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Ma J, Yong L, Lei P, Li H, Fang Y, Wang L, Chen H, Zhou Q, Wu W, Jin L, Sun D, Zhang X. Advances in microRNA from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome: focusing on wound healing. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:9565-9577. [PMID: 36398750 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01987f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Skin wounds are a common condition causing economic burden and they represent an urgent clinical need, especially chronic wounds. Numerous studies have been conducted on the applications of stem cell therapy in wound healing, with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) playing a major role since they can be isolated easily, yielding a high number of cells, the less invasive harvesting required, the longer life span and no ethical issues. However, the lack of standardized doses and protocols, the heterogeneity of clinical trials, as well as the incompatibility of the immune system limit its application. Recent studies have demonstrated that specific stem cell functions depend on paracrine factors, including extracellular vesicles, in which microRNAs in exosomes (Exo-miRNAs) are essential in controlling their functions. This paper describes the application and mechanism whereby ADMSC-Exo-miRNA regulates wound healing. ADMSC-Exo-miRNA is involved in various stages in wounds, including modulating the immune response and inflammation, accelerating skin cell proliferation and epithelialization, promoting vascular repair, and regulating collagen remodeling thereby reducing scar formation. In summary, this acellular therapy based on ADMSC-Exo-miRNA has considerable clinical potential, and provides reference values for developing new treatment strategies for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Ling Yong
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Pengyu Lei
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Hua Li
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yimeng Fang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Haojie Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou325000, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Libo Jin
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Da Sun
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China. .,Wenzhou City and Kunlong Technology Co., Ltd Joint Doctoral Innovation Station, Wenzhou Association for Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou325000, China.
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Md Fadilah NI, Mohd Abdul Kader Jailani MS, Badrul Hisham MAI, Sunthar Raj N, Shamsuddin SA, Ng MH, Fauzi MB, Maarof M. Cell secretomes for wound healing and tissue regeneration: Next generation acellular based tissue engineered products. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221114273. [PMID: 35923177 PMCID: PMC9340325 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221114273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound represents a significant socioeconomic burden for both affected individuals and as a whole healthcare system. Accordingly, stem cells have garnered attention due to their differentiation capacity and ability to aid tissue regeneration by releasing biologically active molecules, found in the cells' cultivated medium which known as conditioned medium (CM) or secretomes. This acellular approach provides a huge advantage over conventional treatment options, which are mainly used cellular treatment at wound closure. Interestingly, the secretomes contained the cell-secreted proteins such as growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, extracellular matrix (ECM), and small molecules including metabolites, microvesicles, and exosomes. This review aims to provide a general view on secretomes and how it is proven to have great potential in accelerating wound healing. Utilizing the use of secretomes with its secreted proteins and suitable biomaterials for fabrications of acellular skin substitutes can be promising in treating skin loss and accelerate the healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Izzah Md Fadilah
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | | | - Muhd Aliff Iqmal Badrul Hisham
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Nithiaraj Sunthar Raj
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Sharen Aini Shamsuddin
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
| | - Manira Maarof
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
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Abdul Kareem N, Aijaz A, Jeschke MG. Stem Cell Therapy for Burns: Story so Far. Biologics 2021; 15:379-397. [PMID: 34511880 PMCID: PMC8418374 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s259124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Burn injuries affect approximately 11 million people annually, with fatalities amounting up to 180,000. Burn injuries constitute a global health issue associated with high morbidity and mortality. Recent years have seen advancements in regenerative medicine for burn wound healing encompassing stem cells and stem cell-derived products such as exosomes and conditioned media with promising results compared to current treatment approaches. Sources of stem cells used for treatment vary ranging from hair follicle stem cells, embryonic stem cells, umbilical cord stem cells, to mesenchymal stem cells, such as adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and