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Acute Effects of Low- and High-Speed Resistance Exercise on Cognitive Function in Frail Older Nursing-Home Residents: A Randomized Crossover Study. J Aging Res 2021; 2021:9912339. [PMID: 34394991 PMCID: PMC8356002 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9912339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The present study investigated the acute effects of low- and high-speed resistance exercise on the cognitive function of frail older women living in nursing home. Materials and Methods Ten institutionalized frail older women were recruited. Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and Stroop test were performed before, immediately after, 1 h after, and 24 h after the end of the experimental session. Participants randomly performed low- and high-speed resistance exercise and a control session. Exercise sessions were composed of 4 resistance exercises with 4–8 sets of 4–10 repetitions at moderate intensity. Results Results indicated that the performance of Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test was similarly increased immediately after both low- and high-speed resistance exercises. However, only improvements elicited by low-speed resistance exercise remained significant 1 h after the end of the exercise session. No acute effects of resistance exercise were observed on Stroop performance. Conclusion Our findings indicated that both low- and high-speed resistance exercises acutely increased episodic memory in frail older women, whereas no changes on Stroop were observed.
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Combined Aerobic and Resistance Exercises Evokes Longer Reductions on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Resistant Hypertension: A Randomized Crossover Trial. Cardiovasc Ther 2020; 2020:8157858. [PMID: 32821284 PMCID: PMC7416229 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8157858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The present study compared the acute effects of aerobic (AER), resistance (RES), and combined (COM) exercises on blood pressure (BP) levels in people with resistant hypertension (RH) and nonresistant hypertension (NON-RH). Methods Twenty patients (10 RH and 10 NON-RH) were recruited and randomly performed three exercise sessions and a control session. Ambulatory BP was monitored over 24 hours after each experimental session. Results Significant reductions on ambulatory BP were found in people with RH after AER, RES, and COM sessions. Notably, ambulatory BP was reduced during awake-time and night-time periods after COM. On the other hand, the effects of AER were more prominent during awake periods, while RES caused greater reductions during the night-time period. In NON-RH, only RES acutely reduced systolic BP, while diastolic BP was reduced after all exercise sessions. However, the longest postexercise ambulatory hypotension was observed after AER (~11 h) in comparison to RES (~8 h) and COM (~4 h) exercises. Conclusion Findings of the present study indicate that AER, RES, and COM exercises elicit systolic and diastolic postexercise ambulatory hypotension in RH patients. Notably, longer hypotension periods were observed after COM exercise. In addition, NON-RH and RH people showed different changes on BP after exercise sessions, suggesting that postexercise hypotension is influenced by the pathophysiological bases of hypertension.
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Coelho-Júnior HJ, de Oliveira Gonçalves I, Sampaio RAC, Sampaio PYS, Lusa Cadore E, Calvani R, Picca A, Izquierdo M, Marzetti E, Uchida MC. Effects of Combined Resistance and Power Training on Cognitive Function in Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3435. [PMID: 32423126 PMCID: PMC7277751 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study compared the effects of traditional resistance training (TRT) and combined power training (PT) and TRT (PTRT) on cognitive parameters and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in non-demented, well-functioning, community-dwelling older women. Forty-five older women were randomized into one of three experimental groups: TRT, PTRT, and control group (CG). Cognitive tests explored global cognitive function, short-term memory, and dual-task performance. Serum BDNF levels were assessed at baseline and after the intervention. Exercise sessions were performed twice a week over 22 weeks. In TRT, exercise sessions were based on three sets of 8-10 repetitions at "difficult" intensity. In PTRT, the first session was based on PT (three sets of 8-10 repetitions at "moderate" intensity), while the second session was similar to the TRT. Our analyses indicated that overall cognitive function, short-term memory, and dual-task performance were similarly improved after TRT and PTRT. Serum BDNF concentrations were not altered by any training protocol. In conclusion, the two RT programs tested in the present trial improved global cognitive function, short-term memory and dual task performance in non-demented, well-functioning, community-dwelling older women. In addition, our findings suggest that mechanisms other than BDNF may be associated with such improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory–AKL, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-851, SP, Brazil; (R.A.C.S.); (P.Y.S.S.); (M.C.U.)
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (A.P.)
- Rehabilitation unit, Mãe Mariana unit, Poá 08562-460, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Aurélio Carvalho Sampaio
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory–AKL, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-851, SP, Brazil; (R.A.C.S.); (P.Y.S.S.); (M.C.U.)
| | - Priscila Yukari Sewo Sampaio
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory–AKL, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-851, SP, Brazil; (R.A.C.S.); (P.Y.S.S.); (M.C.U.)
| | - Eduardo Lusa Cadore
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, RS, Brazil;
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (A.P.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (A.P.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- GICAEDS Group, Faculty of Physical Culture, Sport and Recreation, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bogotá 7290, Colombia
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Carlos Uchida
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory–AKL, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-851, SP, Brazil; (R.A.C.S.); (P.Y.S.S.); (M.C.U.)
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Coelho-Júnior HJ, Gonçalves IDO, Câmara NOS, Cenedeze MA, Bacurau RF, Asano RY, Santana J, Caperuto E, Uchida MC, Rodrigues B. Non-periodized and Daily Undulating Periodized Resistance Training on Blood Pressure of Older Women. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1525. [PMID: 30542289 PMCID: PMC6277793 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed at investigating the effects of a daily undulating periodization (DUP) and non-periodized (NP) resistance training programs on hemodynamic parameters of older women. Forty-two older women were randomized into one of the three experimental groups: NP, DUP, and control group (CG). Evaluations of the hemodynamic parameters occurred before, during and after the intervention. The exercise programs were performed twice a week over 22 weeks. NP and DUP groups were based on 3 sets of 8-10 repetitions in 9 exercises. In NP, the two exercise sessions were based on traditional strength training, which was performed at a Difficult intensity according to the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) method. In DUP, the first session was based on power resistance exercise, in which the concentric muscle contraction was performed as fast as possible at a moderate intensity based on RPE, while the second session was the same that was performed by NP. The findings demonstrated that diastolic blood pressure (90.4 vs. 76.2 mmHg) and mean arterial pressure (108.6 vs. 92.7 mmHg) were significantly reduced after NP, while no significant alterations were observed in DUP. Nevertheless, both training groups seem to have a cardio protective effect, since both training modes prevented the increase in HR reported in the experimental period in CG. In conclusion, our findings indicate that a 22-week NP resistance training program causes beneficial effects on hemodynamic parameters of older women. Trial Registration: NCT03443375.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio J. Coelho-Júnior
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory, Department of Adapted Physical Activity, Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
- Exercise Physiology Applied to Disease Research Group, Department of Adapted Physical Activity, Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Niels O. S. Câmara
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco A. Cenedeze
- Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Reury F. Bacurau
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Yukio Asano
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Santana
- Human Movement Laboratory, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erico Caperuto
- Human Movement Laboratory, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco C. Uchida
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory, Department of Adapted Physical Activity, Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory, Department of Adapted Physical Activity, Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
- Exercise Physiology Applied to Disease Research Group, Department of Adapted Physical Activity, Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
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