration‑dependent manner. MGC803 cell viability was significantly decreased following miR‑185 mimics transfection. The results of FCM demonstrated that post‑transfection with miR‑185 mimics, the apoptotic rate of MGC803 cells was significantly increased. Post‑transfection with miR‑185 mimics, the expression levels of Bcl‑2, survivin and XIAP were significantly decreased in MGC803 cells, whereas the expression levels of Bax and livin were not altered, and caspase‑3 and caspase‑8 expression was significantly increased. Spectrophotometry indicated that caspase‑3 and caspase‑8 activity was significantly increased in MGC803 cells following transfection with miR‑185 mimics. In conclusion, the present study suggested that miR‑185 upregulation in GC cells may promote apoptosis of tumor cells via gene expression regulation.
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5
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Liu F, Chang H, Xu W, Zhai Y. The effects of Livin shRNA on the response to cisplatin in HepG2 cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 10:2957-2961. [PMID: 26722271 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a lethal malignancy with poor prognosis, partially due to tumor metastasis, recurrence and resistance to chemo- or radio-therapy. Cisplatin can inhibit cancer cell DNA replication, and is widely used in the clinical treatment of tumors. The present study aimed to generate eukaryotic expression vectors for Livin shRNA and to examine the effects of Livin shRNA on the chemosensitivity of HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Eukaryotic expression vectors for Livin shRNA (pSD11-U6/Neo/GFP/Livin) were designed and constructed. The HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cell line was transfected with this vector using the liposome method. The expression levels of Livin mRNA and protein were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The rate of cell growth inhibition was measured using MTT assay following treatment of the cells with cisplatin (2.0 mg/l). DNA sequencing confirmed that the construction of the eukaryotic expression vector for Livin shRNA had been successful. Transfection of these vectors into HepG2 cells led to a significant reduction in the expression levels of Livin mRNA and protein (P<0.05). Cisplatin treatment was associated with significantly higher rates of cell growth inhibition in HepG2 cells transfected with Livin shRNA compared with those that were not transfected (P<0.05). The vectors constructed in the present study produced effective inhibition of the Livin gene in HepG2 cells and increased the chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfeng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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6
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Song YH, Liao R, Li PC, Ge BO, Jiang LM, Gao LI, Zhang TY. Effects of siRNA Livin on EJ human bladder cancer cells treated with mitomycin-C. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:2422-2426. [PMID: 26622863 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to observe the inhibitory and therapeutic effects of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting Livin in EJ human bladder cancer cells. Specific siRNA targeting Livin was synthesized and transfected into EJ human bladder cancer cells treated or not treated with mitomycin-C (MMC). Livin mRNA and protein, as well as proliferation and apoptosis of EJ cells was examined with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The results indicated that the expression of Livin mRNA and protein in EJ cells was significantly decreased by siRNA Livin. The proliferation of EJ cells was significantly inhibited by treatment with MMC and transfection of siRNA Livin. The inhibition of cell proliferation by treatment with MMC was further enhanced by transfection of siRNA Livin. The apoptotic rate of cells transfected with siRNA Livin and treated with MMC was significantly higher than those cells receiving a single transfection of siRNA Livin and single treatment of MMC. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that transfection of siRNA Livin induces growth suppression and apoptosis in EJ human bladder cancer cells, and increases the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of cells to MMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Song
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Ran Liao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Cheng Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - B O Ge
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Lei-Ming Jiang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - L I Gao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Yu Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
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7
