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Konnai M, Takahashi K, Machida Y, Michishita M, Ohkusu-Tsukada K. Intrahepatic eosinophilic proliferative phlebitis in Japanese black cattle indicate allergies involving mast cell tryptase-dependent activation. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:972180. [PMID: 36605763 PMCID: PMC9807620 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.972180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cow-specific feature hepatic lesion, termed as eosinophilic proliferative phlebitis (EPP), has been mainly detected in Japanese black cattle and identified histologically eosinophilic infiltration and endothelial hyperplasia in portal areas. We previously proposed EPP as a food allergy from the pathological characteristics and a significant increase of serum immunoglobulin E specific to curly dock (Rumex crispus) in allergens testing, however, first report had regarded EPP an atypical type of bovine fascioliasis. In EPP lesions, eosinophilic infiltration was observed to the hypertrophic endothelium and not to the intrahepatic bile duct, and that was related to eotaxin-1 expression. In EPP, the mast cells increased as well as in fascioliasis, and the mast cells producing tryptase without chymase increased with interleukin-4 production. In this context, hyperplasia of periendothelium expressing proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) and not angiotensin II was observed. Contrastably, in fascioliasis, unique mast cells producing neither tryptase nor chymase infiltrated, and the periendothelium expressed neither PAR-2 nor angiotensin II. Interestingly, EPP had not occurred liver injury with raised hepatic enzymes like fascioliasis, and suggested to a correlation with severe serum hypo-vitamin A. Overall, this study suggests that EPP is an allergic disease by main difference between adaptive immunity to allergens and innate immunity to parasites.
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Tao L, Liu K, Li J, Zhang Y, Cui L, Dong J, Meng X, Zhu G, Wang H. Selenomethionine alleviates NF-κB-mediated inflammation in bovine mammary epithelial cells induced by Escherichia coli by enhancing autophagy. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:108989. [PMID: 35785729 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is crucial for the maintenance of homeostasis under stimuli related to infection. Selenium (Se) plays variable roles in defence against infection and Selenomethionine (Se-Met) is a common Se supplementation. This study aimed to understand whether Se-Met could regulate the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway through autophagy. Mammary alveolar cell-T (MAC-T) was challenged with Escherichia coli (E. coli). Western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were used to detect the protein expression and mRNA expression of cytokines. Immunofluorescence assays were performed to observe the expression of intracellular LC3. The results showed that E. coli inhibited autophagy by decreasing the LC3-Ⅱ protein levels, and the Atg5 and Beclin1 protein levels were increased after 4 h. Infection also decreased the number of LC3 puncta. E. coli increased the phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα protein. Concomitantly, the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA increased at 3 and 4 h post-infection. We further explored the regulatory role of autophagy on NF-κB-mediated inflammation with autophagy modulators and shAtg5. The results indicated that the autophagy activator reduced the phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα and the mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α. Additionally, activating autophagy weakened the adhesion to MAC-T of E. coli. Autophagy inhibitors exacerbated NF-κB-mediated inflammation and strengthened the adhesion of E. coli to cells. We then examined the effects of Se-Met on NF-κB-mediated inflammation through autophagy. The data suggested that Se-Met enhanced LC3-II expression, inhibited the E. coli-induced phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα, and suppressed the adhesion ability of E. coli to MAC-T and that the effects of Se-Met in attenuating NF-κB-mediated inflammation were partially blocked by an autophagy inhibitor. In summary, Se-Met alleviated NF-κB-mediated inflammation induced by E. coli by enhancing autophagy in bovine mammary epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kangjun Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianji Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yihui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Experimental Farm of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Luying Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Junsheng Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xia Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
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Osawa T. Predisposing factors, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of persistent endometritis in postpartum cows. J Reprod Dev 2021; 67:291-299. [PMID: 34511538 PMCID: PMC8568609 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2021-052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A certain level of endometrial bacterial infection and inflammation is involved in bovine uterine involution during the puerperal period. Factors that hamper normal uterine involution
expose the uterine environment to pathological conditions, causing different endometritis levels. The lack of proper diagnostic tools extends the time to conception. Efforts have been made
to elucidate the postpartum uterine environment, including bacterial flora, changes in transient endometrial inflammation, and the pathophysiology of endometritis, to improve bovine
reproductive performance. E. coli and Trueperella pyogenes in the uterus are likely to cause persistent infection, and Mycoplasma
bovigenitalium infection is associated with dystocia and cytological endometritis in postpartum dairy cows. Due to the widespread use of cytobrush as a diagnostic tool for bovine
subclinical endometritis (SE) that enables quantification of the degree of inflammation, we found that endometritis at week 5 postpartum was associated with delayed first ovulation.
Approximately 30% of open cows have SE during the postpartum period, and cows with low blood glucose during prepartum have a high risk of developing SE. Additionally, cows with purulent
vaginal discharge do not always have endometritis but only vaginitis and/or cervicitis. Intrauterine infusion of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine (PVP-I) improves fertility and promotes
endometrial epithelial cell regeneration after inducing transient uterine inflammation, suggesting that PVP-I could be a good alternative to antibiotics. In conclusion, prepartum management
to prevent glucose deficiency, prompt diagnosis to identify causative agents and intrauterine inflammation levels, and appropriate treatment to minimize antimicrobial resistance is
beneficial for tackling endometritis and improving reproductive performance in bovine herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Osawa
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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The Antioxidant Properties of Selenium and Vitamin E; Their Role in Periparturient Dairy Cattle Health Regulation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101555. [PMID: 34679690 PMCID: PMC8532922 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dairy cattle experience health risks during the periparturient period. The continuous overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the transition from late gestation to peak lactation leads to the development of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is usually considered the main contributor to several diseases such as retained placenta, fatty liver, ketosis, mastitis and metritis in periparturient dairy cattle. The oxidative stress is generally balanced by the naturally available antioxidant system in the body of dairy cattle. However, in some special conditions, such as the peripariparturient period, the natural antioxidant system of a body is not able to balance the ROS production. To cope with this situation, the antioxidants are supplied to the dairy cattle from external sources. Natural antioxidants such as selenium and vitamin E have been found to restore normal health by minimizing the harmful effects of excessive ROS production. The deficiencies of Se and vitamin E have been reported to be associated with various diseases in periparturient dairy cattle. Thus in the current review, we highlight the new insights into the Se and vitamin E supplementation as antioxidant agents in the health regulation of periparturient dairy cattle.