even stem cells harvested from discarded burn tissue. Stem cells utilize various pathways for wound healing, such as PI3/AKT pathway, WNT-β catenin pathway, TGF-β pathway, Notch and Hedgehog signaling pathway. Due to the paracrine signaling mechanism of stem cells, exosomes and conditioned media derived from stem cells have also been utilized in burn wound therapy. As exosomes and conditioned media are cell-free therapy and contain various biomolecules that facilitate wound healing, they are gaining popularity as an alternative treatment strategy with significant improvement in outcomes. The treatment is provided either as direct injections or embedded in a natural/artificial scaffold. This paper reviews in detail the different sources of stem cells, stem cell-derived products, their efficacy in burn wound repair, associated signaling pathways and modes of delivery for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayesha Aijaz
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marc G Jeschke
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Zhang B, Wu Y, Mori M, Yoshimura K. Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Conditioned Medium and Wound Healing: A Systematic Review. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:830-847. [PMID: 34409890 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have been growing in popularity for their potential in wound healing and tissue engineering. Stem cell therapies are limited in application, with the need to maintain cell viability and function as well as safety concerns. It has been increasingly reported that the effects of ASCs are predominantly attributable to the paracrine effects of the secreted factors, which can be collected in conditioned medium (CM). The goal of this systematic review is to investigate the effects on wound healing of CM collected from ASC culture. Original articles relevant to ASC-CM and wound healing (in vitro: dermal fibroblast, epidermal keratinocytes and their equivalent cell lines; in vivo: full-thickness wound models) were included. The agreement level of selections between two investigators were calculated by the kappa scores. And the information concerning to the publications, CM preparation and its application and effects were extracted and reported in a systematic way and summarized in tables. In total, 121 publications were initially identified through a search of the PubMed/MEDLINE database with a specific search algorithm, and 36 articles were ultimately included after two screenings. Nineteen were in vitro studies that met the search criteria and 17 were in vivo studies with or without in vitro data. In summary, based on the included articles, treatment with ASC conditioned medium (ASC-CM), to a large extent, resulted in positive effects on wound healing in vitro and in vivo. Modulation of the culture conditions of ASCs producing the CM, including hypoxic conditions, alternative substrates, medium supplementation, as well as genetic modification of cells, favorably promoted the effects of ASC-CM. Finally, a discussion of the future perspectives and therapeutic potential of ASC-CM, which also addresses the limitations of the field, is presented. A limitation of the evidence is the inconsistency in CM preparation methods among included articles. In conclusion, ASC-CM is a promising novel cell-free therapy for wound healing in regenerative medicine and warrants further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihang Zhang
- Jichi Medical University, 12838, Department of Plastic Surgery, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan;
| | - Yunyan Wu
- Jichi Medical University, 12838, Department of Plastic Surgery, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan;
| | - Masanori Mori
- Jichi Medical University, 12838, Department of Plastic surgery, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan;
| | - Kotaro Yoshimura
- Jichi Medical University, 12838, Department of Plastic Surgery, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan;
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Montero-Vilchez T, Sierra-Sánchez Á, Sanchez-Diaz M, Quiñones-Vico MI, Sanabria-de-la-Torre R, Martinez-Lopez A, Arias-Santiago S. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Conditioned Medium for Skin Diseases: A Systematic Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:654210. [PMID: 34368115 PMCID: PMC8343397 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.654210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ of the human body, and its dysfunction is related to many diseases. There is a need to find new potential effective therapies for some skin conditions such as inflammatory diseases, wound healing, or hair restoration. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-conditioned medium (CM) provides a potential opportunity in the treatment of skin disease. Thus, the objective of this review is to evaluate the uses of MSC-CM for treating skin diseases in both animal and human models. A systematic review was conducted regarding the use of MSC-CM for treating skin conditions. One hundred one studies were analyzed. MSC-CM was evaluated in wound healing (55), hypertrophic scars (9), flap reperfusion (4), hair restoration (15), skin rejuvenation (15), and inflammatory skin diseases (3). MSC-CM was obtained from different MSC sources, mainly adipose tissue, bone marrow, and umbilical cord blood. MSC-CM was tested intravenously, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, intradermally or intralesionally injected or topically applied. MSC-CM was used in both animals and humans. MSC-CM improved wound healing, hair restoration, skin rejuvenation, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis in both animals and humans. MSC-CM also decreased hypertrophic scars and flap ischemia in animal models. In conclusion, MSC-CM is a promising therapy for skin conditions. Further studies are needed to corroborate safety and effectiveness and to standardize CM manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinidad Montero-Vilchez
