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Abdul-Hamid M, Ahmed RR, Moustafa N, Nady R. The antifibrogenic effect of etanercept on development of liver cirrhosis induced by thioacetamide in rats. Ultrastruct Pathol 2016; 41:23-35. [PMID: 27982723 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2016.1256361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis is an elevating cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. TNF-α/TNF-R1 signal is implicated in progression of many liver diseases. This study provides histological and ultrastructural view that clarifies the effect of etanercept, a TNF-α inhibitor, on development of thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver cirrhosis and the accompanied hemosiderosis in rats, highlighting the implication and distribution pattern of hepatic TNF-R1. Sixty male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) were equally randomized into three groups. Group I served as the control. Liver cirrhosis was triggered in the other two groups by intraperitoneal injection of TAA twice a week for five months. Group II received TAA only, while group III subcutaneously injected with etanercept one hour before TAA, along five months. At the end of the experiment, blood was collected for biochemical analysis and livers were excised for histological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopical preparations. Rats treated with TAA only developed hepatic cirrhosis accompanied by massive deposition of hemosiderin; strong and widespread expression of hepatic TNF-R1 in sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs), Kupffer cells (KCs), and many hepatocytes; and frequent appearance of fibrogenic, plasma, and mast cells, at the ultrastructural level. By contrast, administration of etanercept diminished the expression of TNF-R1, attenuated the accumulation of collagen and hemosiderin, and preserved the hepatic histoarchitecture. In conclusion, TNF-α signal via TNF-R1 may be implicated in the mechanism of fibrogenesis and the associated hemosiderosis. Etanercept may provide a promising therapeutic approach not only for attenuating the progression of fibrogenesis, but also for hepatic iron overload-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Abdul-Hamid
- a Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science , Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef , Egypt
| | - Rasha R Ahmed
- a Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science , Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef , Egypt
| | - Nadia Moustafa
- a Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science , Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef , Egypt
| | - Rehab Nady
- a Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science , Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef , Egypt
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Izawa T, Horiuchi T, Atarashi M, Kuwamura M, Yamate J. Anti-fibrotic Role of miR-214 in Thioacetamide-induced Liver Cirrhosis in Rats. Toxicol Pathol 2015; 43:844-51. [PMID: 25755099 DOI: 10.1177/0192623315573587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have focused on the role of microRNAs in liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. miR-214 has recently attracted more attention as a fibrosis-related factor; however, the molecular mechanisms in hepatic fibrogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we investigate the pathological role of miR-214 during progression of liver cirrhosis in rats. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with thioacetamide at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, twice a week. The liver was collected at post first injection weeks 5, 10, 15, and 20. Hepatic expression of miR-214 was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, and laser microdissection. The effects of miR-214 overexpression were investigated by in vitro transfection using fibroblastic MT-9 cells. miR-214 was highly upregulated in the fibrotic area in parallel with the cirrhosis progression. miR-214 overexpression in MT-9 cells under transforming growth factor-β1 stimulation resulted in decreased cell number and increased expression of cleaved caspase 3 and decreased expression of α-smooth muscle actin, suggesting that miR-214 induces apoptosis and inhibits myofibroblast differentiation in fibroblastic cells under stimulation of fibrogenic factors. These data indicate an anti-fibrotic role of miR-214 in chemically induced liver fibrosis/cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Izawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan Both Takeshi Izawa and Takashi Horiuchi contributed equally to the article.
| | - Takashi Horiuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan Both Takeshi Izawa and Takashi Horiuchi contributed equally to the article
| | - Machi Atarashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jyoji Yamate
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
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Wijesundera KK, Izawa T, Tennakoon AH, Murakami H, Golbar HM, Katou-Ichikawa C, Tanaka M, Kuwamura M, Yamate J. M1- and M2-macrophage polarization in rat liver cirrhosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA), focusing on Iba1 and galectin-3. Exp Mol Pathol 2014; 96:382-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tennakoon AH, Izawa T, Wijesundera KK, Golbar HM, Tanaka M, Ichikawa C, Kuwamura M, Yamate J. Characterization of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-expressing hepatic stellate cells and myofibroblasts in thioacetamide (TAA)-induced rat liver injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:1159-71. [PMID: 23806769 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2013.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which can express glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in normal rat livers, play important roles in hepatic fibrogenesis through the conversion into myofibroblasts (MFs). Cellular properties and possible derivation of GFAP-expressing MFs were investigated in thioacetamide (TAA)-induced rat liver injury and subsequent fibrosis. Seven-week-old male F344 rats were injected with TAA (300mg/kg BW, once, intraperitoneally), and were examined on post single injection (PSI) days 1-10 by the single and double immunolabeling with MF and stem cell marker antibodies. After hepatocyte injury in the perivenular areas on PSI days 1 and 2, the fibrotic lesion consisting of MF developed at a peak on PSI day 3, and then recovered gradually by PSI day 10. MFs expressed GFAP, and also showed co-expressions such cytoskeletons (MF markers) as vimentin, desmin and α-SMA in varying degrees. Besides MFs co-expressing vimentin/desmin, desmin/α-SMA or α-SMA/vimentin, some GFAP positive MFs co-expressed with nestin or A3 (both, stem cell markers), and there were also MFs co-expressing nestin/A3. However, there were no GFAP positive MFs co-expressing RECA-1 (endothelial marker) or Thy-1 (immature mesenchymal cell marker). GFAP positive MFs showed the proliferating activity, but they did not undergo apoptosis. However, α-SMA positive MFs underwent apoptosis. These findings indicate that HSCs can proliferate and then convert into MFs with co-expressing various cytoskeletons for MF markers, and that the converted MFs may be derived partly from the stem cell lineage. Additionally, well-differentiated MFs expressing α-SMA may disappear by apoptosis for healing. These findings shed some light on the pathogenesis of chemically induced hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Hemamali Tennakoon
