1
|
Thermography as a tool to assess training effects in military working dogs. J Therm Biol 2023; 112:103441. [PMID: 36796896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Military working dogs are exposed to high levels of physical load during their work, although this is not always evident from their behaviour. This workload causes various physiological changes, including variation in the temperature of the affected body parts. In this preliminary study, we investigated whether thermal changes following the daily work routine of military dogs are detectable by infrared thermography (IRT). The experiment was carried out on eight male German and Belgian shepherd patrol guard dogs performing two training activities, obedience and defence. The surface temperature (Ts) of 12 selected body parts on both body sides was measured with the IRT camera 5 min before, 5 min after and 30 min after training. As predicted, there was a greater increase in Ts (mean of all measured body parts) after defence than after obedience, 5 min (by 1.24 vs. 0.60 °C, P < 0.001) and 30 min after activity (by 0.90vs. 0.57 °C, P < 0.01) compared to pre-activity levels. These findings indicate that defence is more physically demanding than obedience activity. Considering the activities separately, obedience increased Ts 5 min after the activity only in the trunk (P < 0.001) but not in the limbs, whereas defence increased it in all measured body parts (P < 0.001). Ts 30 min after obedience decreased to the pre-activity level in parts at trunk, while in distal parts of the limbs Ts remained elevated. The prolonged elevation in Ts of the limbs after both activities indicates heat flow from the core to the periphery as a thermoregulatory mechanism. The current study suggests that IRT may be a useful tool for assessing physical workload in different body parts of dogs.
Collapse
|
2
|
Sharp CR, Blais MC, Boyd CJ, Brainard BM, Chan DL, de Laforcade A, Goggs R, Guillaumin J, Lynch A, Mays E, McBride D, Rosati T, Rozanski EA. 2022 Update of the Consensus on the Rational Use of Antithrombotics and Thrombolytics in Veterinary Critical Care (CURATIVE) Domain 6: Defining rational use of thrombolytics. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2022; 32:446-470. [PMID: 35881647 PMCID: PMC9544803 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To systematically review available evidence and establish guidelines related to the use of thrombolytics for the management of small animals with suspected or confirmed thrombosis. DESIGN PICO (Population, Intervention, Control, and Outcome) questions were formulated, and worksheets completed as part of a standardized and systematic literature evaluation. The population of interest included dogs and cats (considered separately) and arterial and venous thrombosis. The interventions assessed were the use of thrombolytics, compared to no thrombolytics, with or without anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents. Specific protocols for recombinant tissue plasminogen activator were also evaluated. Outcomes assessed included efficacy and safety. Relevant articles were categorized according to level of evidence, quality, and as to whether they supported, were neutral to, or opposed the PICO questions. Conclusions from the PICO worksheets were used to draft guidelines, which were subsequently refined via Delphi surveys undertaken by the Consensus on the Rational Use of Antithrombotics and Thrombolytics in Veterinary Critical Care (CURATIVE) working group. RESULTS Fourteen PICO questions were developed, generating 14 guidelines. The majority of the literature addressing the PICO questions in dogs is experimental studies (level of evidence 3), thus providing insufficient evidence to determine if thrombolysis improves patient-centered outcomes. In cats, literature was more limited and often neutral to the PICO questions, precluding strong evidence-based recommendations for thrombolytic use. Rather, for both species, suggestions are made regarding considerations for when thrombolytic drugs may be considered, the combination of thrombolytics with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs, and the choice of thrombolytic agent. CONCLUSIONS Substantial additional research is needed to address the role of thrombolytics for the treatment of arterial and venous thrombosis in dogs and cats. Clinical trials with patient-centered outcomes will be most valuable for addressing knowledge gaps in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire R Sharp
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Marie-Claude Blais
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Corrin J Boyd
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin M Brainard
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Daniel L Chan
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Armelle de Laforcade
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Goggs
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Julien Guillaumin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Alex Lynch
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Erin Mays
- Veterinary Specialty Services, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Tommaso Rosati
- Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elizabeth A Rozanski