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sierra-Sánchez
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Diaz
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Quiñones-Vico
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Sanabria-de-la-Torre
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Martinez-Lopez
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Salvador Arias-Santiago
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Lee JY, Lee SH, Kim KS, Park KH, Park KS. Ell3 functions as a critical decision maker at the crossroad between stem cell senescence and apoptosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:32. [PMID: 30654843 PMCID: PMC6335702 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1137-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ell3 is a RNA polymerase II elongation factor that has various cell type-dependent functions, such as regulating the differentiation efficiency of embryonic stem cells and sensitizing cancer cells to anticancer drugs. However, there has been little research on the role of Ell3 on the regulation of senescence and apoptosis of stem cells. Methods We analyzed the senescence of Ell3-suppressed stem cells by mitochondrial activity, β-gal (+) cells, and lineage differentiation efficiency. The apoptosis of Ell3-overexpressing stem cells was analyzed by Annexin V staining, Immunoblot, and Live&dead assay. In addition, chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays were used to demonstrate p53 functions as a direct transcriptional activator of Ell3. Results Suppression of Ell3 expression induced senescence in stem cells by increasing Bcl-2 expression. Unlike the effect of Ell3 suppression, the ectopic expression of Ell3 induces apoptosis of stem cells and induces apoptosis of adjacent cells. In addition, p53 functions as a direct transcriptional activator of Ell3 during the stem cell apoptosis. Conclusions We suggest that the function of Ell3 is associated with the p53-Bcl2 axis in both senescent and apoptotic ADSCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1137-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Yong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science and CHA Stem Cell Institute, CHA University, 335, Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-400, Korea
| | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science and CHA Stem Cell Institute, CHA University, 335, Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-400, Korea
| | - Kwang-Soo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science and CHA Stem Cell Institute, CHA University, 335, Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-400, Korea
| | - Keun-Hong Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science and CHA Stem Cell Institute, CHA University, 335, Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-400, Korea
| | - Kyung-Soon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science and CHA Stem Cell Institute, CHA University, 335, Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-400, Korea.
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Novel trends in application of stem cells in skin wound healing. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 843:307-315. [PMID: 30537490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The latest findings indicate the huge therapeutic potential of stem cells in regenerative medicine, including the healing of chronic wounds. Main stem cell types involved in wound healing process are: epidermal and dermal stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). In the therapy of chronic wounds, they can be administrated either topically or using different matrix like hydrogels, scaffolds, dermal substitutes and extracellular matrix (ECM) derivatives. Stem cells are proven to positively influence wound healing by different direct and indirect mechanisms including residing cells stimulation, biomolecules release, inflammation control and ECM remodelling. MSCs are especially worth mentioning as they can be easily derived from bone-marrow or adipose tissue. Apart from traditional approach of administering living stem cells to wounds, new trends have emerged in recent years. Good healing results are obtained using stem cell secretome alone, for example exosomes or conditioned media. There are also attempts to improve healing potential of stem cells by their co-culture with other cell types as well as by their genetic modifications or pretreatment using different chemicals or cell media. Moreover, stem cells have been tested for novel therapeutic purposes like for example acute burns and have been used in experiments on large animal models including pigs and sheep. In this review we discuss the role of stem cells in skin wound healing acceleration. In addition, we analyse possible new strategies of stem cells application in treatment of chronic wounds.
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