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Pan X, Kong R, Liu Q, Jia Z, Bai B, Chen H, Zhi W, Wang B, Ma C, Ma D. Probiotic Enterococcus faecalis surface-delivering key domain of EtMIC3 proteins: immunoprotective efficacies against Eimeria tenella infection in chickens. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0245523. [PMID: 37855592 PMCID: PMC10715111 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02455-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Avian coccidiosis caused by Eimeria brings huge economic losses to the poultry industry. Although live vaccines and anti-coccidial drugs were used for a long time, Eimeria infection in chicken farms all over the world commonly occurred. The exploration of novel, effective vaccines has become a research hotspot. Eimeria parasites have complex life cycles, and effective antigens are particularly critical to developing anti-coccidial vaccines. Microneme proteins (MICs), secreted from microneme organelles located at the parasite apex, are considered immunodominant antigens. Eimeria tenella microneme 3 (EtMIC3) contains four conserved repeats (MARc1, MARc2, MARc3, and MARc4) and three divergent repeats (MARa, MARb, and MARd), which play a vital role during the Eimeria invasion. Enterococcus faecalis is a native probiotic in animal intestines and can regulate intestinal flora. In this study, BC1 and C4D domains of EtMIC3, BC1 or C4D fusing to dendritic cells targeting peptides, were surface-displyed by E. faecalis, respectively. Oral immunizations were performed to investigate immune protective effects against Eimeria infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Kong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiuju Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhipeng Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Bingrong Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjing Zhi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Biao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunli Ma
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Dexing Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Fidan A, Ugras S. First isolation of a probiotic candidate Enterococcus mundtii from Herniaria glabra L. and evaluation of its wound healing activity. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 370:fnad083. [PMID: 37591672 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnad083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study focused on probiotic properties of bacterium isolated from Herniaria glabra L. is a medicinal plant. The bacterium was isolated from H. glabra, and it was identified using the molecular method as Enterococcus mundtii AF-1 strain. Antibiotic sensitivity tests showed that AF-1 strain was sensitive to streptomycin, tobramycin, gentamicin, imipenem, erythromycin, and ciprofloxacin. The strain exhibited γ-haemolytic activity. These results show that the strain can be considered safe. The AF-1 strain showed inhibitory activity against some pathogens, including Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Additionally, AF-1 strain exhibited high tolerance to low pH, pepsin, pancreatin, and bile salts. These properties showed that the strain may survival under the gastrointestinal conditions. The strain showed 40% DPPH free radical scavenging activity. The autoaggregation rate of the strain was 72.46% and the strain exhibited the high coaggregation rate (70.77% with Escherichia coli, and 63.78% with Listeria monocytogenesis). AF-1 strain showed 38.10% adhesion towards n-hexane, and 47.62% adhesion toward chloroform. It has been found to have moderate hydrophobicity. These results demonstrated the beneficial colonization ability of the strain in the gut. Furthermore, it was observed that living cells of AF-1 strain showed healing activity in the artificial wound area. Result of studies, it is seen that AF-1 strain might be excellent a probiotic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysenur Fidan
- Department of Biology, Graduate School, Duzce University, Konuralp Campus, Duzce 81620, Turkey
| | - Serpil Ugras
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Science, Duzce University, Konuralp Campus, Duzce 81620, Turkey
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Tsukahara T, Makioka-Itaya Y, Takimoto H, Ijichi T. Oral supplementation of a cell preparation of Enterococcus faecalis strain EC-12 stimulates superoxide dismutase production in the livers of healthy and arthritis-induced mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 72:39-45. [PMID: 36777079 PMCID: PMC9899913 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.22-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis, a major human chronic inflammation disease, has been linked to oxidative stress, which can be initiated by radicals produced during the oxidative metabolism. Oxidative damage has been also observed in arthritis-induced mice. Here we evaluated whether supplementation of a cell preparation of Enterococcus faecalis EC-12 could induce superoxide dismutase activity and/or damage in the livers of healthy mice or mice with arthritis. In Experiment 1, both healthy and arthritis-induced mice were orally given a saline solution, or a solution with a low (0.2 mg/mouse/day) or a high (2.0 mg/mouse/day) concentration of E. faecalis EC-12 for 49 consecutive days. Manganese superoxide dismutase activity increased in E. faecalis EC-12-supplemented mice but with no arthritis. In Experiment 2, mice received orally either a saline or an E. faecalis EC-12 suspension (10 mg/kg of body weight/day) for 28 consecutive days. No changes in tissues and levels of function markers and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine were observed in mouse livers, inferring that E. faecalis EC-12 supplementation caused no damage. While mRNA expression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase remained unaltered, that of manganese superoxide dismutase increased in E. faecalis EC-12 administration mice. In conclusion, at least in healthy mice, E. faecalis EC-12 supplementation stimulated manganese superoxide dismutase activity in liver tissues with no side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamitsu Tsukahara
