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Dafni H, Greenfeld L, Oren R, Harmelin A. The Likelihood of Misidentifying Rodent Pasteurellaceae by Using Results from a Single PCR Assay. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019; 58:201-207. [PMID: 30651159 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-jaalas-18-000049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The precise identification of rodent Pasteurellaceae is known to be highly challenging. An unknown strain of Pasteurellaceae appeared and rapidly spread throughout our animal facilities. Standard microbiology, combined with biochemical analysis, suggested that the bacteria strain was Rodentibacter pneumotropicus or R. heylii. We submitted samples of the unknown bacteria and known isolates of R. pneumotropicus, R. heylii, and Muribacter muris, to 2 service laboratories that provide animal health monitoring. Results of microbiology tests performed by both laboratories, species-specific PCR analysis performed by one laboratory, and independent 16S rRNA gene sequencing yielded identical identification of the unknown bacteria as Pasteurellaceae (Pasteurella spp.) and not R. pneumotropicus or R. heylii. In contrast, the similarly intended PCR assay performed by the other laboratory identified the bacteria as R. heylii. Careful evaluation of all of the results led us to conclude that the correct identification of the bacteria is Pasteurellaceae. From our experience, we recommend that a combination of several methods should be used to achieve correct identification of rodent Pasteurellaceae. Specifically, we advise that all primer sets used should be disclosed when reporting PCR test results, including in health reports provided by service laboratories and animal vendors. Careful, correct, and informative health monitoring reports are most beneficial to animal researchers and caretakers who might encounter the presence and effects of rodent Pasteurellaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagit Dafni
- Department of Veterinary Resources, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Lea Greenfeld
- Department of Veterinary Resources, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Roni Oren
- Department of Veterinary Resources, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Harmelin
- Department of Veterinary Resources, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Benga L, Sager M, Christensen H. From the [ Pasteurella ] pneumotropica complex to Rodentibacter spp.: an update on [ Pasteurella ] pneumotropica. Vet Microbiol 2018; 217:121-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Sasaki H, Kawamoto E, Kunita S, Yagami KI. Comparison of the in Vitro Susceptibility of Rodent Isolates of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Pasteurella Pneumotropica to Enrofloxacin. J Vet Diagn Invest 2016; 19:557-60. [PMID: 17823403 DOI: 10.1177/104063870701900517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine and compare the in vitro enrofloxacin susceptibility of 94 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates obtained from enrofloxacin-treated and untreated mice and that of 40 Pasteurella pneumotropica strains and also to assess the efficacy and effects of enrofloxacin treatment of laboratory mice. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of enrofloxacin against all the Ps. aeruginosa isolates were in the range of 1 to 4 μg/ml, whereas those against all the P. pneumotropica strains were less than 0.5 μg/ml. The mutation frequency in 54% of the Ps. aeruginosa isolates on treatment with enrofloxacin ranged from 10−6 to 10−8; however, none of the P. pneumotropica strains could grow on medium containing more than 3 μg/ml enrofloxacin. Comparison of in vitro enrofloxacin susceptibilities suggested that enrofloxacin was effective for eliminating P. pneumotropica but not for eliminating Ps. aeruginosa for which the MIC of enrofloxacin was more than 1 μg/ml. These results indicated that the enrofloxacin susceptibility of P. pneumotropica was higher than that of Ps. aeruginosa, and that the enrofloxacin treatment might not affect the susceptibility of Ps. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiraku Sasaki
- Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Yun Y, Srinivas G, Kuenzel S, Linnenbrink M, Alnahas S, Bruce KD, Steinhoff U, Baines JF, Schaible UE. Environmentally determined differences in the murine lung microbiota and their relation to alveolar architecture. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113466. [PMID: 25470730 PMCID: PMC4254600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Commensal bacteria control the micro-ecology of metazoan epithelial surfaces with pivotal effect on tissue homeostasis and host defense. In contrast to the upper respiratory tract, the lower respiratory tract of healthy individuals has largely been considered free of microorganisms. To understand airway micro-ecology we studied microbiota of sterilely excised lungs from mice of different origin including outbred wild mice caught in the natural environment or kept under non-specific-pathogen-free (SPF) conditions as well as inbred mice maintained in non-SPF, SPF or germ-free (GF) facilities. High-throughput pyrosequencing of reverse transcribed 16S rRNA revealed metabolically active murine lung microbiota in all but GF mice. The overall composition across samples was similar at the phylum and family level. However, species richness was significantly different between lung microbiota from SPF and non-SPF mice. Non-cultivatable Betaproteobacteria such as Ralstonia spp. made up the major constituents and were also confirmed by 16S rRNA gene cloning analysis. Additionally, Pasteurellaceae, Enterobacteria and Firmicutes were isolated from lungs of non-SPF mice. Bacterial communities were detectable by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) at alveolar epithelia in the absence of inflammation. Notably, higher bacterial abundance in non-SPF mice correlated with more and smaller size alveolae, which was corroborated by transplanting Lactobacillus spp. lung isolates into GF mice. Our data indicate a common microbial composition of murine lungs, which is diversified through different environmental conditions and affects lung architecture. Identification of the microbiota of murine lungs will pave the path to study their influence on pulmonary immunity to infection and allergens using mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeojun Yun
- Research Center Borstel, Cellular Microbiology Group, Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Borstel, Germany
| | - Girish Srinivas
- MPI for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sven Kuenzel
