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Bate GL, Kirk C, Rehman RZU, Guan Y, Yarnall AJ, Del Din S, Lawson RA. The Role of Wearable Sensors to Monitor Physical Activity and Sleep Patterns in Older Adult Inpatients: A Structured Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:4881. [PMID: 37430796 PMCID: PMC10222486 DOI: 10.3390/s23104881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Low levels of physical activity (PA) and sleep disruption are commonly seen in older adult inpatients and are associated with poor health outcomes. Wearable sensors allow for objective continuous monitoring; however, there is no consensus as to how wearable sensors should be implemented. This review aimed to provide an overview of the use of wearable sensors in older adult inpatient populations, including models used, body placement and outcome measures. Five databases were searched; 89 articles met inclusion criteria. We found that studies used heterogenous methods, including a variety of sensor models, placement and outcome measures. Most studies reported the use of only one sensor, with either the wrist or thigh being the preferred location in PA studies and the wrist for sleep outcomes. The reported PA measures can be mostly characterised as the frequency and duration of PA (Volume) with fewer measures relating to intensity (rate of magnitude) and pattern of activity (distribution per day/week). Sleep and circadian rhythm measures were reported less frequently with a limited number of studies providing both physical activity and sleep/circadian rhythm outcomes concurrently. This review provides recommendations for future research in older adult inpatient populations. With protocols of best practice, wearable sensors could facilitate the monitoring of inpatient recovery and provide measures to inform participant stratification and establish common objective endpoints across clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma L. Bate
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; (G.L.B.); (C.K.); (R.Z.U.R.); (A.J.Y.); (S.D.D.)
| | - Cameron Kirk
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; (G.L.B.); (C.K.); (R.Z.U.R.); (A.J.Y.); (S.D.D.)
| | - Rana Z. U. Rehman
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; (G.L.B.); (C.K.); (R.Z.U.R.); (A.J.Y.); (S.D.D.)
| | - Yu Guan
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7EZ, UK;
| | - Alison J. Yarnall
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; (G.L.B.); (C.K.); (R.Z.U.R.); (A.J.Y.); (S.D.D.)
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Silvia Del Din
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; (G.L.B.); (C.K.); (R.Z.U.R.); (A.J.Y.); (S.D.D.)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Rachael A. Lawson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; (G.L.B.); (C.K.); (R.Z.U.R.); (A.J.Y.); (S.D.D.)
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Stubbs B. Falls in older adult psychiatric patients: equipping nurses with knowledge to make a difference. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2011; 18:457-62. [PMID: 21539692 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2010.01686.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Falls are the most common cause of accidental death among older adults and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. A particularly serious sequela of falls is osteoporotic fractures. Older adults with mental illness are at increased risk of both falls and subsequent fractures, because of a range of complex risk factors. Many falls are preventable and an awareness of the risk factors for falls among nurses will empower them to promptly refer a patient at risk to the multidisciplinary team. A multidisciplinary approach is required to be successful in any efforts to reduce an individual's risk of falls and nurses have a central role in achieving this. This article reviews the relevant literature on the causes and consequences of falls in older adults with mental illness in order to enable nurses to reduce falls and subsequent fractures.
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