1
|
Tricou LP, Al-Hawat ML, Cherifi K, Manrique G, Freedman BR, Matoori S. Wound pH-Modulating Strategies for Diabetic Wound Healing. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2024; 13:446-462. [PMID: 38149883 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2023.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: Chronic diabetic wounds on the lower extremities (diabetic foot ulcers, DFU) are one of the most prevalent and life-threatening complications of diabetes, responsible for significant loss of quality of life and cost to the health care system. Available pharmacologic treatments fail to achieve complete healing in many patients. Recent studies and investigational treatments have highlighted the potential of modulating wound pH in DFU. Recent Advances: Data from in vitro, preclinical, and clinical studies highlight the role of pH in the pathophysiology of DFU, and topical administration of pH-lowering agents have shown promise as a therapeutic strategy for diabetic wounds. In this critical review, we describe the role of pH in DFU pathophysiology and present selected low-molecular-weight and hydrogel-based pH-modulating systems for wound healing and infection control in diabetic wounds. Critical Issues: The molecular mechanisms leading to pH alterations in diabetic wounds are complex and may differ between in vitro models, animal models of diabetes, and the human pathophysiology. Wound pH-lowering bandages for DFU therapy must be tested in established animal models of diabetic wound healing and patients with diabetes to establish a comprehensive benefit-risk profile. Future Directions: As our understanding of the role of pH in the pathophysiology of diabetic wounds is deepening, new treatments for this therapeutic target are being developed and will be tested in preclinical and clinical studies. These therapeutic systems will establish a target product profile for pH-lowering treatments such as an optimal pH profile for each wound healing stage. Thus, controlling wound bed pH could become a powerful tool to accelerate chronic diabetic wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Léo-Paul Tricou
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- ISPB Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Chemical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montreal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Katia Cherifi
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Benjamin R Freedman
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Simon Matoori
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun Y, Chen LG, Fan XM, Pang JL. Ultrasound Responsive Smart Implantable Hydrogels for Targeted Delivery of Drugs: Reviewing Current Practices. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:5001-5026. [PMID: 36275483 PMCID: PMC9586127 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s374247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades, the process of delivering therapeutic drugs to a patient with a controlled release profile has been a significant focus of drug delivery research. Scientists have given tremendous attention to ultrasound-responsive hydrogels for several decades. These smart nanosystems are more applicable than other stimuli-responsive drug delivery vehicles (ie UV-, pH- and thermal-, responsive materials) because they enable more efficient targeted treatment via relatively non-invasive means. Ultrasound (US) is capable of safely transporting energy through opaque and complex media with minimal loss of energy. It is capable of being localized to smaller regions and coupled to systems operating at various time scales. However, the properties enabling the US to propagate effectively in materials also make it very difficult to transform acoustic energy into other forms that may be used. Recent research from a variety of domains has attempted to deal with this issue, proving that ultrasonic effects can be used to control chemical and physical systems with remarkable specificity. By obviating the need for multiple intravenous injections, implantable US responsive hydrogel systems can enhance the quality of life for patients who undergo treatment with a varied dosage regimen. Ideally, the ease of self-dosing in these systems would lead to increased patient compliance with a particular therapy as well. However, excessive literature has been reported based on implanted US responsive hydrogel in various fields, but there is no comprehensive review article showing the strategies to control drug delivery profile. So, this review was aimed at discussing the current strategies for controlling and targeting drug delivery profiles using implantable hydrogel systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Le-Gao Chen
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ming Fan
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Xiao-Ming Fan, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), No. 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-571-85893290, Email
| | - Jian-Liang Pang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tiantai People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang People’s Hospital), Taizhou, 317200, People’s Republic of China,Jian-Liang Pang, Department of Vascular Surgery, Tiantai People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang People’s Hospital), Kangning Middle Road, Shifeng Street, Tiantai County, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 317200, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-576- 81302085, Email