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Juszczak-Czasnojć M, Tomza-Marciniak A. Ratio of selenium concentrations between soil, forage plants and blood serum of beef cattle studied in organic and conventional farms. Arch Anim Nutr 2021; 75:183-194. [PMID: 33938331 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2021.1913930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the selenium (Se) status of beef cattle from conventional farms with the status of cattle from organic farms located in western Pomerania and to determine the ratios of Se concentration between soil, forage plants and animals at these locations. The mean total Se (SeT) content in soil was 0.208 mg/kg dry matter (DM) on organic farms and 0.254 mg/kg DM on conventional farms. Animals from conventional farms had significantly (p < 0.05) higher serum Se concentration than those on organic farms. As Se deficiency were classified in 75% of animals from organic farms and in 42% animals from conventional farms. A lack of Se supplementation is associated with a serious risk of deficiency in ruminants, particularly in areas with low Se levels in the soil-plant system. Therefore, more attention should be devoted to increasing the bioavailability of Se for plants by enhancing the physicochemical properties of soil. In addition, the composition of swards for grazing should be adjusted to increase the share of forage plants capable of collecting larger amounts of Se from soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Juszczak-Czasnojć
- Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Tomza-Marciniak
- Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
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Hosnedlova B, Kepinska M, Skalickova S, Fernandez C, Ruttkay-Nedecky B, Malevu TD, Sochor J, Baron M, Melcova M, Zidkova J, Kizek R. A Summary of New Findings on the Biological Effects of Selenium in Selected Animal Species-A Critical Review. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2209. [PMID: 29065468 PMCID: PMC5666889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element important for many physiological processes, especially for the functions of immune and reproductive systems, metabolism of thyroid hormones, as well as antioxidant defense. Selenium deficiency is usually manifested by an increased incidence of retention of placenta, metritis, mastitis, aborts, lowering fertility and increased susceptibility to infections. In calves, lambs and kids, the selenium deficiency demonstrates by WMD (white muscle disease), in foals and donkey foals, it is associated with incidence of WMD and yellow fat disease, and in pigs it causes VESD (vitamin E/selenium deficiency) syndrome. The prevention of these health disorders can be achieved by an adequate selenium supplementation to the diet. The review summarizes the survey of knowledge on selenium, its biological significance in the organism, the impact of its deficiency in mammalian livestock (comparison of ruminants vs. non-ruminants, herbivore vs. omnivore) and possibilities of its peroral administration. The databases employed were as follows: Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE and Google Scholar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozena Hosnedlova
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Valtická 337, CZ-691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic.
| | - Marta Kepinska
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Sylvie Skalickova
- Central Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Carlos Fernandez
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB107GJ, UK.
| | - Branislav Ruttkay-Nedecky
- Central Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Jiri Sochor
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Valtická 337, CZ-691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic.
| | - Mojmir Baron
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Valtická 337, CZ-691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic.
| | - Magdalena Melcova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jarmila Zidkova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
- Central Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Kim HJ, Lim HS, Lee KR, Choi MH, Kang NM, Lee CH, Oh EJ, Park HK. Determination of Trace Metal Levels in the General Population of Korea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14070702. [PMID: 28661432 PMCID: PMC5551140 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14070702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of trace metals in the blood of the general Korean population. A total of 258 healthy individuals, according to their regular medical check-ups, (119 males and 139 females, age ranging from 12 to 78 years old) were enrolled from December 2014 to December 2016. Levels of 10 trace elements were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The geometric mean (GM) levels for lead, arsenic, cesium, mercury, aluminum, cadmium, copper, manganese, selenium, and zinc were 15.97 μg/L, 7.19 μg/L, 2.39 μg/L, 3.41 μg/L, 10.57 μg/L, 0.78 μg/L, 979.8 μg/L, 11.06 μg/L, 111.37 μg/L, and 872.7 μg/L, respectively. There were significant gender-related differences in the levels of several metals; male individuals had higher Pb, As, Cs, Hg, and Se than females, while females had higher Cd, Cu, and Mn than males. We noticed remarkably high blood levels of Hg, As and Al in the Korean population. The element concentrations reported represent a new contribution to the knowledge of the blood chemistry for the Korea population. The data can be used to assess the clinical health of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jun Kim
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju 27376, Korea.
| | - Hwan-Sub Lim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Clinical Laboratories, Yongin 16954, Korea.
| | - Kyoung-Ryul Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Clinical Laboratories, Yongin 16954, Korea.
| | - Mi-Hyun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Science & Technology, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
| | | | - Chang Hoon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju 27376, Korea.
| | - Eun-Jung Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju 27376, Korea.
| | - Hyun-Kyung Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Clinical Laboratories, Yongin 16954, Korea.
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