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Zhao Y, Guo H. A novel medium for long-term primary culture of hemocytes of Metapenaeus ensis. MethodsX 2023; 11:102335. [PMID: 37662999 PMCID: PMC10472282 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of a suitable shrimp cell medium is essential for achieving a long-term cell culture and finite cell line of shrimps routinely. In this study, we have successfully developed an optimal shrimp cell medium that can be used for long-term in vitro culture and continuous subculture of the hemolymph cells (or hemocytes) of greasyback shrimp Metapenaeus ensis, designated as MeH cells, by shrimp serum-based and supplements-based optimization of the basic and growth medium. In this article, we have focused on the details for the preparation of the optimal shrimp cell medium by diluting and mixing of various stock solutions as well as the methods for isolation and primary culture of MeH cells.•A novel shrimp cell growth medium is developed for long-term shrimp hemocytes culture.•The preparation method of shrimp cell growth medium is successfully established.•Obvious cell activity and proliferation potential of isolated shrimp cells can be maintained beyond 30 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Huarong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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Morgan SR, Paletto L, Rumney B, Malik FT, White N, Lewis PN, Parker AR, Holden S, Meek KM, Albon J. Establishment of long-term ostracod epidermal culture. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2020; 56:760-772. [PMID: 33034828 PMCID: PMC7658072 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00508-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Primary crustacean cell culture was introduced in the 1960s, but to date limited cell lines have been established. Skogsbergia lerneri is a myodocopid ostracod, which has a body enclosed within a thin, durable, transparent bivalved carapace, through which the eye can see. The epidermal layer lines the inner surface of the carapace and is responsible for carapace synthesis. The purpose of the present study was to develop an in vitro epidermal tissue and cell culture method for S. lerneri. First, an optimal environment for the viability of this epidermal tissue was ascertained, while maintaining its cell proliferative capacity. Next, a microdissection technique to remove the epidermal layer for explant culture was established and finally, a cell dissociation method for epidermal cell culture was determined. Maintenance of sterility, cell viability and proliferation were key throughout these processes. This novel approach for viable S. lerneri epidermal tissue and cell culture augments our understanding of crustacean cell biology and the complex biosynthesis of the ostracod carapace. In addition, these techniques have great potential in the fields of biomaterial manufacture, the military and fisheries, for example, in vitro toxicity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siân R Morgan
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
- Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering and Repair, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Laura Paletto
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
- Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering and Repair, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
- Vivat Scientia Bioimaging Laboratories, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Benjamin Rumney
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
- Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering and Repair, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
- Vivat Scientia Bioimaging Laboratories, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Farhana T Malik
- Lifescaped, Somerset House, London, WC2R 1LA, UK
- Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6HD, UK
| | - Nick White
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
- Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering and Repair, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
- Vivat Scientia Bioimaging Laboratories, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Philip N Lewis
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
- Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering and Repair, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Andrew R Parker
- Lifescaped, Somerset House, London, WC2R 1LA, UK
- Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6HD, UK
| | - Simon Holden
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (DSTL), Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JQ, UK
| | - Keith M Meek
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
- Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering and Repair, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Julie Albon
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.
- Cardiff Institute for Tissue Engineering and Repair, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK.
- Vivat Scientia Bioimaging Laboratories, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.
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Rinkevich B. Marine invertebrate cell cultures: new millennium trends. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2005; 7:429-39. [PMID: 16132466 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-004-0108-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2004] [Accepted: 05/07/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This review analyzes activities in the field of marine invertebrate cell culture during the years 1999 to 2004 and compares the outcomes with those of the preceding decade (1988 to 1998). During the last 5 years, 90 reports of primary cell culture studies of marine organisms belonging to only 6 taxa (Porifera, Cnidaria, Crustacea, Mollusca, Echinodermata, and Urochordata) have been published. This figure represents a 2-fold increase in the annual number of publications over the decade 1988 to 1998. Three other trends distinguish the two reviewed periods. First, in recent years studies attempting to improve cell culture methodologies have decreased, while interest in applications of already existing methodologies has increased. This reflects the effects of short-term cultures in attracting new researchers and scientific disciplines to the field. Second, only 17.8% of the recent publications used long-term cultures, compared with 30.0% of the publications in the previous decade. Third, during recent years research in cell cultures has studied fewer model species more extensively (mainly, Botryllus schlosseri, Crassostrea, Mytilus, Penaeus, and Suberites domuncula), signifying a shift from previous investigations that had studied a more diverse range of organisms. From 1988 to 1998 the phylum Mollusca was the most studied taxon (34.4%), but recent years have seen more studies of Porifera and Crustacea (30.0% and 32.2% of publications) than of Mollusca (21.1%). Still, not even a single established cell line from any marine invertebrate has yet been made available. However, the use of new cellular, genomic, and proteomic tools may fundamentally change our strategy for the development of cell cultures from marine invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baruch Rinkevich
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, Tel-Shikmona, P.O. Box 8030, Haifa, 31080, Israel.
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Abstract
Diseases caused by viruses especially by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) are the greatest challenge to worldwide shrimp aquaculture. The innate immunity of shrimp has attracted extensive attention, but no factor involved in the virus resistance has been reported. Here we report for the first time the identification of an antiviral gene from shrimp Penaeus monodon. A differential cDNA (designated as PmAV) cloned from virus-resistant shrimp P. monodon by differential display (DD) was found to have an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 170 amino acid peptide with a C-type lectin-like domain (CTLD). The PmAV gene was expressed in Escherichia coli and the protein was purified. Recombinant PmAV protein displayed a strong antiviral activity in inhibiting virus-induced cytopathic effect in fish cell in vitro. Moreover, native PmAV protein was isolated from shrimp hemolymph by immuno-affinity chromatography and confirmed by Western blot. No agglutination activity was observed both in recombinant and native PmAV protein. Immunohistological study showed that PmAV protein was located mainly in the cytoplasm, and not bound to the shrimp WSSV. It implies that the antiviral mechanism of PmAV protein is not by inhibiting the attachment of virus to target host cell. The discovery of PmAV gene might provide a clue to elucidate the innate immunity of marine invertebrates and would be helpful to shrimp viral disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, PR China
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