- MPI for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Evolutionary Genomics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Miriam Linnenbrink
- MPI for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Evolutionary Genomics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Safa Alnahas
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth D. Bruce
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrich Steinhoff
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - John F. Baines
- MPI for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
- Evolutionary Genomics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulrich E. Schaible
- Research Center Borstel, Cellular Microbiology Group, Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Borstel, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Benga L, Benten WPM, Engelhardt E, Bleich A, Gougoula C, Sager M. Development of a multiplex PCR assay based on the 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer for the detection and identification of rodent Pasteurellaceae. J Microbiol Methods 2013; 95:256-61. [PMID: 24055385 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The rodents Pasteurellaceae have to be excluded from the specified pathogen free experimental animal facilities. Despite the biological and economic importance of Pasteurellaceae in relation to experimental animals just a few molecular based methods are available for their detection and identification. The aim of the present investigation was to develop a multiplex PCR assay allowing detection of all rodent Pasteurellaceae and identification of [Pasteurella] pneumotropica biotype Jawetz, [P.] pneumotropica biotype Heyl and [Actinobacillus] muris, as the most prevalent members of the group. For this, a Pasteurellaceae common forward primer located on the 16S rRNA gene was used in conjunction with four different reverse primers specific for [P.] pneumotropica biotype Jawetz, [P.] pneumotropica biotype Heyl, [A.] muris and a common reverse primer for all rodent Pasteurellaceae, all targeting the 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer sequences. The performance characteristics of the assay were tested against 125 Pasteurellaceae isolates belonging to eleven different species and including 34 strains of [P.] pneumotropica biotype Jawetz, 44 strains of [P.] pneumotropica biotype Heyl and 37 strains of [A.] muris. Additionally, eight other mouse associated bacterial species which could pose a diagnostic problem were included. The assay showed 100% sensitivity and specificity. Identification of the clinical isolates was validated by ITS profiling and when necessary by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This multiplex PCR represents the first molecular tool able to detect and differentiate in a single assay among the Pasteurellaceae found in laboratory mouse and may become a reliable alternative to the present diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurentiu Benga
- Animal Research Facility, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Benga L, Benten WPM, Engelhardt E, Gougoula C, Sager M. Specific detection and identification of [Actinobacillus] muris by PCR using primers targeting the 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer regions. J Microbiol Methods 2013; 94:88-93. [PMID: 23665068 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
[Actinobacillus] muris represents along with [Pasteurella] pneumotropica the most prevalent Pasteurellaceae species isolated from the laboratory mouse. Despite the biological and economic importance of Pasteurellaceae in relation to experimental animals, no molecular based methods for the identification of [A.] muris are available. The aim of the present investigation was to develop a PCR method allowing detection and identification of [A.] muris. In this assay, a Pasteurellaceae common forward primer based on a conserved region of the 16S rRNA gene was used in conjunction with two different reverse primers specific for [A.] muris, targeting the 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer sequences. The specificity of the assay was tested against 78 reference and clinical isolates of Pasteurellaceae, including 37 strains of [A.] muris. In addition, eight other mice associated bacterial species which could pose a diagnostic problem were included. The assay showed 100% sensitivity and 97.95% specificity. Identification of the clinical isolates was validated by ITS profiling and when necessary by 16S rRNA sequencing. This multiplex PCR represents the first molecular tool able to detect [A.] muris and may become a reliable alternative to the present diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurentiu Benga
- Animal Research Facility, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - W Peter M Benten
- Animal Research Facility, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Eva Engelhardt
- Animal Research Facility, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Christina Gougoula
- Animal Research Facility, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Sager
- Animal Research Facility, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Analysis of 16S–23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer regions in Pasteurellaceae isolated from laboratory rodents. J Microbiol Methods 2012; 90:342-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2012.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bleich A, Hansen AK. Time to include the gut microbiota in the hygienic standardisation of laboratory rodents. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2012; 35:81-92. [PMID: 22257867 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota (GM) composition and its impact on animal experiments has become currently dramatically relevant in our days: (1) recent progress in metagenomic technologies, (2) the availability of large scale quantitative analyses to characterize even subtle phenotypes, (3) the limited diversity of laboratory rodent GM due to strict barriers at laboratory animal vendors, and (4) the availability of up to 300.000 different transgenic mouse strains from different sources displaying a huge variety in their GM composition. In this review the GM is described as a variable in animal experiments which need to be reduced for scientific as well as ethical reasons, and strategies how to implement this in routine diagnostic procedures are proposed. We conclude that we have both enough information available to state that the GM has an essential impact on animal models, as well as the methods available to start dealing with these impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Bleich
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, Hannover, Germany.