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wolcott RD, Cook RG, Johnson E, Jones CE, Kennedy JP, Simman R, Woo K, Weir D, Schultz G, Hermans MH. A review of iodine-based compounds, with a focus on biofilms: results of an expert panel. J Wound Care 2020; 29:S38-S43. [PMID: 32654617 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2020.29.sup7.s38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms play a central role in the chronicity of non-healing lesions such as venous leg ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers. Therefore, biofilm management and treatment is now considered an essential part of wound care. Many antimicrobial treatments, whether topical or systemic, have been shown to have limited efficacy in the treatment of biofilm phenotypes. The antimicrobial properties of iodine compounds rely on multiple and diverse interactions to exert their effects on microorganisms. An expert panel, held in Las Vegas during the autumn Symposium on Advanced Wound Care meeting in 2018, discussed these properties, with the focus on iodine and iodophors and their effects on biofilm prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Randall G Cook
- Jackson Wound and Hyperbaric Medicine Center, Montgomery, AL, US
| | - Eric Johnson
- Bozeman Deaconess Wound and Hyperbaric Center, Driggs, ID, US
| | | | | | | | - Kevin Woo
- Queen's School of Nursing, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Dot Weir
- Catholic Health Advanced Wound Healing Centers, Cheektowaga, NY, US
| | - Gregory Schultz
- Institute for Wound Research to Study Molecular and Cellular Regulation of Healing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, US
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Adnet T, Groo AC, Picard C, Davis A, Corvaisier S, Since M, Bounoure F, Rochais C, Le Pluart L, Dallemagne P, Malzert-Fréon A. Pharmacotechnical Development of a Nasal Drug Delivery Composite Nanosystem Intended for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12030251. [PMID: 32168767 PMCID: PMC7151011 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct nose-to-brain delivery has been raised as a non-invasive powerful strategy to deliver drugs to the brain bypassing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This study aimed at preparing and characterizing an innovative composite formulation, associating the liposome and hydrogel approaches, suitable for intranasal administration. Thermosensitive gel formulations were obtained based on a mixture of two hydrophilic polymers (Poloxamer 407, P407 and Poloxamer 188, P188) for a controlled delivery through nasal route via liposomes of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) of potential interest for Alzheimer’s disease. The osmolarity and the gelation temperature (T° sol-gel) of formulations, defined in a ternary diagram, were investigated by rheometry and visual determination. Regarding the issue of assays, a mixture composed of P407/P188 (15/1%, w/w) was selected for intranasal administration in terms of T° sol-gel and for the compatibility with the olfactory mucosal (280 ± 20 mOsmol, pH 6). Liposomes of API were prepared by the thin film hydration method. Mucoadhesion studies were performed by using mucin disc, and they showed the good natural mucoadhesive characteristics of in situ gel formulations, which increased when liposomes were added. The study demonstrated successful pharmacotechnical development of a promising API-loaded liposomes in a thermosensitive hydrogel intended for nasal Alzheimer’s disease treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Adnet
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000 Caen, France; (T.A.); (A.D.); (S.C.); (M.S.); (C.R.); (P.D.)
- CHU, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Anne-Claire Groo
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000 Caen, France; (T.A.); (A.D.); (S.C.); (M.S.); (C.R.); (P.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.-C.G.); (A.M.-F.); Tel.: +33-231-566819 (A.M.-F.)
| | - Céline Picard
- UNILEHAVRE, FR 3038 CNRS, URCOM, EA 3221, Normandie University,76063 Le Havre, France;
| | - Audrey Davis
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000 Caen, France; (T.A.); (A.D.); (S.C.); (M.S.); (C.R.); (P.D.)
| | - Sophie Corvaisier
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000 Caen, France; (T.A.); (A.D.); (S.C.); (M.S.); (C.R.); (P.D.)
| | - Marc Since
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000 Caen, France; (T.A.); (A.D.); (S.C.); (M.S.); (C.R.); (P.D.)
| | - Frédéric Bounoure
- UFR of Health, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical & Biopharmaceutical technology, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, 76183 Rouen CEDEX, France;
| | - Christophe Rochais
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000 Caen, France; (T.A.); (A.D.); (S.C.); (M.S.); (C.R.); (P.D.)
| | - Loïc Le Pluart
- LCMT, UMR CNRS 6507, EnsiCaen UniCaen, 14000 Caen, France;
| | - Patrick Dallemagne
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000 Caen, France; (T.A.); (A.D.); (S.C.); (M.S.); (C.R.); (P.D.)