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zanuto EBM, Melo SR, Januário EV, Fernandes GAAL, Matera JM. Diagnostic Value and Application of Infrared Thermography in the Analysis of Circumanal Gland Tumors. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:692221. [PMID: 34386537 PMCID: PMC8354560 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.692221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In dogs, circumanal tumors are the third most common skin neoplasm. Circumanal gland adenomas (CAGAs) have a good prognosis. Contrastingly, circumanal gland adenocarcinomas (CAGAC) have high relapse rates and may be metastatic. This study aimed to investigate the utility of thermal imaging as an ancillary modality for the diagnosis of canine CAGA and CAGAC. We analyzed the following parameters: SpT, temperature measured at the tumor center; SpNT, temperature measured at a healthy sphincter skin spot distant from the tumor; TA, temperature measured at a tumor-encompassing ellipse-shaped area; and NTA, temperature measured at an ellipse-shaped area of the healthy sphincter skin distant from the tumor. In CAGAs, the mean SpT and SpNT temperature values differed by −1.45°C (p < 0.01) while the mean TA and NTA temperature values differed by −0.96°C (p < 0.05). In CAGACs, mean SpT and SpNT temperatures differed by −1.71°C (p < 0.01) while the mean TA and NTA temperatures differed by −1.69°C (p < 0.01). The mean SpT and TA temperature values measured in CAGAs and CAGACs differed by −0.10°C (p = 0.87) and 0.52°C (p = 0.38), respectively. Both tumors were colder than healthy sphincter skin. However, a substantial number of CAGACs were colder than CAGAs. Temperature differences ≥ 1°C between tumors and healthy sphincter skin increased the probability of CAGAC diagnosis by 17.45%. Thermal imaging allowed discrimination between healthy and tumoral tissues; therefore, it could be a good ancillary diagnostic modality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika B M Zanuto
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samanta R Melo
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eric V Januário
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Julia M Matera
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Angulo HL, Bach J, Snyder C, Walker J. Thermographic imaging in a dog with macroglossia from an encircling, strangulating lingual linear foreign body. Top Companion Anim Med 2021; 45:100556. [PMID: 34273587 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2021.100556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A dog presented 16 hours after an acute onset of severe generalized lingual swelling from an unknown cause. The dog had recently chewed a deer carcass. Initial physical examination and diagnostic testing did not reveal an underlying cause, and supportive care was provided. After 16 hours of hospitalization strangulating organic foreign material was found at the base of the tongue and removed. Macroglossia and secondary superficial lingual necrosis were successfully managed with supportive care while the patient was hospitalized. Thermographic imaging was used and indicated lingual hypothermia and subsequent normothermia, before and after removal of the linear foreign body respectively. Histopathologic analysis revealed the foreign body consisted of degenerate and autolyzed collagenous connective tissue, likely representing tissues such as tendon, fascia or a large thick-walled blood vessel which was suspected to have been consumed from the deer carcass. Thermographic imaging was employed and demonstrated to be consistent with hypoperfusion (hypothermia) of the affected tissue. Thermographic imaging adds value as an additional diagnostic tool for conditions with compromised blood flow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hernan Lizardo Angulo
- Dept of Medical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jonathan Bach
- Dept of Medical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Christopher Snyder
- Dept of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Julie Walker
- Dept of Medical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Andruzzi MN, Voges AK, Russell KE, Jeffery ND. Brachial artery thrombosis in a dog causing monoparesis mimicking nerve sheath tumor. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 35:2415-2420. [PMID: 34258788 PMCID: PMC8478059 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There are few differential diagnoses for non‐orthopedic thoracic limb lameness in adult dogs aside from nerve tumors and disk‐associated nerve compression; this report introduces another etiology. A 9‐year‐old male castrated mixed dog presented with an episodic history of nonweight‐bearing thoracic limb lameness. Additional clinical signs included an atrophied thoracic limb with cool paw pads and painful axillary region. Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, ultrasound, and exploratory surgery confirmed a chronic thrombus of the right brachial artery. No underlying cause for the thrombus was identified. The dog has been successfully managed on long‐term rivaroxaban and clopidogrel. Follow‐up ultrasound of the thrombus suggested early remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa N Andruzzi
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Studies, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Andra K Voges
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Studies, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Karen E Russell
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Nick D Jeffery
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Studies, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Goggs R, Blais MC, Brainard BM, Chan DL, deLaforcade AM, Rozanski E, Sharp CR. American College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care (ACVECC) Consensus on the Rational Use of Antithrombotics in Veterinary Critical Care (CURATIVE) guidelines: Small animal. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2019; 29:12-36. [PMID: 30654421 DOI: 10.1111/vec.