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Olimpo M, Ferraris EI, Parisi L, Buracco P, Rizzo SG, Giacobino D, Degiovanni A, Maniscalco L, Morello E. Diagnostic Findings and Surgical Management of Three Dogs Affected by Osseous Metaplasia Secondary to a Salivary Mucocele. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091550. [PMID: 37174587 PMCID: PMC10177029 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Saliva is an irritant of the subcutaneous tissue, thus causing the development of a non-epithelial reactive pseudocapsule. Metaplastic ossification of the pseudocapsule is a condition rarely described in the veterinary literature. The main causes of calcification are trauma, tumours, various chronic inflammatory conditions and fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. The aim of the present case series was to describe three dogs affected by a calcified salivary mucocele. The medical records of dogs affected by a cervical sialocele were retrospectively evaluated, and three cases met the inclusion criteria. All the dogs in this study were referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) of the Department of Veterinary Sciences of the University of Turin (Turin, Italy) for a large solid mass in the intermandibular region. The diagnosis of a mucocele was confirmed clinically by centesis and by radiography or CT. Complete excision of both the pseudocyst and the ipsilateral mandibular/monostomatic sublingual salivary gland was performed in all cases. The histological report showed large areas of bone metaplasia within the pseudocapsule and chronic sialadenitis. Based on this limited case series, complete excision of the pseudocyst and a concurrent sialoadenectomy provided an effective treatment for this rare salivary mucocele disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Olimpo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | | | - Lorenza Parisi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Paolo Buracco
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Sara Gioele Rizzo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Davide Giacobino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Andrea Degiovanni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Lorella Maniscalco
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Emanuela Morello
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
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Davenport A, Thompson J, Cazzini P, Sangster C, Buishand F. An incidental finding of numerous hypocellular nodules within a mandibular–sublingual gland complex sialocoele in a dog. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Davenport
- Hospital for Small Animals The University of Edinburgh Easter Bush Campus Edinburgh UK
| | - Jamie‐Leigh Thompson
- Hospital for Small Animals The University of Edinburgh Easter Bush Campus Edinburgh UK
| | - Paola Cazzini
- Easter Bush Pathology The University of Edinburgh Easter Bush Campus Edinburgh UK
| | - Cheryl Sangster
- Easter Bush Pathology The University of Edinburgh Easter Bush Campus Edinburgh UK
| | - Floryne Buishand
- Hospital for Small Animals The University of Edinburgh Easter Bush Campus Edinburgh UK
- Department of Clinical Science and Services Royal Veterinary College University of London London UK
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Oetelaar GS, Heng HG, Lim CK, Randall E. Computed tomographic appearance of sialoceles in 12 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2021; 63:30-37. [PMID: 34585807 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Published findings on the computed tomographic (CT) appearance of sialoceles are limited to brief descriptions from reported cases in eight dogs and one cat. The authors have seen sialoceles with CT characteristics that are not consistent with these previous reports. The purpose of this multicenter, retrospective, descriptive, case series study was to provide more detailed descriptions of the CT appearance of confirmed sialoceles in dogs. Dogs over a 10-year period with cytologically or histologically confirmed sialoceles and pre- and postcontrast CT studies of the head were included. Multiple qualitative and quantitative features were described for each sialocele with histological correlation. Twelve dogs with a total of 13 sialoceles were identified, including: seven cervical sialoceles, three complex (combined cervical and sublingual) sialoceles, two sublingual sialoceles, and one zygomatic sialocele. All sialoceles were characterized by fluid attenuating, non-contrast enhancing contents (median 18.5 HU) and soft tissue attenuating, contrast-enhancing walls. The external margins of all sialocele walls were smooth; however, the internal margins in six sialoceles were irregular with poorly defined nodular to frond-like protrusions. Mineralized foci of variable size (range < 1 mm to 4.8 mm) and attenuation (range 119 to 1253 HU) were present in seven sialoceles and histologically identified as sialoliths (three sialoceles) and osseous metaplasia (two sialoceles). A unique finding in the sialoceles in this study was the presence of intraluminal nodular to frond-like protrusions arising from the wall. This study also reports the CT appearance of cervical and complex sialoceles and sialocele mineralizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett Swann Oetelaar
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Hock Gan Heng
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Chee Kin Lim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Elissa Randall
- Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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O'Connell K, Leach J, Berman K, Knottenbelt C, Cazzini P. What is your diagnosis? Salivary gland mass in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol 2016; 45:389-90. [PMID: 27152746 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly O'Connell
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Josh Leach
- Veterinary Diagnostic Service, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Katherine Berman
- Veterinary Diagnostic Service, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Clare Knottenbelt
- Small Animal Teaching Hospital, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Paola Cazzini