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58, Rinku-ourai-kita, Izumisano City, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
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GOLBAR HM, IZAWA T, JUNIANTITO V, ICHIKAWA C, TANAKA M, KUWAMURA M, YAMATE J. Immunohistochemical Characterization of Macrophages and Myofibroblasts in Fibrotic Liver Lesions Due to Fasciola Infection in Cattle. J Vet Med Sci 2013; 75:857-65. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.12-0536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hossain M. GOLBAR
- Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-ourai-kita, Izumisano City, Osaka 598–8531, Japan
| | - Takeshi IZAWA
- Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-ourai-kita, Izumisano City, Osaka 598–8531, Japan
| | - Vetnizah JUNIANTITO
- Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-ourai-kita, Izumisano City, Osaka 598–8531, Japan
| | - Chisa ICHIKAWA
- Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-ourai-kita, Izumisano City, Osaka 598–8531, Japan
| | - Miyuu TANAKA
- Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-ourai-kita, Izumisano City, Osaka 598–8531, Japan
| | - Mitsuru KUWAMURA
- Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-ourai-kita, Izumisano City, Osaka 598–8531, Japan
| | - Jyoji YAMATE
- Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-ourai-kita, Izumisano City, Osaka 598–8531, Japan
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Santos M, Marcos R, Santos N, Malhão F, Monteiro RAF, Rocha E. An unbiased stereological study on subpopulations of rat liver macrophages and on their numerical relation with the hepatocytes and stellate cells. J Anat 2010; 214:744-51. [PMID: 19438768 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2009.01055.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on liver macrophages have elucidated their key roles in immunological, fibrotic and regenerative responses, and shown that macrophages are not a homogeneous population. In the rat, two sets of liver macrophages coexist, identified by ED1 and ED2 antibodies. Those sets have different quantitative responses in liver injuries and may have different tasks throughout the injury and recovery phases. Nevertheless, the total number (N), number per gram (N g(-1)) and proportion of those macrophages in relation to other liver cells has never been quantified using design-based stereology. Thus, we combined immunocytochemistry with those tools to produce an unbiased estimate of the N of ED1(+) and of ED2(+) cells. A smooth fractionator sampling scheme was applied to the liver of five male Wistar rats (3 months old), to obtain systematic uniform random sections (30 microm thick); these were immunostained with the monoclonal antibodies: ED1, a pan-macrophagic marker; and ED2, which identifies the completely differentiated macrophages, i.e. Kupffer cells. The N of ED1(+) cells was 340 x 10(6), estimated with a coefficient of error (CE) of 0.04, and that of ED2(+) cells was 283 x 10(6), with a CE of 0.05. These figures correspond to 10.7% and 8.9%, respectively, of the total liver cells. The new data constitute reference values for correlative inferences. Also, the methodological strategy, by its accuracy and precision, is valuable for future investigations on the liver cell composition in various models of disease, and especially for studying the more subtle variations that occur during the injury and recovery phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Santos
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar - ICBAS, University of Porto - UPorto, Porto, Portugal
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Nagata T, Kudo H, Nishino T, Doi Y, Itoh H, Fujimoto S. Increased immunoreactivities against endothelin-converting enzyme-1 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in hepatic stellate cells of rat fibrous liver induced by thioacetamide. Med Mol Morphol 2005; 38:161-72. [PMID: 16170464 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-005-0292-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2005] [Accepted: 03/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The progression of rat liver fibrosis induced by intraperitoneal administration of thioacetamide (TAA) was evaluated by immunocytochemistry using anti-alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), antiendothelin-converting enzyme (ECE)-1, and anti-monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 antibodies. The fibrous septal spaces gradually increased after administration of TAA, and pseudolobules were established in the 7-week TAA-treated groups. Immunoreactivities against alpha-SMA were not detected in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) of the control group without TAA treatment, although they were observed in the HSCs around the fibrous septal spaces in all TAA-treated groups, indicating that activation of HSCs occurs during the establishment of pseudolobules. Immunoreactivities against ECE-1 and MCP-1 were seen in such HSCs of the TAA-treated groups, but few or no immunoreactivities were detected in the HSCs of the control group. The most significant increase in the ECE-1 immunoreactivities was detected in the 1-week TAA-treated group, whereas that in MCP-1 was observed in the 7-week TAA-treated group. The present immunocytochemistry indicated a difference in the accelerated expression period between immunoreactivities against ECE-1 and MCP-1 in the HSCs during the progression of TAA-induced liver fibrosis, suggesting that ECE-1 is involved in the early phase of liver fibrosis and that MCP-1 plays a role during the later phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Nagata
- Department of Surgery, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
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Ide M, Kuwamura M, Kotani T, Yamate J. Immunophenotypical Changes of Myofibroblasts Appearing in Thioacetamide-Induced Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats. J Toxicol Pathol 2004. [DOI: 10.1293/tox.17.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mika Ide
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University
- Exploratory Toxicology & DMPK Research Laboratories
| | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Takao Kotani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Jyoji Yamate
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University
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