- Kyoto Institute of Nutrition & Pathology, 7-2 Furuikedani Tachikawa, Ujitawara, Kyoto 610-0231, Japan,To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Yuko Makioka-Itaya
- Life Science Division, Combi Corporation, Nishibori, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-0832, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takimoto
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ijichi
- Life Science Division, Combi Corporation, Nishibori, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-0832, Japan
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Tanno H, Kanno E, Kurosaka S, Oikawa Y, Watanabe T, Sato K, Kasamatsu J, Miyasaka T, Ishi S, Shoji M, Takagi N, Imai Y, Ishii K, Tachi M, Kawakami K. Topical Administration of Heat-Killed Enterococcus faecalis Strain KH2 Promotes Re-Epithelialization and Granulation Tissue Formation during Skin Wound-Healing. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1520. [PMID: 34829749 PMCID: PMC8614852 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are known to have beneficial effects on immune responses when they are orally administered as bacterial products. Although the beneficial effects of LAB have been reported for the genera Lactobacillus and Lactococcus, little has been uncovered on the effects of the genus Enterococcus on skin wound-healing. In this study, we aimed to clarify the effect of heat-killed Enterococcus faecalis KH2 (heat-killed KH2) strain on the wound-healing process and to evaluate the therapeutic potential in chronic skin wounds. We analyzed percent wound closure, re-epithelialization, and granulation area, and cytokine and growth factor production. We found that heat-killed KH2 contributed to the acceleration of re-epithelialization and the formation of granulation tissue by inducing tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, basic fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and vascular endothelial growth factor production. In addition, heat-killed KH2 also improved wound closure, which was accompanied by the increased production of TGF-β1 in diabetic mice. Topical administration of heat-killed KH2 might have therapeutic potential for the treatment of chronic skin wounds in diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we concluded that heat-killed KH2 promoted skin wound-healing through the formation of granulation tissues and the production of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromasa Tanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
| | - Emi Kanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
| | - Shiho Kurosaka
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (S.K.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (N.T.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Yukari Oikawa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.O.); (K.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.)
| | - Takumi Watanabe
- Bio-Lab Co., Ltd., 2-1-3 Komagawa, Hidaka-shi 350-1249, Japan;
| | - Ko Sato
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.O.); (K.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.)
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
| | - Jun Kasamatsu
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan;
| | - Shinyo Ishi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (S.K.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (N.T.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Miki Shoji
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (S.K.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (N.T.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Naoyuki Takagi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (S.K.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (N.T.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Yoshimichi Imai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (S.K.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (N.T.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.O.); (K.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.)
| | - Masahiro Tachi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (S.K.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (N.T.); (Y.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (Y.O.); (K.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.)
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
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Physical properties of lactic acid bacteria influence the level of protection against influenza infection in mice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251784. [PMID: 34003877 PMCID: PMC8130949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated whether the water dispersibility of lactic acid bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis KH2) affects their efficacy. When cultured lactic acid bacteria are washed, heat-killed, and powdered, adhesion occurs between results in aggregation (non-treated lactic acid bacteria, n-LAB). However, dispersed lactic acid bacteria (d-LAB) with a lower number of aggregates can be prepared by treating them with a high-pressure homogenizer and adding an excipient during powdering. Mice were administered n-LAB or d-LAB Peyer’s patches in the small intestine were observed. Following n-LAB administration, a high amount of aggregated bacteria drifting in the intestinal mucosa was observed; meanwhile, d-LAB reached the Peyer’s patches and was absorbed into them. Evaluation in a mouse influenza virus infection model showed that d-LAB was more effective than n-LAB in the influenza yield of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids on day 3 post-infection and neutralizing antibody titers of sera and influenza virus-specific immunoglobulin A in the feces on day 14 post-infection. Therefore, the physical properties of lactic acid bacteria affect their efficacy; controlling their water dispersibility can improve their effectiveness.
