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G P, Pandiar D, Shanmugam R, Poothakulath Krishnan R. An In Vitro Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Cocos nucifera and Triticum aestivum Formulation. Cureus 2023; 15:e48649. [PMID: 38090429 PMCID: PMC10711346 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Medicinal plants are traditionally used in Ayurveda, Unani medicine, and Siddha as primary sources of drugs, and mankind has exploited the therapeutic properties of these herbs throughout history. Coconut (Cocos nucifera), a common ingredient of Indian sub-continental cuisine, has been proven to possess various medicinal properties; similarly, wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum) is of greater medicinal value and is known as the powerhouse of nutrients and vitamins. These have been used individually, but there is limited data on the synergistic use of these products. Thus, the present in vitro study was designed to prepare an oral gel from the extract of C. nucifera and T. aestivum and to assess its cumulative anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Materials and methods C. nucifera extract and T. aestivum extract were prepared separately, and gel formulation was done. The formulated gel was tested for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Results The results of the present study demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory property of the gel formulation was greater as compared to the standard (diclofenac), with the highest percentage of inhibition of 90.1% at 50 μl. With regard to the antioxidant property, we found that it was comparable to the standard (ascorbic acid) at various concentrations, with greater activity at 50 μl. Conclusion The oral gel formulation of coconut (C. nucifera) and wheatgrass (T. aestivum) showed better anti-inflammatory and a comparable antioxidant activity. Thus, this formulation may be employed as an adjunct to the commercially available oral gel preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadharshini G
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Deepak Pandiar
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Rajeshkumar Shanmugam
- Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Reshma Poothakulath Krishnan
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Thai Herbal Formulation-6 in the Treatment of Symptomatic Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Randomized-Controlled Trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2020:8817374. [PMID: 33381209 PMCID: PMC7749772 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8817374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis of the knee is the most common form of arthritis. Identifying effective and safe herbal formulations that are locally available is viewed as a priority for sustainable development in a region. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Thai herbal formulation-6 (THF-6) in comparison with oral diclofenac in patients with moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the knee. Methods This randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, noninferiority trial randomly assigned patients with osteoarthritis of the knee to receive either THF-6 or diclofenac for four weeks. The primary outcome measure was the change from baseline in knee pain as measured by a 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS). Secondary outcome measures included knee stiffness, a stair climb test, the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, and safety parameters. Outcomes were assessed on a biweekly basis. Modified intention-to-treat (MITT) and perprotocol (PP) analyses were applied. Results A total of 200 patients were enrolled of whom 175 (87.5%) were included in the MITT analysis and 153 (76.5%) in the PP analysis. The mean change in VAS pain did not differ between the two groups, and the upper limit of the two-sided 95% confidence interval (CI) for comparison between the two groups was within the prespecified margin of 10 mm for noninferiority (MITT analysis: mean difference = 0.86, 95% CI = -4.39 to 6.10, p=0.748; PP analysis: mean difference = 1.98, 95% CI = -3.61 to 7.56, p=0.486). Significant improvement was observed in all the efficacy parameters in both groups. Dyspepsia was the most common adverse event: 23 patients in the THF-6 group and 28 in the diclofenac group (p=0.417). Conclusions THF-6 offers an alternative to oral diclofenac for the short-term treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. It was shown to be noninferior to oral diclofenac in relieving knee pain. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-IPR-15007213.
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Sangeetha M, Chamundeeswari D, Saravana Babu C, Rose C, Gopal V. Attenuation of oxidative stress in arthritic rats by ethanolic extract of Albizia procera benth bark through modulation of the expression of inflammatory cytokines. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 250:112435. [PMID: 31785384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Albizia procera L. (Leguminosae) commonly known as Konda vagai in Tamil, is used for the treatment of stomach and intestinal disorders. A decoction of the bark is prescribed for rheumatism and haemorrhage. Traditionally, literature claims Albizia procera as a drug to have antirheumatic properties and hence used by Tribal for the management of chronic rheumatism. Consequently, the present study has been undertaken to illustrate the beneficial outcome of Albizia procera in adjuvant induced arthritic rat model with respect to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study is aimed to investigate the oxidative stress and the expression of inflammatory markers in arthritic rats treated with ethanolic bark extract of Albizia procera. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethanolic bark extract was characterized by HPTLC analysis. Acute oral toxicity study was performed according to the OECD test guideline 423 - Acute toxic class method. The anti-inflammatory effect of ETBE (100, 200 mg/kg/day/p.o.) was evaluated in complete Freund's adjuvant induced arthritic rats using diclofenac as positive control (0.3 mg/kg/day/p. o.). Plasma levels of interleukins TNF- α, IFN-α, IL-2, IL-6, myeloperoxidase and Cathepsin D levels were measured to assess the inflammatory effect of ETBE extract of Albizia procera. Further, the effect of ETBE on superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were assessed in plasma. RESULTS HPTLC analysis showed the presence of 0.57% w/w of biochanin-A in ETBE. ETBE did not show any toxic signs up to 2000 mg/kg body weight. It exhibited the significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential and did not show mortality up to 2000 mg/kg body weight. ETBE treatment significantly reduced the levels of TNF- α, IFN-α, IL-2, IL-6 and myeloperoxidase, and increased cathepsin D levels compared to vehicle treated animals. SOD, GSH and GPX levels were significantly restored to normal levels while LPO was significantly reduced at 200 mg/kg b. wt. Treated animals. Histopathological studies showed complete cartilage regeneration and near normal joint in ETBE treated arthritic rats. CONCLUSION ETBE demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory activity by modulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines and restoring the antioxidant enzyme levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sangeetha
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India.
