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Delafontaine AC, Anders R, Mathieu B, Salathé CR, Putois B. Impact of confrontation to patient suffering and death on wellbeing and burnout in professionals: a cross-sectional study. BMC Palliat Care 2024; 23:74. [PMID: 38486209 PMCID: PMC10941396 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-024-01393-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palliative care and oncology generate a risk of burnout and psychological distress in professionals. The purpose of this study is to identify both psychopathological and positive factors related to mental health at work. It aims (i) to explore the extent to which these professionals are confronted with suffering, illness, and death; and to explore the prevalence of psychological distress and/or burnout, (ii) to identify potential determinants of burnout and psychological wellbeing at work, (iii) to develop an integrative model of mental health; and to identify frequency and impact of confrontations with death, and (iv) to identify profiles of professionals are at risk of developing a mental health disorder or, conversely, characterized by wellbeing. METHODS A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted in palliative care and oncology evaluating confrontations with death, coping, burnout, psychological distress, personality, self-esteem, well-being and meaning at work. Regressions, clustering, and structural equation modeling analyses were performed. RESULTS 109 professionals participated (58% from oncology and 42% from palliative care), of which 79% were female, and 65% were between 30 and 49 years old. Aim i: 30% witnessed an intolerable suffering at least 9 times a month, 45% reported moderate to high levels of burnout, 39% suffered from anxiety and 11% from depression. Aim ii: the determinants of burnout were the personality traits conscientiousness and neuroticism, low meaning of work, and low wellbeing (R2 = 0.44). The determinants of wellbeing were work meaning, depersonalization, self-esteem, fulfillment and low emotional exhaustion (R2 = 0.71). Aim iii: the integrative model included both well-being (self-esteem, conscientiousness) and psychopathology (neuroticism, anxiety) parameters, and strongly satisfied the standard SEM goodness of fit indices (e.g., CFI, IFI, and TLI ≥ 0.95). Aim iv: three profiles were identified: (a) a "distressed profile" with a majority of professionals at the patient's bedside, (b) a "disengaged profile" with professionals working as second-line consultants, (c) a "wellbeing profile" contains profiles of caregivers insensitive to psychological distress and with a high level of positive Impact of confrontation on different areas of their lives. CONCLUSIONS An integrative approach is essential to understand the full range of mental health issues for professionals. Meaning of work is a key factor in professional interventions that should primarily affect front-line professionals with limited experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Catherine Delafontaine
- Faculty of Psychology, Swiss Distance Learning University, Technopôle 5, Sierre, 3960, Switzerland.
- Chair of palliative psychology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Hôpital Nestlé, Av. Pierre-Decker 5, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Royce Anders
- Department of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Epsylon Laboratory UR4556, University Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, 34000, France
| | - Bernard Mathieu
- Chair of palliative psychology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Hôpital Nestlé, Av. Pierre-Decker 5, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Rolli Salathé
- Faculty of Psychology, Swiss Distance Learning University, Technopôle 5, Sierre, 3960, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Putois
- Faculty of Psychology, Swiss Distance Learning University, Technopôle 5, Sierre, 3960, Switzerland
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Centre, CNRS UMR 5292 - INSERM U1028, Lyon, France
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Tian X, He Q, Liu X, Gan X, Jiménez Herrera MF. Moral resilience in registered nurses: Cultural adaption and validation study. Nurs Ethics 2024; 31:355-370. [PMID: 37726157 DOI: 10.1177/09697330231196229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare professionals, especially professional nurses, experience various types of moral suffering due to inevitable ethical conflicts. Moral resilience is recently proposed as a resource to address moral suffering. However, there is no tool to measure moral resilience in Chinese professional nurses. AIM This study aimed to translate the Rushton Moral Resilience Scale (RMRS) into Chinese and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of RMRS (Chi-RMRS). RESEARCH DESIGN A methodological and descriptive research design. PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT A convenience sample of 411 Chinese professional nurses was recruited through an online survey platform between February and March 2023. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committees of the University and hospitals involved. RESULTS The RMRS was translated and culturally adapted into a Chinese version. Neither floor nor ceiling effects were observed. The scale-level content validity index (CVI) was 0.922 with the item-level CVIs ranging from 0.833 to 1.000. The explanatory factor analysis (EFA) generated a three-factor structure for the Chi-RMRS, and the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) demonstrated the three-factor structure with factor loadings for each item ranging from 0.42 to 0.80. The scale-level Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.811 with each dimension ranging from 0.717 to 0.821, and composite reliability (CR) coefficient for the overall scale was 0.920, with each dimension varying from 0.739 to 0.824. The standard error of measurement (SEM) and smallest detectable change (SDC) were 3.522 and 9.763, respectively. DISCUSSION The Chi-RMRS is able to measure moral resilience of Chinese professional nurses, and has good validity and reliability. It can be used in research and practice to determine the level of moral resilience, thus helping nursing managers to monitor the status of Chinese professional nurses, then develop interventions to maintain the well-being of professional nurses and to ensure quality of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Tian