| | - Aurélie Malzert-Fréon
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000 Caen, France; (T.A.); (A.D.); (S.C.); (M.S.); (C.R.); (P.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.-C.G.); (A.M.-F.); Tel.: +33-231-566819 (A.M.-F.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cooper R, Kirketerp-Møller K. Non-antibiotic antimicrobial interventions and antimicrobial stewardship in wound care. J Wound Care 2019; 27:355-377. [PMID: 29883284 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2018.27.6.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Control of wound infection today relies largely on antibiotics, but the continual emergence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms threatens a return to the pre-antibiotic era when physicians used antiseptics to prevent and manage infection. Some of those antiseptics are still used today, and others have become available. A diverse variety of non-antibiotic antimicrobial interventions are found on modern formularies. Unlike the mode of action of antibiotics, which affect specific cellular target sites of pathogens, many non-antibiotic antimicrobials affect multiple cellular target sites in a non-specific way. Although this reduces the likelihood of selecting for resistant strains of microorganisms, some have emerged and cross-resistance between antibiotics and antiseptics has been detected. With the prospect of a post-antibiotic era looming, ways to maintain and extend our antimicrobial armamentarium must be found. In this narrative review, current and emerging non-antibiotic antimicrobial strategies will be considered and the need for antimicrobial stewardship in wound care will be explained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rose Cooper
- Professor of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Science, Cardiff School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff, UK
| | - Klaus Kirketerp-Møller
- Orthopaedic Surgeon, Copenhagen Wound Healing Center, Department of Dermatology and Wounds, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gottrup F, Dissemond J, Baines C, Frykberg R, Jensen PØ, Kot J, Kröger K, Longobardi P. Use of Oxygen Therapies in Wound Healing. J Wound Care 2017; 26:S1-S43. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2017.26.sup5.s1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Finn Gottrup
- University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen Wound Healing Center, Department of Dermatology, D42, Bispebjerg University Hospital, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark
| | - Joachim Dissemond
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital of Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Carol Baines
- Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Robert Frykberg
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, AZ 85012 Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Peter Østrup Jensen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark and Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacek Kot
- National Center for Hyperbaric Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Powstania Styczniowego Str. 9B, 81-519 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Knut Kröger
- Department of Vascular Medicine, HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld, 47805 Krefeld, Germany
| | - Pasquale Longobardi
- Affiliate Researcher Institute for Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna (SSSA) Pisa, Italy Medical Director Centro iperbarico, Ravenna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Hydrogel delivery systems can leverage therapeutically beneficial outcomes of drug delivery and have found clinical use. Hydrogels can provide spatial and temporal control over the release of various therapeutic agents, including small-molecule drugs, macromolecular drugs and cells. Owing to their tunable physical properties, controllable degradability and capability to protect labile drugs from degradation, hydrogels serve as a platform in which various physiochemical interactions with the encapsulated drugs control their release. In this Review, we cover multiscale mechanisms underlying the design of hydrogel drug delivery systems, focusing on physical and chemical properties of the hydrogel network and the hydrogel-drug interactions across the network, mesh, and molecular (or atomistic) scales. We discuss how different mechanisms interact and can be integrated to exert fine control in time and space over the drug presentation. We also collect experimental release data from the literature, review clinical translation to date of these systems, and present quantitative comparisons between different systems to provide guidelines for the rational design of hydrogel delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Li
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and the Wyss Institute for biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - David J Mooney
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and the Wyss Institute for biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fox SJ, Fazil MHUT, Dhand C, Venkatesh M, Goh ETL, Harini S, Eugene C, Lim RR, Ramakrishna S, Chaurasia SS, Beuerman RW, Verma CS, Verma NK, Loh XJ, Lakshminarayanan R. Insight into membrane selectivity of linear and branched polyethylenimines and their potential as biocides for advanced wound dressings. Acta Biomater 2016; 37:155-64. [PMID: 27079762 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We report here structure-property relationship between linear and branched polyethylene imines by examining their antimicrobial activities against wide range of pathogens. Both the polymers target the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria and yeasts, eliciting rapid microbicidal properties. Using multiscale molecular dynamic simulations, we showed that, in both fully or partially protonated forms LPEI discriminates between mammalian and bacterial model membranes whereas BPEI lacks selectivity for both the model membranes. Simulation results suggest that LPEI forms weak complex with the zwitterionic lipids whereas the side chain amino groups of BPEI sequester the zwitterionic lipids by forming tight complex. Consistent with these observations, label-free cell impedance measurements, cell viability assays and high content analysis indicate that BPEI is cytotoxic to human epithelial and fibroblasts cells. Crosslinking of BPEI onto electrospun gelatin mats attenuate the cytotoxicity for fibroblasts while retaining the antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and yeasts strains. PEI crosslinked gelatin mats elicit bactericidal activity by contact-mediated killing and durable to leaching for 7days. The potent antimicrobial activity combined with enhanced selectivity of the crosslinked ES gelatin mats would expand the arsenel of biocides in the management of superficial skin infections. The contact-mediated microbicidal properties may avert antimicrobial resistance and expand the diversity of applications to prevent microbial contamination. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Current commercially available advanced wound dressings are either impregnated with metallic silver or silver salts which have side effects or may not avert antimicrobial resistance. In this article, we have used multidisciplinary approach comprising of computational, chemical and biological methods to understand the antimicrobial properties and biocompatibility of linear (LPEI) and branched (BPEI) polyethylenimines. We then applied this knowledge to develop dual purpose wound dressings containing these polymers, which encourages healing while maintain antimicrobial activity. In addition, the approach can be expanded to rationalize the antimicrobial vs. cytotoxicity of other cationic polymers and the method of crosslinking would enhance their potentials as biocides for advanced materials.