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To systematically review available evidence and establish guidelines related to the risk of developing thrombosis and the management of small animals with antithrombotics. DESIGN Standardized, systematic evaluation of the literature (identified by searching Medline via PubMed and CAB abstracts) was carried out in 5 domains (Defining populations at risk; Defining rational therapeutic use; Defining evidence-based protocols; Refining and monitoring antithrombotic therapies; and Discontinuing antithrombotic therapies). Evidence evaluation was carried out using Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome generated within each domain questions to address specific aims. This was followed by categorization of relevant articles according to level of evidence and quality (Good, Fair, or Poor). Synthesis of these data led to the development of a series of statements. Consensus on the final guidelines was achieved via Delphi-style surveys. Draft recommendations were presented at 2 international veterinary conferences and made available for community assessment, review, and comment prior to final revisions and publication. SETTINGS Academic and referral veterinary medical centers. RESULTS Over 500 studies were reviewed in detail. Worksheets from all 5 domains generated 59 statements with 83 guideline recommendations that were refined during 3 rounds of Delphi surveys. A high degree of consensus was reached across all guideline recommendations. CONCLUSIONS Overall, systematic evidence evaluations yielded more than 80 recommendations for the treatment of small animals with or at risk of developing thrombosis. Numerous significant knowledge gaps were highlighted by the evidence reviews undertaken, indicating the need for substantial additional research in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Goggs
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY
| | - Marie-Claude Blais
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Benjamin M Brainard
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Daniel L Chan
- Department Clinical Science and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Armelle M deLaforcade
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA
| | - Elizabeth Rozanski
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA
| | - Claire R Sharp
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
deLaforcade A, Bacek L, Blais MC, Goggs R, Lynch A, Rozanski E. Consensus on the Rational Use of Antithrombotics in Veterinary Critical Care (CURATIVE): Domain 1-Defining populations at risk. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2019; 29:37-48. [PMID: 30654424 DOI: 10.1111/vec.12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Thrombosis is a well-recognized phenomenon in dogs and cats with a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. Despite growing awareness of thrombosis and increased use of antithrombotic therapy, there is little information in the veterinary literature to guide the use of anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications. The goal of Domain 1 was to explore the association between disease and thrombosis in a number of conditions identified as potential risk factors in the current veterinary literature, to provide the basis for prescribing recommendations. DESIGN A population exposure comparison outcome format was used to represent patient, exposure, comparison, and outcome. Population Exposure Comparison Outcome questions were distributed to worksheet authors who performed comprehensive searches, summarized the evidence, and created guideline recommendations that were reviewed by domain chairs. Revised guidelines then underwent the Delphi survey process to reach consensus on the final guidelines. Diseases evaluated included immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, protein-losing nephropathy, pancreatitis, glucocorticoid therapy, hyperadrenocorticism, neoplasia, sepsis, cerebrovascular disease, and cardiac disease. SETTINGS Academic and referral veterinary medical centers. RESULTS Of the diseases evaluated, a high risk for thrombosis was defined as dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia or protein-losing nephropathy, cats with cardiomyopathy and associated risk factors, or dogs/cats with >1 disease or risk factor for thrombosis. Low or moderate risk for thrombosis was defined as dogs or cats with a single risk factor or disease, or dogs or cats with known risk factor conditions that are likely to resolve in days to weeks following treatment. CONCLUSIONS Documented disease associations with thrombosis provide the basis for recommendations on prescribing provided in subsequent domains. Numerous knowledge gaps were identified that represent opportunities for future study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armelle deLaforcade
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, North Grafton, MA
| | - Lenore Bacek
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL
| | - Marie-Claude Blais
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Robert Goggs
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY
| | - Alex Lynch
- Department of Clinical Sciences, NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC
| | - Elizabeth Rozanski
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, North Grafton, MA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Brainard BM, Buriko Y, Good J, Ralph AG, Rozanski EA. Consensus on the Rational Use of Antithrombotics in Veterinary Critical Care (CURATIVE): Domain 5-Discontinuation of anticoagulant therapy in small animals. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2019; 29:88-97. [PMID: 30654425 DOI: 10.1111/vec.