An unusual case of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease presenting as haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

DNA origami: Interrogating the nano-landscape of immune receptor activation

The immune response is orchestrated by elaborate protein interaction networks that interweave ligand-mediated receptor reorganization with signaling cascades. While the biochemical processes have been extensively investigated, delineating the biophysical principles governing immune receptor activation has remained challenging due to design limitations of traditional ligand display platforms. These constraints have been overcome by advances in DNA origami nanotechnology, enabling unprecedented control over ligand geometry on configurable scaffolds. It is now possible to systematically dissect the independent roles of ligand stoichiometry, spatial distribution, and rigidity in immune receptor activation, signaling, and cooperativity. In this review, we highlight pioneering efforts in manipulating the ligand presentation landscape to understand immune receptor triggering and to engineer functional immune responses.

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults: A single-center analysis of 5 cases

BACKGROUND

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL) is a self-limited inflammatory disease of unknown pathogenesis. A very small fraction of patients with HNL could develop hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a hyperinflammatory disorder. These patients are diagnosed as HNL with HLH (HNL-HLH). HNL-HLH in the pediatric population has been systemically studied, however, the clinical, laboratory, and radiological features and outcomes of adult patients with HNL-HLH remain to be explored. We aimed to explore the clinical, laboratory, and radiological features and outcomes of adult patients with HNL-HLH.

METHODS

We collected the clinical data of patients with HNL-HLH admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from October 2010 to June 2015. All the patients underwent lymph node biopsy and have a pathological diagnosis of HNL. The age, gender, clinical presentation, lymph node signs, laboratory findings and imaging data, and pathological findings of the patients were collected.

RESULTS

In this study, we reported five adult patients with HNL-HLH. All five patients showed enlarged lymph nodes and prolonged fever. Laboratory findings were consistent with the diagnosis of HLH. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) showed enlarged lymph nodes with increased FDG uptake and splenic hypermetabolism could be present. All the patients responded well to corticosteroids and had a good prognosis. Two of the five patients were diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus during the follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study demonstrated that adult patients with HNL-HLH showed distinct clinical, laboratory, and radiological features. And the prognosis is good and patients could be managed with steroids and supportive care.