Multiple gouty tophi in the head and neck with normal serum uric acid: A case report and review of literatures

Correlations of characteristics with tissue involvement in knee gouty arthritis: Magnetic resonance imaging analysis

Objective

This study investigates the MRI features of knee gouty arthritis (KGA), examines its relationship with the extent of tissue involvement, and assesses whether risk factors can predict KGA.

Materials and methods

Patients diagnosed with KGA underwent MRI examinations, and two independent observers retrospectively analyzed data from 44 patients (49 knees). These patients were divided into mild and severe groups based on tissue involvement observed during arthroscopy. MRI features were summarized, and the intraclass correlation coefficient evaluated interobserver reproducibility. Single-factor analysis compared clinical indicators and MRI features between groups, while Cramer's V coefficient assessed correlations. Multivariate logistic regression identified predictors of tissue involvement extent, and a ROC curve evaluated diagnostic performance.

Results

Among 49 knees, 18 had mild and 31 had severe tissue involvement. Key MRI features included ligament sketch-like changes, meniscal urate deposition, irregularly serrated cartilage changes, low-signal signs within joint effusion, synovial proliferation, Hoffa's fat pad synovitis, gouty tophi, bone erosion, and bone marrow edema. The interobserver reliability of the MRI features was good. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed between the groups for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) sketch-like changes, Hoffa's fat pad synovitis, and gouty tophi. ACL sketch-like changes (r = 0.309), Hoffa's fat pad synovitis (r = 0.309), and gouty tophi (r = 0.408) were positively correlated with the extent of tissue involvement (P < 0.05). ACL sketch-like changes (OR = 9.019, 95 % CI: 1.364-61.880), Hoffa's fat pad synovitis (OR = 6.472, 95 % CI: 1.041-40.229), and gouty tophi (OR = 5.972, 95 % CI: 1.218-29.276) were identified as independent predictors of tissue involvement extent (P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve was 0.862, with a sensitivity of 67.70 %, specificity of 94.40 %, and accuracy of 79.14 %.

Conclusion

This comprehensive analysis of MRI features identifies ligament sketch-like changes, meniscal urate deposition, and low-signal signs within joint effusion as characteristic MRI manifestations of KGA. Irregular cartilage changes are valuable for differential diagnosis in young and middle-aged patients. ACL sketch-like changes, Hoffa's fat pad synovitis, and gouty tophi correlate with tissue involvement severity and are critical in predicting and assessing the extent of tissue involvement in KGA.

Infected nasal gout tophus: A case report

Gout is a common form of inflammatory arthritis, characterized by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals. If chronically present and not adequately treated by serum urate reducers, gout tophi can develop at various locations. Here, we report the first infected gout tophus at the septal cartilage and nasal tip.