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To systematically evaluate the evidence supporting the timing and mechanisms of permanent or temporary discontinuation of antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications in small animals DESIGN: Standardized, systematic evaluation of the literature, categorization of relevant articles according to level of evidence and quality (poor, fair, or good), and development of consensus on conclusions via a Delphi-style survey for application of the concepts to clinical practice. SETTINGS Academic and referral veterinary medical centers. RESULTS Databases searched included Medline via PubMed and CAB abstracts. Two specific courses of inquiry were pursued, one focused on appropriate approaches to use for small animal patients receiving antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs and requiring temporary discontinuation of this therapy for the purposes of invasive procedures (eg, surgery), and the other aimed at decision-making for the complete discontinuation of anticoagulant medications. In addition, the most appropriate methodology for discontinuation of heparins was addressed. CONCLUSIONS To better define specific patient groups, a risk stratification characterization was developed. It is recommended to continue anticoagulant therapy through invasive procedures in patients at high risk for thrombosis that are receiving anticoagulant therapy, while consideration for discontinuation in patients with low to moderate risk of thrombosis is reasonable. In patients with thrombosis in whom the underlying cause for thrombosis has resolved, indefinite treatment with anticoagulant medication is not recommended. If the underlying cause is unknown or untreatable, anticoagulant medication should be continued indefinitely. Unfractionated heparin therapy should be slowly tapered rather than discontinued abruptly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Brainard
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Yekaterina Buriko
- Department of Clinical Studies, Philadelphia, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jennifer Good
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | | | - Elizabeth A Rozanski
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pouzot-Nevoret C, Barthélemy A, Goy-Thollot I, Boselli E, Cambournac M, Guillaumin J, Bonnet-Garin JM, Allaouchiche B. Infrared thermography: a rapid and accurate technique to detect feline aortic thromboembolism. J Feline Med Surg 2018; 20:780-785. [PMID: 28948905 PMCID: PMC11104137 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x17732485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of infrared thermography in cats with acute pelvic paralysis to differentiate feline aortic thromboembolism (FATE) from non-ischaemic conditions. Methods Thermographic images were prospectively obtained at admission from cats presented for acute bilateral pelvic paralysis. Based on the final diagnosis, cats were divided into a FATE and a control group (ischaemic and non-ischaemic related pelvic paralysis, respectively). The maximum (Tmax), minimum (Tmin) and average (Tav) temperatures were determined for each of the four limbs within a hand-drawn region of interest on the dorsal limb extremity. Temperature differences between the forelimb (non-affected) and hindlimb (affected) with the highest temperature (ΔT), with the lowest temperature (δT) and from the right and left side (RightΔT and LeftΔT, respectively) were calculated. Results The FATE and control groups included 10 and six cats, respectively. In the FATE group, right hindlimb mean Tmax (23.6°C ± 1.9), left hindlimb mean Tmax (23.6°C ± 2.2) and mean Tav (22.7°C ± 2.2) were significantly lower than in the control group (26.6°C ± 3.5 [ P = 0.042]; 26.6°C ± 2.4°C [ P = 0.024] and 25.7°C ± 2.0 [ P = 0.020], respectively). ΔT, δT, RightΔT and LeftΔT were significantly higher in the FATE group than in the control group. A cut-off value of 2.4°C for RightΔTmax and LeftΔTmax allowed discrimination between the FATE and control groups with a sensitivity of 80% and 90%, respectively, a specificity of 100% for both, a positive predictive value of 100% for both, and a negative predictive value of 75% and 86%, respectively. Conclusions and relevance A minimal difference of 2.4°C between ipsilateral affected and non-affected limbs has an excellent specificity and high sensitivity for FATE diagnosis. Infrared thermography seems to be a promising, useful, easy, non-invasive and rapid method for detecting aortic thromboembolism in cats, particularly in emergency situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Pouzot-Nevoret
- Intensive Care Unit (SIAMU), University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l’Etoile, France
- University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l’Étoile, France
| | - Anthony Barthélemy
- Intensive Care Unit (SIAMU), University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l’Etoile, France
- University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l’Étoile, France
| | - Isabelle Goy-Thollot
- Intensive Care Unit (SIAMU), University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l’Etoile, France
- University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l’Étoile, France
| | | | - Maxime Cambournac
- Intensive Care Unit (SIAMU), University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l’Etoile, France
- University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l’Étoile, France
| | - Julien Guillaumin
- Emergency and Critical Care, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Bernard Allaouchiche
- University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, APCSe, Marcy l’Étoile, France
- Civilian Hospital of Lyon, Central Hospital of South Lyon, Medical Resuscitation Service, Pierre-Bénite, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rekant SI, Lyons MA, Pacheco JM, Arzt J, Rodriguez LL. Veterinary applications of infrared thermography. Am J Vet Res 2016; 77:98-107. [PMID: 26709943 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.77.1.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal body temperature is a major indicator of disease; infrared thermography (IRT) can assess changes in body surface temperature quickly and remotely. This technology can be applied to a myriad of diseases of various etiologies across a wide range of host species in veterinary medicine. It is used to monitor the physiologic status of individual animals, such as measuring feed efficiency or diagnosing pregnancy. Infrared thermography has applications in the assessment of animal welfare, and has been used to detect soring in horses and monitor stress responses. This review addresses the variety of uses for IRT in veterinary medicine, including disease detection, physiologic monitoring, welfare assessment, and potential future applications.
Collapse
|