Collapse
|
9
|
Bradshaw CE. An in vitro comparison of the antimicrobial activity of honey, iodine and silver wound dressings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/biohorizons/hzr008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
10
|
Thorn R, Austin A, Greenman J, Wilkins J, Davis P. In vitro comparison of antimicrobial activity of iodine and silver dressings against biofilms. J Wound Care 2009; 18:343-6. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2009.18.8.43635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R.M.S. Thorn
- Centre for Research in Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | | | - J. Greenman
- Centre for Research in Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | | | - P.J. Davis
- Universities of Canterbury, Warwick and Exeter
- Insense, Bedford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Boateng JS, Matthews KH, Stevens HNE, Eccleston GM. Wound healing dressings and drug delivery systems: a review. J Pharm Sci 2008; 97:2892-923. [PMID: 17963217 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1637] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The variety of wound types has resulted in a wide range of wound dressings with new products frequently introduced to target different aspects of the wound healing process. The ideal dressing should achieve rapid healing at reasonable cost with minimal inconvenience to the patient. This article offers a review of the common wound management dressings and emerging technologies for achieving improved wound healing. It also reviews many of the dressings and novel polymers used for the delivery of drugs to acute, chronic and other types of wound. These include hydrocolloids, alginates, hydrogels, polyurethane, collagen, chitosan, pectin and hyaluronic acid. There is also a brief section on the use of biological polymers as tissue engineered scaffolds and skin grafts. Pharmacological agents such as antibiotics, vitamins, minerals, growth factors and other wound healing accelerators that take active part in the healing process are discussed. Direct delivery of these agents to the wound site is desirable, particularly when systemic delivery could cause organ damage due to toxicological concerns associated with the preferred agents. This review concerns the requirement for formulations with improved properties for effective and accurate delivery of the required therapeutic agents. General formulation approaches towards achieving optimum physical properties and controlled delivery characteristics for an active wound healing dosage form are also considered briefly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S Boateng
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, John Arbuthnott Building, 27 Taylor Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Leaper DJ, Durani P. Topical antimicrobial therapy of chronic wounds healing by secondary intention using iodine products. Int Wound J 2008; 5:361-8. [PMID: 18494641 PMCID: PMC7951213 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-481x.2007.00406.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
All open wounds healing by secondary intention are contaminated by bacteria and in chronic wounds this can progress through colonisation to invasive infection. Iodine products reduce bacterial load and are active against most species of micro-organisms, and certainly those encountered in chronic wound care. This review evaluates the use of iodine products in chronic wound care including povidone-iodine solutions and cadexomer iodine. Antiseptics containing iodine are relatively cheap, resistance is unknown and concerns about systemic toxicity are probably overstated. More widespread use of these agents as topical anti-microbials in chronic wound care should be considered to reduce the need for systemic antibiotics when colonisation has progressed to invasive infection with systemic signs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Leaper
- Department of Wound Healing, Cardiff University, The Heath, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Iodine is an antiseptic that has been used in wound care for more than 150 years. Traditional formulations of iodine had serious limitations that were reduced in later products. Much has been written about iodine and opinions on its clinical efficacy are divided. There have been reviews of the chemical properties of iodine, its antimicrobial activity, human physiology, cytotoxicity and its clinical effectiveness, but few have addressed all these aspects. With the recent development of iodine-containing wound care products and the continued publication of laboratory and clinical studies, it seems timely to reassess the evidence relating to the effectiveness of iodine for treating wounds. This literature review attempts to provide an appropriate chemical and physiological background of the characteristics of iodine in order to provide a sound basis for understanding the available microbiological and clinical data. It will show that understanding the factors that contribute to the activity and potential cytotoxicity of iodine are important in evaluating the clinical evidence. Although definitive studies are needed, the sustained delivery of low doses of free iodine offers the potential to inhibit a broad range of microbial species without selecting for resistant strains or inducing cytotoxic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rose A Cooper
- Department of Applied Sciences, Centre for Biomedical Sciences, Cardiff School of Health Sciences, University of Wales Institute Cardiff, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Queen D, Coutts P, Fierheller M, Sibbald RG. The Use of a Novel Oxygenating Hydrogel Dressing in the Treatment of Different Chronic Wounds. Adv Skin Wound Care 2007; 20:200, 202, 204, 206. [PMID: 17415028 DOI: 10.1097/01.asw.0000266644.35535.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Queen
- CanCare Consultancy Services, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|