Objective Spectrometric Measurement of Keloid Color in the East Asian Population: Pitfalls of Subjective Color Measurements

Adding herbal extracts to silicone gel on post-sternotomy scar: a prospective randomised double-blind study

OBJECTIVE

Silicone gel has been shown effective in improving healing post-sternotomy scars. It remains to be determined whether adding herbal extracts to the gel would augment the healing effect.

METHOD

After median sternotomy, patients were randomised into two groups. Group 1: topical silicone gel plus herbal extract gel (Allium cepa, Centella Asiatica, Aloe vera and Paper Mulberry) and Group 2: silicone gel. Patients were treated for six months. The postoperative scars were assessed at three and six months by plastic surgeons using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) and the patient assessment scar scale.

RESULTS

Each group comprised 23 patients (n=46 in total). The VSS was significantly lower in Group 1 than in Group 2 (p=0.018 and p=0.051, respectively). In Group 1, the four differences from baseline were vascularity scores at three and six months (-0.391, p=0.025; -0.435, p=0.013, respectively), and pigmentation scores at three and six months (-0.391, p=0.019; -0.609, p=0.000, respectively). In Group 2, differences from baseline were the pigmentation and vascularity score at six months (-0.6609, p=0.000; -0.348, p=0.046, respectively).

CONCLUSION

Our results suggest, post-sternotomy scars trend to have better vascularity and pigmentation when treated with silicone gel plus herbal extracts.

Inhibitory effect of timolol on topical glucocorticoid‑induced skin telangiectasia

The aim of the present study wasto investigate the potential inhibitory effect of timolol on topical glucocorticoid-induced skin telangiectasia. In rabbits, flumethasone ointment was used to induce skin telangiectasia in the inner ear. Subsequently, timolol maleate (0.5%) eye drops (TMEDs) were administered twice daily for 4 weeks. Expression of the antibacterial peptides 37-amino acid peptide (LL-37) and kallikrein-5 (KLK5) was detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and semi-quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. In patients with facial skin telangiectasia, one cheek of each patient was assigned to a treatment group and the other to a control group. For the treatment group cheeks, topical application of TMEDs was combined with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment once or twice daily for 8 weeks. The control group cheeks were administered with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment alone. Alterations in lesions were recorded by dermoscopy, and the L, a and b values of lesions were measured, based on the Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage system, with a chromameter prior to and at 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks following treatment. The results indicated that erythema, papules and telangiectasia were significantly diminished following 4 weeks of treatment with TMEDs in rabbits. Notably, the expression of LL-37 and KLK5 mRNA was increased in the negative control group; however, it was decreased in the trial and blank groups. Clinical and dermoscopy images demonstrated that erythema was reduced in the 2 groups for 1 week, and that telangiectasia in the treatment group was markedly reduced compared with the control group at 4 weeks. The difference of the L and a values of lesions between the treatment and control group was significant (P<0.05). Overall, the present results suggested that the abnormal expression of LL-37 may be one of the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of facial corticosteroid addiction dermatitis (FCAD) and TMEDs may inhibit the mRNA expression of LL-37 by downregulating KLK5; in this regard, TMEDs may serve a role in attenuating telangiectasia, which may be beneficial in improving the telangiectasia symptoms of FCAD.