- Veterinary Diagnostic Service, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Torad FA, Hassan EA. Clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics of salivary mucoceles in 13 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2013; 54:293-8. [PMID: 23442204 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary mucocele is one of the causes of submandibular swelling in dogs and is due to a collection of mucoid saliva that has leaked from a damaged salivary gland. The purpose of this case series report was to describe the clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics of confirmed salivary mucoceles in 13 dogs admitted to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at Cairo University. The final diagnosis of salivary mucocele was based on aspirate cytology for all dogs and additional surgical excision for seven dogs. For dogs admitted from 2 weeks to 1 month from the onset of clinical signs, the cervical mucocele appeared as a round echogenic structure with a large volume of central anechoic content. The wall was a clearly identified hyperechoic structure surrounding the gland. For dogs admitted between 1 to 2 months from the onset of clinical signs, the volume of anechoic material appeared less than that seen in the acute cases. The overall appearance of the salivary mucocele was heterogenous. For dogs admitted after 2 months from the onset of clinical signs, the salivary mucocele appeared grainy or mottled, with a heterogenous appearance and a further decrease in anechoic content. For one dog that presented after 3 months from the onset of clinical signs, the salivary mucocele was hard on palpation and appeared hyperechoic with distal acoustic shadowing. Findings from this study indicated that ultrasonographic characteristics of salivary mucoceles in dogs vary depending on the chronological stage of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal A Torad
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza Square P.O. 12211, Cairo, Egypt
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Fernandes TR, Grandi F, Monteiro LN, Salgado BS, Rocha RM, Rocha NS. Ectopic ossification presenting as osteoid metaplasia in a salivary mucocele in a Shih Tzu dog. BMC Vet Res 2012; 8:13. [PMID: 22296807 PMCID: PMC3285089 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-8-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Salivary mucocele is an accumulation of saliva in a single or multiloculated cavity lined by connective tissue that is contiguous to a salivary gland-duct complex and is the most common condition affecting the salivary glands in dogs. Occasionally, different types of metaplastic lesions, such as squamous and osseous metaplasia - which are rare lesions in animals - can be observed in association with salivary mucocele. Case presentation A right facial enlargement was suddenly observed in a 4-year-old non-spayed female Shih-Tzu dog. The lesion presented itself as a soft and fluctuant mass located in the right side of the face near to the neck. Histologically, the mass consisted of a cavitary formation without an epithelial lining. Additionally, microscopic examination revealed the presence of osteoid-producing cells which gave rise to areas of bone formation, probably induced by irritation due to the presence sialoliths. Such cells and bone formations were also present in the cavity wall, consequently leading us to classify the condition as a salivary mucocele with osseous metaplasia. Conclusions In the present case, the pathogenesis was probably associated with the presence of sialoliths, which can behave as etiological agents for the metaplastic lesion. The occurrence of osteoid metaplasia is a rare peculiar condition in the canine salivar y gland, and due to the rarity and lack of information about this specific disease, no clinical data can yet be associated with the development of salivary mucocele with osseous metaplasia in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís R Fernandes
- Serviço de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
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Rahman MM, Kawaguchi H, Miyoshi N, Yabuki A, Nakamoto Y, Ozawa T, Yamato O. Pathological features of salivary gland cysts in a Shiba dog with GM1 gangliosidosis: a possible misdiagnosis as malignancy. J Vet Med Sci 2011; 74:485-9. [PMID: 22083095 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.11-0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland cysts are often concurrent with GM1 gangliosidosis in Shiba dogs. Although the etiology is unknown, these cysts may be misdiagnosed as malignant due to the accumulation of foamy cells. The present study investigated the cytological, histopathological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic characteristics of salivary gland cysts in a Shiba dog affected with GM1 gangliosidosis. The salivary gland masses were surgically enucleated and examined clinicopathologically and pathologically in a 7-month-old Shiba dog with GM1 gangliosidosis. Many large cells with rich cytoplasm including vacuoles of various sizes, i.e., foamy cells, were observed in stamp smears from the cut-surface of the masses and histopathologically in major parts of the cyst wall. Some of these foamy cells presented features similar to a spider-web appearance. The foamy cells were confirmed to have originated from macrophages based on marked immunohistochemical expression of vimentin, HLA-DR, lysozyme and Iba1. An ultrastructural study demonstrated electron-dense vesicular structures in the vacuolated cells. Therefore, the masses were diagnosed pathologically as benign salivary gland cysts with accumulation of foamy cells. In conclusion, the histopathological features of the salivary gland cysts in this Shiba dog were similar to those of lipoma and/or liposarcoma. In such cases, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examinations were useful in the differential diagnosis. Practitioners, clinical pathologists and pathologists should take GM1 gangliosidosis into consideration when they encounter salivary gland cysts in Shiba dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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