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili; Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital
| | | | | | - Xiuni Gan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
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Karlsson M, Pennbrant S, Kasén A. Understanding nursing personnel's health while working in end-of-life care-A hermeneutical study. Scand J Caring Sci 2024; 38:73-81. [PMID: 37424232 DOI: 10.1111/scs.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to explore nursing personnel's health while working in end-of-life care. INTRODUCTION End-of-life care is challenging both for nursing personnel and for the healthcare organisation, as retaining nursing staff is difficult. Although end-of-life care involves the risk of burnout, it also encompasses protective factors that can lead to personal and professional development and satisfaction, and that can enable personnel to encounter their own inner selves. In order to focus on the health of nursing personnel we chose the theory of caritative caring as our theoretical perspective. METHOD A qualitative inductive research design with a hermeneutical approach was chosen to explore nursing personnel's health while working in end-of-life care. Two assistant nurses and six registered nurses with experience in end-of-life care at a palliative care unit participated. The study was approved by a Regional Ethical Review Board. RESULTS The results are presented on three levels: rational, structural and existential. In the rational level, fellowship and togetherness with colleagues, as well as being able to distinguish between private life and work were important for nursing personnel's strategies for maintaining their health. At the structural level, social togetherness, sharing emotions and being involved in each other's emotions were important for nursing personnel's health. The existential level showed that the nursing personnel's own existential situation was affected when their inner self was emotionally affected by the patients' suffering. The awareness of suffering, life and death made the nursing personnel feel inner security, both as nursing professionals and as human beings. CONCLUSION A common perspective based on a theory of caritative care may be helpful for retaining nursing personnel. While the study highlights nursing personnel's health while working in an end-of-life care context, the results may also be applicable to nursing professionals' health in other contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Pennbrant
- Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - Anne Kasén
- Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, NordUniversity, Bodø, Norway
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Bedendo A, Papworth A, Taylor J, Beresford B, Mukherjee S, Fraser L, Ziegler L. Staff well-being in UK children's hospices: a national survey. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2024; 13:e1363-e1372. [PMID: 37643839 DOI: 10.1136/spcare-2022-004056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Poor psychological well-being among healthcare workers can have numerous negative impacts, but evidence about levels of burnout in children's hospice care staff is limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of burnout and to explore the association between staff characteristics and support mechanisms with burnout among children's hospice care staff in the UK. METHODS Two national online surveys collecting data on hospice care staff psychological well-being and hospice organisational characteristics. All children's hospices in the UK were invited.Thirty-one hospices (out of 52) responded to the hospice survey and 583 staff responded to the staff survey. Data collection took place between May and December 2020 and measures included the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, Work Engagement and the Health and Safety Executive Management Standards Indicator Tool. RESULTS Burnout prevalence was 11% and mean burnout score was 32.5 (SD: 13.1). Burnout levels were independent of working arrangements (eg, working from home or at the hospice) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hospices performed well in most management standards, but poorly on the 'Control' domain. The average Work Engagement score for staff was 7.5 (SD: 1.5). CONCLUSIONS Burnout levels for staff in children's hospices in the UK were lower than in other healthcare settings, with this comparing to 17.3% among palliative care staff generally. Overall, hospices performed well in management standards and there was no indication of urgent action needed. Work Engagement in our sample was higher compared with other National Health Service workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Bedendo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Johanna Taylor
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | | | - Lorna Fraser
- Cicely Saunders Institute and Dept of Women's and Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lucy Ziegler
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Adia R. Compassion fatigue in the community nursing workforce: a scoping review. Br J Community Nurs 2023; 28:456-462. [PMID: 37638754 DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2023.28.9.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND compassion fatigue is a phenomenon in areas of nursing practice such as oncology, ICU, palliative care, hospice, and dementia care, but less so among community nurses (Joinson, 1992). A gap in enquiry exists around CN and compassion fatigue around end-of-life patient care. METHODS a scoping review with narrative analysis of selected literature on compassion fatigue in nursing using CINHAL, ProQuest, Science Direct, and the Cochrane Library. FINDINGS whilst no specific studies were located on compassion fatigue and UK community nurses. Australian, Spanish, and Taiwanese studies report of environment, care relationship duration, resources and poor organisational support being linked to a likelihood of developing compassion fatigue. CONCLUSION compassion fatigue is under-researched in community nursing and merits further enquiry to understand the challenges posed by providing end-of-life care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwana Adia
- Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, University of Bolton; Queen's Nurse