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Zhuang L, Shen LD, Li K, Yang RX, Zhang QY, Chen Y, Gao CL, Dong C, Bi Q, Tao JN, Wang XN, Tian Q. Inhibition of livin expression suppresses cell proliferation and enhances chemosensitivity to cisplatin in human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:547-52. [PMID: 25695324 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Livin is a novel member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family that has been reported to be overexpressed in various types of human malignancy. Although several studies have demonstrated that livin may be used as an effective target for tumor therapy, few studies have investigated its role in human lung adenocarcinoma. In the present study, two different methods were used in order to investigate the tumor‑suppressing effect of livin in human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Firstly, small interfering (si)RNA technology was used to down regulate livin expression; siRNA-mediated knockdown of livin was confirmed using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, and cell proliferations was assessed using an MTT assay in vitro. Secondly, inhibition of livin expression was induced through the synergistic inhibitory effect between flavopiridol and tumor necrosis factor‑related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Experimental results revealed that, following transfection of the livin gene-silencing vector, the gene expression of livin was markedly decreased, SPC-A1 cell proliferation was significantly reduced and the therapeutic effect of the chemotherapy drug cisplatin was markedly improved. This growth inhibitory effect was also observed in the flavopiridol and TRAIL combination treatment group. In the flavopiridol and TRAIL combination treatment group, the protein expression of livin was significantly reduced and the survival rate of SPC‑A1 cells was significantly lower than the flavopiridol and TRAIL single operation group. In conclusion, the RNA silencing and the synergistic inhibitory effect between flavopiridol with TRAIL was able to effectively inhibit the expression of livin, significantly decrease SPC-A1 tumor cell proliferation and significantly enhance sensitivity to the chemotherapy drug cisplatin. These findings suggest that livin may be used as a novel target for tumor gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhuang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Li-Da Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Run-Xiang Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Qin-Yong Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Lin Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Chao Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Qing Bi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Nan Tao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Nan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Qing Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Yunnan 650011, P.R. China
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8
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Li G, Chang H, Zhai YP, Xu W. Targeted silencing of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins with siRNAs: a potential anti-cancer strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:4943-52. [PMID: 24175757 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.9.4943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies, with a very poor prognosis. Despite significant improvements in diagnosis and treatment in recent years, the long-term therapeutic efficacy is poor, partially due to tumor metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to chemo- or radio-therapy. Recently, it was found that a major feature of tumors is a combination of unrestrained cell proliferation and impaired apoptosis. There are now 8 recognized members of the IAP-family: NAIP, c-IAP1, c-IAP2, XIAP, Survivin, Bruce, Livin and ILP-2. These proteins all contribute to inhibition of apoptosis, and provide new potential avenues of cancer treatment. As a powerful tool to suppress gene expression in mammalian cells, RNAi species for inhibiting IAP genes can be directed against cancers. This review will provide a brief introduction to recent developments of the application IAP-siRNA in tumor studies, with the aim of inspiring future treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China E-mail :
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9
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Mai CW, Yaeghoobi M, Abd-Rahman N, Kang YB, Pichika MR. Chalcones with electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substituents: anticancer activity against TRAIL resistant cancer cells, structure-activity relationship analysis and regulation of apoptotic proteins. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 77:378-87. [PMID: 24675137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a series of 46 chalcones were synthesised and evaluated for antiproliferative activities against the human TRAIL-resistant breast (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231), cervical (HeLa), ovarian (Caov-3), lung (A549), liver (HepG2), colorectal (HT-29), nasopharyngeal (CNE-1), erythromyeloblastoid (K-562) and T-lymphoblastoid (CEM-SS) cancer cells. The chalcone 38 containing an amino (-NH2) group on ring A was the most potent and selective against cancer cells. The effects of the chalcone 38 on regulation of 43 apoptosis-related markers in HT-29 cells were determined. The results showed that 20 apoptotic markers (Bad, Bax, Bcl-2, Bcl-w, Bid, Bim, CD40, Fas, HSP27, IGF-1, IGFBP-4, IGFBP-5, Livin, p21, Survivin, sTNF-R2, TRAIL-R2, XIAP, caspase-3 and caspase-8) were either up regulated or down regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wai Mai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Marzieh Yaeghoobi
- Drug Design and Development Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noorsaadah Abd-Rahman
- Drug Design and Development Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yew Beng Kang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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10