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Watanabe T, Hayashi K, Kan T, Ohwaki M, Kawahara T. Anti-Influenza virus effects of Enterococcus faecalis KH2 and Lactobacillus plantarum SNK12 RNA. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH 2021; 40:43-49. [PMID: 33520568 PMCID: PMC7817512 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2020-019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial RNA has recently emerged as an immune-stimulating factor during viral
infection. The immune response in an organism is directly related to the progression of
virus infections. Lactic acid bacteria in particular have anticancer, bioprotective, and
antiallergic effects by modulating immunity. Here, we aimed to demonstrate the effect of
bacterial RNA on in vitro production of IL-12, a proinflammatory
cytokine, and on in vivo activity against influenza A virus (IFV)
infection. Oral administration of heat-killed Enterococcus faecalis KH2
(KH2) or Lactobacillus plantarum SNK12 (SNK) in IFV-infected mice
suppressed viral replication and stimulated production of virus-specific antibodies.
However, ribonuclease-treated KH2 or SNK abrogated the effect, reducing IL-12 production
in vitro and anti-IFV effects in vivo. Taken together,
KH2 or SNK showed antiviral effects in vivo when administered orally, and
the RNAs of KH2 and SNK play a part in these effects, despite the phylogenetic differences
between the bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Watanabe
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.,Bio-Lab Co., Ltd., 2-1-3 Komagawa, Hidaka, Saitama 350-1249, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hayashi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kan
- Bio-Lab Co., Ltd., 2-1-3 Komagawa, Hidaka, Saitama 350-1249, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohwaki
- Non-Profit Organisation, The Japanese Association of Clinical Research on Supplements, 1-9-24 Shihogi, Hidaka, Saitama 350-1248, Japan
| | - Toshio Kawahara
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
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Cheung MK, Yue GGL, Chiu PWY, Lau CBS. A Review of the Effects of Natural Compounds, Medicinal Plants, and Mushrooms on the Gut Microbiota in Colitis and Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:744. [PMID: 32499711 PMCID: PMC7243258 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract harbors a diverse array of microorganisms that play fundamental roles in health and disease. Imbalance in the gut microbiota, namely dysbiosis, can lead to various diseases, including cancer and gastrointestinal tract disorders. Approaches to improve gut dysbiosis, such as dietary intervention, intake of probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation are emerging strategies to treat these diseases. Various medicinal botanicals have reported anti-cancer and/or anti-inflammatory properties. Preclinical studies have illustrated that some of these natural products are also capable to modulate the gut microbiota, suggesting their use as possible alternative approach to improve gut dysbiosis and thereby assist diseases treatment. In this review article, we have summarized the current knowledge on the effects of natural compounds, medicinal plants, and mushrooms on the gut microbiota in various cancers and colitis in preclinical animal models. Challenges towards the clinical use of these medicinal botanicals as modulators of the gut microbiota in cancer and colitis treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Kit Cheung
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Grace Gar Lee Yue
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Philip Wai Yan Chiu
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Clara Bik San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Tsukahara T, Kawase T, Yoshida H, Bukawa W, Kan T, Toyoda A. Preliminary investigation of the effect of oral supplementation of Lactobacillus plantarum strain SNK12 on mRNA levels of neurotrophic factors and GABA receptors in the hippocampus of mice under stress-free and sub-chronic mild social defeat-stressing conditions. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:2345-2354. [PMID: 31524073 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1659717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of Lactobacillus plantarum SNK12 (CPLP) supplementation on mRNA levels of hippocampal neurotrophic factors and gamma aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAR) was tested. In Experiment 1, stress-free, unsupplemented and CPLP (4 × 108 cells/head)-supplemented male C57BL/6J (B6) mice were the experimental animals. In Experiment 2, intruder (male, B6) mice [negative control; unsupplemented, sub-chronic mild social defeat stress (sCSDS)-induced; and CPLP-supplemented, sCSDS-induced] were exposed to aggressor mice (adult male Slc:ICR). mRNA levels of neurotrophic factors and GABAR in hippocampal samples of these mice were analyzed. In CPLP-supplemented mice of both experiments, mRNA levels of bdnf, nt-3, and GABAR were upregulated. Moreover, a tendency toward the improvement of habituation ability (Experiment 1) and behavior (Experiment 2) was observed in mice, which may be associated with upregulated neurotrophic factors and GABAR. We demonstrated that oral supplementation of CPLP to stress-free and stress-induced mice upregulated mRNA levels of hippocampal neurotrophic factors and GABAR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wakoto Bukawa
- Non-Profit Organization, The Japanese Association of Clinical Research on Supplements, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Toyoda
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan.,United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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