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Yazdan R, Corey K, Messer SJ, Kim EH, Roberts KE, Selwyn PA, Weinberger AH. Hospital-Based Interventions to Address Provider Grief: A Narrative Review. J Pain Symptom Manage 2023; 66:e85-e107. [PMID: 36898638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Provider grief, i.e., grief related to the death of patients, often forms an ongoing and profound stressor impacting healthcare providers' ability to maintain their sense of well-being, avoid feeling overwhelmed, and sustain quality and compassionate patient care over time. OBJECTIVES This narrative review presents findings on the types of interventions hospitals have offered to physicians and nurses to address provider grief. METHODS Searches of PubMed and PsycINFO were conducted for articles (e.g., research studies, program descriptions and evaluations) focused on hospital-based interventions to help physicians and nurses cope with their own grief. RESULTS Twenty-nine articles met inclusion criteria. The most common adult clinical areas were oncology (n = 6), intensive care (n = 6), and internal medicine (n = 3), while eight articles focused on pediatric settings. Nine articles featured education interventions, including instructional education programs and critical incident debriefing sessions. Twenty articles discussed psychosocial support interventions, including emotional processing debriefing sessions, creative arts interventions, support groups, and retreats. A majority of participants reported that interventions were helpful in facilitating reflection, grieving, closure, stress relief, team cohesion, and improved end-of-life care, yet mixed results were found related to interventions' effects on reducing provider grief to a statistically significant degree. CONCLUSION Providers largely reported benefits from grief-focused interventions, yet research was sparse and evaluation methodologies were heterogenous, making it difficult to generalize findings. Given the known impact provider grief can have on the individual and organizational levels, it is important to expand providers' access to grief-focused services and to increase evidence-based research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Yazdan
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University (R.Y., S.J.M., E.H.K., K.E.R., A.H.W.), Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Family & Social Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine (R.Y., K.C., P.A.S), Bronx, New York, USA.
| | - Kristen Corey
- Department of Family & Social Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine (R.Y., K.C., P.A.S), Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Sylvie J Messer
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University (R.Y., S.J.M., E.H.K., K.E.R., A.H.W.), Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Emily H Kim
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University (R.Y., S.J.M., E.H.K., K.E.R., A.H.W.), Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Kailey E Roberts
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University (R.Y., S.J.M., E.H.K., K.E.R., A.H.W.), Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Peter A Selwyn
- Department of Family & Social Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine (R.Y., K.C., P.A.S), Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University (R.Y., S.J.M., E.H.K., K.E.R., A.H.W.), Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (A.H.W.), Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (A.H.W.), Bronx, New York, USA
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Hoffstädt HE, Boogaard JA, Tam MC, van Bodegom-Vos L, Stoppelenburg A, Hartog ID, van der Linden YM, van der Steen JT. Practice of Supporting Family Caregivers of Patients with Life-Threatening Diseases: A Two-phase Study Among Healthcare Professionals. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2023; 40:633-643. [PMID: 36436831 PMCID: PMC10240656 DOI: 10.1177/10499091221123006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although support for family caregivers is an essential component of palliative care, routine provision of such support is often lacking. To improve support for family caregivers, we assessed current practice and influencing factors as perceived by healthcare professionals. Methods: A two-phase study was conducted including a survey exploring healthcare professionals' practice of supporting family caregivers in Western urbanized Netherlands in 2017, and focus groups exploring facilitators and barriers to supporting family caregivers in 2018. Focus group data were thematically analyzed with deductive coding based on the COM-B system. Results: Of the 379 survey respondents (response 11%), 374 were eligible (physicians, 28%; nurses, 64%; nurse assistants, 9%). The respondents practiced in academic hospitals (52%), general hospitals (31%), nursing homes (11%) and hospices (5%). They reported to always (38%), most of the time (37%), sometimes (21%) or never (5%) provide support to family caregivers during the illness trajectory. Respondents reported to always (28%), sometimes (39%), or never (33%) provide support after death. Four focus group discussions with 22 healthcare professionals elicited motivational facilitators and barriers to supporting family caregivers (e.g., relationship with family caregivers, deriving satisfaction from supporting them), and factors related to capability (e.g., (lacking) conversational skills, knowledge) and opportunity (e.g., (un)availability of protocols and time). Conclusions: Support for family caregivers, especially after the patient's death, is not systematically integrated in working procedures of healthcare professionals. The barriers and facilitators identified in this study can inform the development of an intervention aiming to enhance support for family caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hinke E. Hoffstädt
- Center of Expertise of Palliative Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jannie A. Boogaard
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marcella C. Tam
- Center of Expertise of Palliative Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Leti van Bodegom-Vos
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Medical Decision Making, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arianne Stoppelenburg
- Center of Expertise of Palliative Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Iris D. Hartog
