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Trifoliate left atrioventricular valve with and without intact septal structures in four dogs: echocardiographic findings and surgical repair. J Vet Cardiol 2022; 41:70-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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2
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Diagnosis of Isolated Cleft of the Anterior Mitral Leaflet in a Dog: A Case Study Using Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiography. Case Rep Vet Med 2021; 2021:6610526. [PMID: 33575059 PMCID: PMC7857914 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6610526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated cleft of the anterior mitral leaflet (ICAML) in dogs without a septal defect is a rare pathological condition. Until now, only one paper has contributed to the detailed understanding of canine ICAML. Reports have confirmed that 3-dimensional echocardiography (3-DE) is a simple and fast imaging technique that is useful for the diagnosis of ICAML and morphological evaluation of the mitral valve in humans. However, to our knowledge, no studies have provided details about the effectiveness of 3-DE in ICAML diagnosis in dogs. Thus, we aimed to determine the usefulness of a diagnostic technique using 3-DE in a 2-year-old Cavalier King Charles Spaniel with ICAML that exhibited mild mitral valve regurgitation. ICAML was initially assessed by transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography. A diagnosis of congenital mitral regurgitation due to ICAML and understanding of the morphological structure of the valve was established based on the 3-DE findings.
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Mizuno T, Mizuno M, Harada K, Takano H, Shinoda A, Takahashi A, Mamada K, Takamura K, Chen A, Iwanaga K, Ono S, Uechi M. Surgical correction for sinus venosus atrial septal defect with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection in a dog. J Vet Cardiol 2020; 28:23-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Reinero C, Visser LC, Kellihan HB, Masseau I, Rozanski E, Clercx C, Williams K, Abbott J, Borgarelli M, Scansen BA. ACVIM consensus statement guidelines for the diagnosis, classification, treatment, and monitoring of pulmonary hypertension in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2020; 34:549-573. [PMID: 32065428 PMCID: PMC7097566 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH), defined by increased pressure within the pulmonary vasculature, is a hemodynamic and pathophysiologic state present in a wide variety of cardiovascular, respiratory, and systemic diseases. The purpose of this consensus statement is to provide a multidisciplinary approach to guidelines for the diagnosis, classification, treatment, and monitoring of PH in dogs. Comprehensive evaluation including consideration of signalment, clinical signs, echocardiographic parameters, and results of other diagnostic tests supports the diagnosis of PH and allows identification of associated underlying conditions. Dogs with PH can be classified into the following 6 groups: group 1, pulmonary arterial hypertension; group 2, left heart disease; group 3, respiratory disease/hypoxia; group 4, pulmonary emboli/pulmonary thrombi/pulmonary thromboemboli; group 5, parasitic disease (Dirofilaria and Angiostrongylus); and group 6, disorders that are multifactorial or with unclear mechanisms. The approach to treatment of PH focuses on strategies to decrease the risk of progression, complications, or both, recommendations to target underlying diseases or factors contributing to PH, and PH‐specific treatments. Dogs with PH should be monitored for improvement, static condition, or progression, and any identified underlying disorder should be addressed and monitored simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Reinero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Lance C Visser
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Heidi B Kellihan
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Isabelle Masseau
- Department of Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Rozanski
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
| | - Cécile Clercx
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals and Equine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Kurt Williams
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Jonathan Abbott
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Michele Borgarelli
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Brian A Scansen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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Marchesotti F, Rondelli V, Pesaresi M, Nicoli S, Vezzosi T, Auriemma E, Lanzillo G, Cuccio A, Khouri T, Dejong A, Domenech O. Combined interventional procedure and cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in a dog with cor triatriatum dexter, patent foramen ovale, and pulmonary stenosis. J Vet Intern Med 2019; 33:2227-2234. [PMID: 31380593 PMCID: PMC6766562 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A 2‐year‐old American Pit Bull dog was presented for surgical evaluation of imperforate cor triatriatum dexter (CTD) and patent foramen ovale (PFO). Echocardiography identified an imperforate CTD associated with a right‐to‐left shunting PFO and valvular pulmonary stenosis. A 2‐step interventional and surgical approach was used. Initially, a pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty was performed, and subsequently the dog underwent a surgical correction of the atrial anomaly under cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tommaso Vezzosi
- Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Novara, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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