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Ou JM, Ye B, Qiu MK, Dai YX, Dong Q, Shen J, Dong P, Wang XF, Liu YB, Quan ZW, Fei ZW. Knockdown of Livin inhibits growth and invasion of gastric cancer cells through blockade of the MAPK pathway in vitro and in vivo. Int J Oncol 2013; 44:276-84. [PMID: 24220265 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Livin, a novel member of the human inhibitors of apoptosis protein family, has been shown to be critical for tumor progression and poor prognosis for several types of malignancies. However, limited reports exist regarding the biological functions of Livin in human gastric cancer (GC). The present study investigated the clinical significance of Livin and caspase-3 (CAS-3) in human GC using immunohistochemistry assay, and explore the potential using RNA interference to knockdown Livin expression, including the subsequent effects on tumor growth and invasion in GC cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that the rate of positive expression of Livin was significantly higher in GC tissues compared to that in adjacent non-cancer tissues (ANCT) (64.1 vs. 30.8%, P<0.001), while CAS-3 was lower in GC tissues than in ANCT (33.3 vs. 66.7%, P=0.001). Livin expression was positively correlated with tumor differentiation and lymph node metastases (P=0.009; P=0.007), while CAS-3 was negatively correlated with them (P=0.036; P=0.002) in patients with GC. Furthermore, knockdown of Livin inhibited cell proliferative activities and invasive potential, and induced cell in situ apoptosis in GC cells, accompanied with decreased expression of p38 MAPK, VEGF and MMP-2 and increased expression of CAS-3. In addition, the tumor volumes in the SGC7901 subcutaneous nude mouse model treated with Lv-shLivin was significantly smaller compared to those of the PBS group (P<0.01). Taken together, our findings indicate that the expression of Livin is increased in human GC and correlates with tumor differentiation and lymph node metastases, while knockdown of Livin inhibits cell growth and invasion through blockade of the MAPK pathway in GC cells, suggesting that Livin may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-M Ou
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
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11
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Wang K, Lin B. Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) as regulatory factors of hepatic apoptosis. Cell Signal 2013; 25:1970-80. [PMID: 23770286 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
IAPs are a group of regulatory proteins that are structurally related. Their conserved homologues have been identified in various organisms. In human, eight IAP members have been recognized based on baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR) domains. IAPs are key regulators of apoptosis, cytokinesis and signal transduction. The antiapoptotic property of IAPs depends on their professional role for caspases. IAPs are functionally non-equivalent and regulate effector caspases through distinct mechanisms. IAPs impede apoptotic process via membrane receptor-dependent (extrinsic) cascade and mitochondrial dependent (intrinsic) pathway. IAP-mediated apoptosis affects the progression of liver diseases. Therapeutic options of liver diseases may depend on the understanding toward mechanisms of the IAP-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Wang
- Departments of Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL 61605, USA.
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12
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Li X, Fan S, Li L, Wang L, Fan G, Zhao Q, Li Y. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of Livin suppresses cell proliferation and invasion and enhances the chemosensitivity to cisplatin in human osteosarcoma cells. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:159-68. [PMID: 23632777 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Livin is a novel member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family that has been reported to be overexpressed in a variety of human malignancies, including osteosarcoma. However, the potential roles of Livin in tumorigenesis have not been elucidated. In the present study, we employed RNA interference (RNAi) technology to suppress endogenous Livin expression in osteosarcoma cells and successfully generated a U2-OS cell line with stably knockdown of Livin. Functional analysis showed that knockdown of Livin significantly reduced cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasion and migration capacities of U2-OS cells in vitro. Moreover, specific downregulation of Livin led to cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and eventual apoptosis. Meanwhile, western blot analysis revealed that cells with stably knockdown of Livin showed decreased expression levels of Cyclin D1, Bcl-2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, but increased expression levels of activated Caspase-3, Bax and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) compared to those transfected with a control vector. We also observed that suppression of Livin expression in osteosarcoma cells increased their chemosensitivity to cisplatin. Taken together, our data suggest that Livin is involved in tumorigenesis of human osteosarcoma and may serve as a promising therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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13
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Paban V, Billard JM, Bouet V, Freret T, Boulouard M, Chambon C, Loriod B, Alescio-Lautier B. Genomic transcriptional profiling in LOU/C/Jall rats identifies genes for successful aging. Brain Struct Funct 2012; 218:1501-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-012-0472-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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