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Park JA, Park S, Park HB, Han MK, Lee Y. MUC1-C Contributes to the Maintenance of Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Promotes Somatic Cell Reprogramming. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:1082-1091. [PMID: 34514853 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein overexpressed in several cancer cells in which it regulates cell surface properties, tumor invasion, and cell death. Recently, we reported that MUC1-C, the C-terminal subunit of MUC1, is involved in the growth of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. However, the functional significance of MUC1-C in human ES cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression and function of MUC1-C in human ES cells. Based on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and confocal microscopy following immunostaining, undifferentiated human ES cells expressed MUC1-C and the expression level decreased during differentiation. Inhibition of MUC1-C, by the peptide inhibitor GO201 that targets the cytoplasmic domain of MUC1-C (MUC1-CD), reduced cell proliferation and OCT4 protein expression, and promoted cell death. Moreover, the inhibition of MUC1-C increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and downregulated expression of glycolysis-related enzymes. These findings indicate that expression and function of MUC1-C are required for stem cell properties involved in cell proliferation, maintenance of pluripotency and optimal ROS levels, and a high glycolytic flux in human ES cells. In addition, forced overexpression of MUC1-CD increased the efficiency of reprogramming from fibroblast cells to induced pluripotent stem cells, suggesting that MUC1-C expression can contribute to the reprogramming process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-A Park
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangkyu Park
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Bum Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Kwan Han
- Department of Microbiology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghee Lee
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Nehdi A, Samman N, Mashhour A, Alhallaj A, Trivilegio T, Gul S, Reinshagen J, Alaskar A, Gmati G, Abuelgasim KA, Mansour F, Boudjelal M. A Drug Repositioning Approach Identifies a Combination of Compounds as a Potential Regimen for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Treatment. Front Oncol 2021; 11:579488. [PMID: 34123769 PMCID: PMC8195271 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.579488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug repositioning is a promising and powerful innovative strategy in the field of drug discovery. In this study, we screened a compound-library containing 800 Food and Drug Administration approved drugs for their anti-leukemic effect. All screening activities made use of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), isolated from healthy or leukemic donors. Compounds with confirmed cytotoxicity were selected and classified in three groups: i) anti-neoplastic compounds which are drugs used in leukemia treatment, ii) compounds known to have an anti-cancer effect and iii) compounds demonstrating an anti-leukemic potential for the first time. The latter group was the most interesting from a drug repositioning perspective and yielded a single compound, namely Isoprenaline which is a non-selective β-adrenergic agonist. Analysis of the cytotoxic effect of this drug indicated that it induces sustainable intracellular ATP depletion leading, over time, to necrotic cell death. We exploited the Isoprenaline-induced intracellular ATP depletion to sensitize primary leukemic cells to fludarabine (purine analogue) and Ibrutinib (Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor) treatment. In-vitro treatment of primary leukemic cells with a combination of Isoprenaline/fludarabine or Isoprenaline/Ibrutinib showed a very high synergistic effect. These combinations could constitute a new efficient regimen for CLL treatment following successful evaluation in animal models and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atef Nehdi
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nosaibah Samman
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Mashhour
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alshaimaa Alhallaj
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thadeo Trivilegio
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheraz Gul
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME-ScreeningPort, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jeanette Reinshagen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME-ScreeningPort, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ahmed Alaskar
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Division of Hematology & HCT, Department of Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal Gmati
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Division of Hematology & HCT, Department of Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadega A Abuelgasim
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Division of Hematology & HCT, Department of Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah Mansour
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Boudjelal
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Garcia-Alegria E, Potts B, Menegatti S, Kouskoff V. In vitro differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to hemogenic endothelium and blood progenitors via embryoid body formation. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100367. [PMID: 33718891 PMCID: PMC7933812 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the emergence of blood progenitors during human embryogenesis due to ethical reasons and restricted embryo access. The use of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) as a model system offers unique opportunities to dissect human blood cell formation. Here, we describe a protocol allowing the differentiation of hESCs via embryoid bodies toward hemogenic endothelium and its subsequent differentiation to blood progenitors. This protocol relies on the formation of embryoid bodies, which is tricky if not carefully performed. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Garcia-Alegria et al. (2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Garcia-Alegria
- Developmental Haematopoiesis Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- Stem Cell Process Development, Adaptimmune Ltd., 60 Jubilee Avenue Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RX, UK
| | - Bethany Potts
- Developmental Haematopoiesis Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Sara Menegatti
- Developmental Haematopoiesis Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- CytoSeek Ltd, Unit Dx, Albert Road, Bristol BS2 0XJ, UK
| | - Valerie Kouskoff
- Developmental Haematopoiesis Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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Vuong LM, Pan S, Donovan PJ. Proteome Profile of Endogenous Retrotransposon-Associated Complexes in Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1900169. [PMID: 31219246 PMCID: PMC8054700 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Long Interspersed Element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) are transposable elements similar to retroviruses that have existed in the genome of primates for millions of years. They encode two Open Reading Frame (ORF) proteins (ORF1p and ORF2p) that bind L1 RNA to form a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex and are required for L1 integration into the host genome. Humans have evolved with L1 and found ways to limit L1 activity. To identify partners of the L1 RNP, previous studies used ectopic expression of L1 ORF1/2p or RNA in various cancer cells, which express low levels of the ORF proteins. Whether naturally occurring L1 RNP interacts with the same proteins in non-cancer cells is unknown. Here, the aim is to examine the natural assembly of endogenous L1 RNPs in normal human cells. L1 elements are expressed in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), derived from pre-implantation embryos. Therefore, these cells are used to immunoprecipitate ORF1p followed by MS to identify proteins that associate with the naturally-occurring L1 ORF1p. Some of the same proteins as well as unique proteins are found interacting with the endogenous L1 ORF1p complexes. The analysis of ORF1p-associated proteins in hESCs can help address important questions in both retrotransposon biology and the biology of hESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh M. Vuong
- Departments of Developmental and Cell Biology
- Departments of Biological Chemistry, UCI
| | - Songqin Pan
- W.M. Keck Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Integrated Genome Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, UCR
| | - Peter J. Donovan
- Departments of Developmental and Cell Biology
- Departments of Biological Chemistry, UCI
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