| | - D Chamundeeswari
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India.
| | - C Saravana Babu
- Dept of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India.
| | - C Rose
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Central Leather Research Institute Adyar, Chennai, 600020, India.
| | - V Gopal
- Mother Theresa Postgraduate and Research Institute of Health Sciences, Indira Nagar, Puducherry, 605006, India.
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Albasher G, Alharthi N, Alkahtani S, Aljarba N, Al Sultan N, Alsaiari A, Nasir O, Bin-Jumah M, Alqahtani W. Behavioral and physiological assessments to evaluate the effect of Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal in albino mice. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_20_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Zhang J, Akihisa T, Kurita M, Kikuchi T, Zhu WF, Ye F, Dong ZH, Liu WY, Feng F, Xu J. Melanogenesis-Inhibitory and Cytotoxic Activities of Triterpene Glycoside Constituents from the Bark of Albizia procera. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:2612-2620. [PMID: 30520635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Five oleanane-type triterpene glycosides including three new ones, proceraosides E-G (1-3), were isolated from a MeOH-soluble extract of Albizia procera bark. The structures of 1-3 were determined by use of NMR spectra, HRESIMS, and chemical methods. Compounds 1-5 exhibited inhibitory activities against the proliferation of the A549, SKBR3, AZ521, and HL60 human cancer cell lines (IC50 0.28-1.8 μM). Additionally, the apoptosis-inducing activity of compound 2 was evaluated by Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry, while the effects of 2 on the activation of caspases-9, -8, and -3 in HL60 cells were revealed by Western blot analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicine Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Toshihiro Akihisa
- College of Science and Technology , Nihon University , 1-8-14 Kanda Surugadai , Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8308 , Japan
| | - Masahiro Kurita
- College of Science and Technology , Nihon University , 1-8-14 Kanda Surugadai , Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8308 , Japan
| | - Takashi Kikuchi
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094 , Japan
| | - Wan-Fang Zhu
- Department of Natural Medicine Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Natural Medicine Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Huan Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Natural Medicine Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College , Huaian , Jiangsu 223003 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Natural Medicine Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
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Sultana T, Mannan MA, Ahmed T. Evaluation of central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity of methanolic extract of Commelina diffusa Burm. in mice. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-018-0063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Villacorta RB, Roque KFJ, Tapang GA, Jacinto SD. Plant extracts as natural photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy: in vitro activity against human mammary adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Ghosh Tarafdar R, Nath S, Das Talukdar A, Dutta Choudhury M. Antidiabetic plants used among the ethnic communities of Unakoti district of Tripura, India. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 160:219-226. [PMID: 25457986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A large group of ethnic communities living in Unakoti district of Tripura, India is still dependent on traditional herbal remedies for treatment of diabetes. Valuable information collected from these communities in the present investigation is important in maintaining their indigenous knowledge of folklore medicine. METHODS Systematic and extensive field surveys were conducted during 2011-2013 among the ethnic inhabitants of Unokati district, Tripura, India covering all the seasons to collect information on their traditional herbal medication system for treatment of diabetes. Obtained data were analysed through fidelity level (FL), use value (UV) and relative frequency of citation (RFC) to authenticate the uniqueness of the species being used for diabetes treatment. RESULTS In this current study a total of 39 medicinal plant species belonging to 37 genera and 28 families were presented, used by the traditional healers of Unakoti district, Tripura, India for diabetes treatment. FL, UV and RFC values of collected plants for the selected study area ranges between 06% and 100%, 0.07% and 2.64% and 0.02% and 0.51% respectively. Out of 39 collected plants, 11, 5 and 3 plant species have showed significant (<50%) FL, UV and RFC values respectively. CONCLUSION Like many other ethnic communities of the world, inhabitants of Unakoti district depend on a traditional medication system to treat diabetes. Documented floras are locally available and need proper further pharmacological validation to endorse their traditional use in a modern health care system. This will help in the development of effective herbal antidiabetic medicines in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramananda Ghosh Tarafdar
- Ethnobotany and Medicinal Plants Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India.
| | - Sushmita Nath
- Ethnobotany and Medicinal Plants Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
| | - Anupam Das Talukdar
- Ethnobotany and Medicinal Plants Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
| | - Manabendra Dutta Choudhury
- Ethnobotany and Medicinal Plants Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
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