- Center of Expertise of Palliative Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette M. van der Linden
- Center of Expertise of Palliative Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny T. van der Steen
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Primary and Community Care, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Alimoradi Z, Jafari E, Lin CY, Rajabi R, Marznaki ZH, Soodmand M, Potenza MN, Pakpour AH. Estimation of moral distress among nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nurs Ethics 2023; 30:334-357. [PMID: 36704986 PMCID: PMC9902807 DOI: 10.1177/09697330221135212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moral distress is a common challenge among professional nurses when caring for their patients, especially when they need to make rapid decisions. Therefore, leaving moral distress unconsidered may jeopardize patient quality of care, safety, and satisfaction. AIM To estimate moral distress among nurses. METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis conducted systematic search in Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, ISI Web of Knowledge, and PsycInfo up to end of February 2022. Methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa checklist. Data from included studies were pooled by meta-analysis with random effect model in STATA software version 14. The selected key measure was mean score of moral distress total score with its' 95% Confidence Interval was reported. Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were conducted to identify possible sources of heterogeneity and potentially influencing variables on moral distress. Funnel plots and Begg's Tests were used to assess publication bias. The Jackknife method was used for sensitivity analysis. ETHICAL CONSIDERATION The protocol of this project was registered in the PROSPERO database under decree code of CRD42021267773. RESULTS Eighty-six manuscripts with 19,537 participants from 21 countries were included. The pooled estimated mean score of moral distress was 2.55 on a 0-10 scale [95% Confidence Interval: 2.27-2.84, I2: 98.4%, Tau2:0.94]. Publication bias and small study effect was ruled out. Moral distress significantly decreased in the COVID-19 pandemic versus before. Nurses working in developing countries experienced higher level of moral distress compared to their counterparts in developed countries. Nurses' workplace (e.g., hospital ward) was not linked to severity of moral disturbance. CONCLUSION The results of the study showed a low level of pooled estimated score for moral distress. Although the score of moral distress was not high, nurses working in developing countries reported higher levels of moral distress than those working in developed countries. Therefore, it is necessary that future studies focus on creating a supportive environment in hospitals and medical centers for nurses to reduce moral distress and improve healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elahe Jafari
- 113106Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan; Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Marc N Potenza
- Yale University, USA; Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, USA; Connecticut Mental Health Center, USA; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, USA
| | - Amir H Pakpour
- Jönköping University, Sweden; Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Zhang Y, Guan C, Jiang J, Zhu C, Hu X. Mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between perceived social support and burnout among Chinese palliative nurses. J Clin Nurs 2022. [PMID: 36101490 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To detect the mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between perceived social support and burnout in Chinese palliative nurses. BACKGROUND Palliative nurses are a group that is vulnerable to burnout. Perceived social support may contribute to decreasing palliative nurses' burnout and facilitating their personal resilience, and resilience may be associated with lower levels of burnout. However, these relationships were unclear in the Chinese context. DESIGN A cross-sectional design. METHODS The STROBE guideline was performed to report this study. A mixed sampling method including convenience sampling and stratified sampling was used to recruit participants, and a total of 319 palliative nurses completed the Nursing Burnout Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale from May 2021 to September 2021. Influencing factors were primarily identified using independent-sample t tests and one-way ANOVA. Bootstrap method was used to detect the mediating effect of resilience. RESULTS The level of burnout in palliative nurses (23.4 ± 7.68) was higher than that of general nurses in China. Education level, health condition and monthly income were influencing factors of burnout. Resilience was detected as a mediator in the relationships between perceived social support and dimensions of burnout. CONCLUSIONS Chinese palliative nurses experience a relatively high level of burnout, which may be influenced by several sociodemographic variables. Resilience could mediate the effect of perceived social support on the dimensions of burnout. Problem-oriented and palliative-tailored strategies should be developed to further address burnout in Chinese palliative nurses. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Nurse managers and policy makers should support nurse ongoing education, adopt health-promoting interventions and optimise salary systems. In addition, perceived social support resources and resilience training programmes are also warranted. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION All participants were invited to complete the informed consent form and paper questionnaires. Human resource managers helped us collect some subjective data through the personnel management system. Nurse managers of palliative units conducted regular staff meetings to promote the data collection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Zhang
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chang Guan
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianjun Jiang
- Department of Palliative Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuanmei Zhu
- Department of Outpatient, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolin Hu
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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