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Król J, Bania J, Florek M, Pliszczak-Król A, Staroniewicz Z. Polymerase chain reaction-based identification of clinically relevant Pasteurellaceae isolated from cats and dogs in Poland. J Vet Diagn Invest 2012; 23:532-7. [PMID: 21908285 DOI: 10.1177/1040638711403434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for identification of the most important Pasteurellaceae species encountered in cats and dogs were developed. Primers for Pasteurella multocida were designed to detect a fragment of the kmt, a gene encoding the outer-membrane protein. Primers specific to Pasteurella canis, Pasteurella dagmatis, and Pasteurella stomatis were based on the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase gene (sodA) and those specific to [Haemophilus] haemoglobinophilus on species-specific sequences of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. All the primers were tested on respective reference and control strains and applied to the identification of 47 canine and feline field isolates of Pasteurellaceae. The PCR assays were shown to be species specific, providing a valuable supplement to phenotypic identification of species within this group of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw Król
- Department of Pathology, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida St. 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Król J, Bania J, Florek M, Podkowik M, Pliszczak-Król A, Staroniewicz Z. Genetic diversity of Pasteurella dagmatis as assessed by analysis of the 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences. Curr Microbiol 2011; 63:87-93. [PMID: 21573831 PMCID: PMC3104006 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-011-9949-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A total of 16 Pasteurella dagmatis strains, including 11 feline and 4 canine isolates as well as one strain isolated from a tiger, were analyzed using partial 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequence comparison. Phylogenetic studies based on both genes revealed that the population of P. dagmatis recovered from cats in Poland differs markedly from canine strains, constituting a well-separated cluster within Pasteurella sensu stricto species group. The isolate from a tiger seems to represent yet another evolutionary lineage within P. dagmatis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Król
- Department of Pathology, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida St. 31, 50-375, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Sellyei B, Wehmann E, Makrai L, Magyar T. Characterisation of Pasteurella dagmatis-like isolates recovered from the feline oral cavity. Vet Microbiol 2010; 145:279-85. [PMID: 20409650 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Revised: 03/16/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Guillard T, Martin M, Duval V, Brasme L, David C, Vernet-Garnier V, Lebargy F, de Champs C. Respiratory tract colonization by Pasteurella pneumotropica in a patient with an alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency unexpectedly well identified by automated system Vitek 2. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2010; 68:190-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 06/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Boot R, Vlemminx MJ, Reubsaet FAG. Comparison of polymerase chain reaction primer sets for amplification of rodent Pasteurellaceae. Lab Anim 2009; 43:371-5. [PMID: 19505934 DOI: 10.1258/la.2009.0070131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring of rodents for Pasteurellaceae infection may be carried out by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We tested which of 17 rodent Pasteurellaceae strains were detected by three PCR primer sets. By phylogenetic analysis, 12 strains were assigned to the Rodent cluster and five strains to other clusters, namely the Somnus cluster, Pasteurella sensu stricto, Actinobacillus sensu stricto, the Mannheimia and Rossii cluster. A primer set developed to detect biotype Heyl [Pasteurella] pneumotropica produced amplicons from three strains and appeared specific for this taxon. A primer set developed to detect biotype Jawetz [P.] pneumotropica produced amplicons from the [P.] pneumotropica type strain and two other strains within the Rodent cluster. A primer set as described by Bootz and his co-workers (Bootz F, Kirschnek S, Nicklas W, Wyss SK, Homberger FR. Detection of Pasteurellaceae in rodents by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Lab Anim Sci 1998;48:542-6) for the detection of all Pasteurellaceae indeed detected all bacterial strains examined. Bootz's primer set should be used to monitor rodents for Pasteurellaceae infection by PCR as FELASA recommends the monitoring of rodents for all Pasteurellaceae taxa. Health monitoring reports should specify the primer set(s) used for PCR testing rodents for Pasteurellaceae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Boot
- Section of Laboratory Animal Microbiology, BA Bilthoven The Netherlands.
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Sasaki H, Kawamoto E, Tanaka Y, Sawada T, Kunita S, Yagami KI. Comparative analysis of Pasteurella pneumotropica isolates from laboratory mice and rats. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2009; 95:311-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-009-9315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2008] [Accepted: 02/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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