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Lee KT, Chen YC, Yang YC, Wang WL. On practicing magicine, from wonder to care: A systematic review of studies that apply magic in healthcare. Soc Sci Med 2024; 341:116541. [PMID: 38176244 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Magic, traditionally perceived as entertainment, has been increasingly employed in healthcare to enhance health and well-being. Despite its potential benefits across various dimensions of health, including biological, psychological, and social, a comprehensive review highlighting its broad applications in healthcare remains unexplored. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the diverse uses of magic within healthcare, progressing from entertainment to integral medical care, termed "magicine." METHODS This systematic review adopted a narrative synthesis approach, and an extensive database search was conducted including Embase Classic & Embase, MEDLINE (Ovid), Scopus, the Cochrane Collaboration Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, Cochrane Systematic Reviews, and CINAHL (EBSCOhost), from the earliest records to 22 June 2023. Potential applications of magic in healthcare were explored with an unrestricted search strategy. A quality assessment was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. (Registration: PROSPERO number CRD42023417122.) RESULTS: This review identified 82 journal articles, including 11 randomized controlled trials, four quasi-experimental designs, 10 pre-experimental designs, five qualitative studies, three mixed methods studies, two observational studies, five review articles, and 42 commentaries. The review resulted in the conception of "magicine ennead" - nine diverse areas where magic can be applied in healthcare including physical rehabilitation, cognitive training, psychotherapy, humor therapy, distraction therapy, social skills, health education, doctor-patient relationships, and surgical techniques. These applications demonstrate the potential of magic to enhance health outcomes for the general population and improve the clinical practice of healthcare professionals. CONCLUSIONS Magic in healthcare shows potential for varied applications, and a deeper understanding of these applications could lead to optimized and cost-efficient intervention programs. Given the heterogeneity and varied methodological quality of the current research, future studies necessitate the adoption of rigorous designs with active controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ting Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan City, 70403, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chin Chen
- Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan City, 70403, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City, 701401, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 70, Lian-Hai Road, Kaohsiung City, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan City, 70403, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City, 701401, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Li Wang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan City, 70403, Taiwan.
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Wang WL, Lee KT, Lin WC, Yang YC, Tsai CL. The effects of a magic-based intervention on self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and quality of life among community-dwelling older adults: a randomised controlled trial. Psychogeriatrics 2023. [PMID: 37248166 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magic-based programs have been utilised to enhance well-being across various health aspects. However, there is a lack of studies on whether performing magic tricks can provide mental health benefits for older adults living in the community. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of a magic-based intervention program on self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and quality of life (QOL), and to examine the relationship between these factors in older adults. METHODS Thirty-eight participants, aged 60-90 years, were randomly assigned to either a magic intervention group or a control group. The magic intervention program, tailored for older adults, was conducted for 90 min, twice weekly, over 6 weeks. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF scores were measured and analyzed in both groups before and after the intervention. RESULTS The magic-based intervention significantly increased self-esteem and reduced depressive symptoms in older adults, with large effect sizes. However, no significant impact on QOL was observed. Additionally, no significant correlation was found between the improvement in self-esteem and the reduction in depressive levels. Despite this, a moderate but significant negative correlation was detected between the post-intervention scores of RSE and GDS-15 in the magic intervention group. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that the magic intervention program was beneficial in promoting mental health in community-dwelling older adults. Implementing magic programs in communities appears to be an effective approach to enhance self-esteem and alleviate depressive symptoms in the older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Li Wang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Physical Education, Health & Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ting Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Physical Education, Health & Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chin Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Tsai
- Institute of Physical Education, Health & Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Srinivasan S, Amonkar N, Kumavor P, Morgan K, Bubela D. Outcomes Associated with a Single Joystick-Operated Ride-on-Toy Navigation Training Incorporated into a Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy Program: A Pilot Feasibility Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13050413. [PMID: 37232651 DOI: 10.3390/bs13050413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Our research aims to evaluate the utility of joystick-operated ride-on-toys (ROTs) as therapeutic adjuncts to improve upper extremity (UE) function in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP). This study assessed changes in affected UE use and function following a three-week ROT navigation training incorporated into an existing constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) camp in 11 children (3-14 years old) with HCP. We report changes in scores on the standardized Shriners Hospital Upper Extremity Evaluation (SHUEE) from pretest-to-posttest and changes from early-to-late sessions in percent time spent by the affected arm in: (a) "moderate-to-vigorous activity", "light activity" and "no activity" bouts based on accelerometer data and (b) "independent", "assisted", and "no activity" bouts based on video data. We also explored relationships between standardized measures and training-specific measures of affected UE activity. We found small-to-medium improvements in the SHUEE scores. Between 90 and 100% of children also showed medium-to-large improvements in affected UE activity from early-to-late sessions using accelerometers and small improvements via video-based assessments. Exploratory analyses suggested trends for relationships between pretest-posttest and training-specific objective and subjective measures of arm use and function. Our pilot data suggest that single joystick-operated ROTs may serve as motivating, child-friendly tools that can augment conventional therapies such as CIMT to boost treatment dosing, promote affected UE movement practice during real-world navigation tasks, and ultimately improve functional outcomes in children with HCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Srinivasan
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy (InCHIP), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
- The Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences (IBACS), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
| | - Nidhi Amonkar
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy (InCHIP), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
- The Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences (IBACS), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
| | - Patrick Kumavor
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
| | - Kristin Morgan
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
| | - Deborah Bubela
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy (InCHIP), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
- The Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences (IBACS), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
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