1
|
Steinman KJ, Liu PJ, Anetzberger G, Pettey Rockwood A, Teferra A, Ejaz FK. Using administrative data from adult protective services: opportunities and considerations. J Elder Abuse Negl 2022; 34:77-92. [PMID: 35034566 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2021.2020700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
As federal agencies support the development of data systems for adult protective services (APS), researchers and practitioners are increasingly using administrative data to study types of adult maltreatment, including self-neglect, and the systems that respond to them. To date, however, APS has worked with little guidance about how best to use these data. This situation has contributed to inconsistent findings and uneven quality of research. Based on the authors' experience in multiple states and using examples from research and practice, this paper reviews practical considerations related to organizing and analyzing APS administrative data. We address concerns related to time-limited, erroneous, and missing data, as well as defining metrics and accounting for the multilevel structure of data with repeated observations. Reviewing these methodological details can help APS practitioners strengthen quality assurance processes and improve research in this important area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth J Steinman
- College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio USA
| | - Pi-Ju Liu
- School of Nursing and Center on Aging and the Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana USA
| | - Georgia Anetzberger
- Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences and School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, South Euclid, Ohio USA
| | | | - Andreas Teferra
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio USA
| | - Farida Kassim Ejaz
- Center for Research and Education, Benjamin Rose Institute on Aging, Cleveland, Ohio USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abner EL, Teaster PB, Mendiondo MS, Ramsey-Klawsnik H, Marcum JL, Crawford TN, Wangmo T. Victim, Allegation, and Investigation Characteristics Associated With Substantiated Reports of Sexual Abuse of Adults in Residential Care Settings. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2019; 34:3995-4019. [PMID: 27754922 DOI: 10.1177/0886260516672051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of investigations of sexual abuse concerning vulnerable adults residing in facility settings that were associated with case substantiation. Data on 410 reports of sexual abuse were collected prospectively from Adult Protective Services (APS) and state licensure agency staff in New Hampshire, Oregon, Tennessee, Texas, and Wisconsin over a six-month period. Specifically, we examined differences between reports that were substantiated and those that were not by comparing characteristics of alleged victims, alleged perpetrators, and aspects of investigation using logistic regression. We found that a relatively low proportion of cases (18%) were substantiated overall. Compared to cases that were not substantiated, cases that were substantiated were more likely to feature nursing home residents, older victims, female victims, and allegations of physical contact between the alleged perpetrator and victim. Despite the high proportion of alleged perpetrators who were facility staff (51%) compared to resident perpetrators (25%), cases with resident-to-resident allegations of abuse were much more likely to be substantiated, accounting for 63% of substantiated cases. In light of these findings, we believe it is important that investigators are trained to handle sexual abuse cases appropriately and that they are able to investigate the case thoroughly, promptly, and with as much information as possible. It is also critical that investigators make substantiation decisions using the appropriate standard for confirmation (e.g., preponderance of the evidence, beyond a reasonable doubt, clear and convincing evidence) as state law dictates.
Collapse
|
3
|
Ghesquiere A, Plichta SB, McAfee C, Rogers G. Professional quality of life of adult protective service workers. J Elder Abuse Negl 2017; 30:1-19. [DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2017.1352550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Ghesquiere
- Brookdale Center for Healthy Aging, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stacey B. Plichta
- Health Policy & Management, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Caitlin McAfee
- Brookdale Center for Healthy Aging, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Geoff Rogers
- Brookdale Center for Healthy Aging, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ernst JS, Ramsey-Klawsnik H, Schillerstrom JE, Dayton C, Mixson P, Counihan M. Informing evidence-based practice: a review of research analyzing adult protective services data. J Elder Abuse Negl 2015; 26:458-94. [PMID: 24965804 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2013.832605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The mission of Adult Protective Services (APS) is to protect older and vulnerable adults from abuse, neglect, and exploitation. The complexity of APS cases and the potential for life-changing interventions point to the need for research that examines and evaluates APS practices. A literature review identified 50 studies published during a 16-year period that used APS agencies, clients, data, or resources to test hypotheses regarding elder abuse. The analysis revealed promising efforts toward knowledge development about elder mistreatment and self-neglect. This article provides an overview of salient findings, notes the scarcity of studies that analyze the effectiveness of APS, and highlights the need for additional research. Lessons learned are described, and APS practitioners and researchers are urged to work collaboratively to develop key practice-related questions about APS processes and outcomes that can be tested with appropriate research methodologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joy Swanson Ernst
- a Department of Sociology and Social Work , Hood College , Frederick , Maryland , USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wangmo T, Teaster PB, Grace J, Wong W, Mendiondo MS, Blandford C, Fisher S, Fardo DW. An Ecological Systems Examination of Elder Abuse: A Week in the Life of Adult Protective Services. J Elder Abuse Negl 2014; 26:440-57. [DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2013.800463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
6
|
Daly JM, Jogerst GJ. Multidisciplinary Team Legislative Language Associated With Elder Abuse Investigations. J Elder Abuse Negl 2013; 26:44-59. [DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2013.782783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
7
|
Bern-Klug M, Sabri B. Nursing home social services directors and elder abuse staff training. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2012; 55:5-20. [PMID: 22220990 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2011.626016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In a nationally representative study of 1,071 nursing home social services directors 80% of social services departments provided resident rights training and 60-70% were involved in abuse training. Departments headed by recent grads and in chain nursing homes or in the northeast were more likely to be involved in training. Seventy-two percent of social services directors were able to provide one-on-one training about reporting suspected abuse; education and licensure were related to ability to train.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Bern-Klug
- School of Social Work, University of Iowa, 308 North Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ernst JS, Smith CA. Assessment in Adult Protective Services: do multidisciplinary teams make a difference? JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2012; 55:21-38. [PMID: 22220991 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2011.626842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study compared 2 approaches to the assessment of Adult Protective Services (APS) cases. Using administrative data from 869 cases in 2 counties in Maryland, the differences between a nurse/social worker team and a lone social worker in case disposition, risk reduction, recidivism, and cost effectiveness were examined. Lone social workers were significantly more likely to confirm financial exploitation, physical abuse, and neglect by others; while the team approach resulted in significantly greater risk reduction. No differences were observed in relation to recidivism, self-neglect and cost savings. Given limited resources, research that examines optimal staffing patterns in APS agencies is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joy Swanson Ernst
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, Hood College, 401 Rosemont Avenue, Frederick, MD 21701, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Knowledge, detection, and reporting of abuse by health and social care professionals: a systematic review. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2009; 17:826-38. [PMID: 19916205 DOI: 10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181b0fa2e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The authors systematically reviewed the 32 articles fitting predetermined criteria that investigated health and social care professionals' knowledge, detection, and reporting of elder abuse. These included 21 surveys (of 5,325 professionals), nine analyses of elder abuse reports to statutory bodies, and two intervention studies. Compatible results were pooled in a meta-analysis. Professionals consistently underestimated the prevalence of elder abuse. Only a quarter of U.S. physicians were aware of American Medical Association elder abuse guidelines. The authors found that 33.7% (95% confidence interval: 27.5-40.1) of health care professionals had detected a case of older adult abuse in the last year. This was slightly higher when only studies judged to be most representative, which all surveyed physicians, were included (39.9% [23.4-57.7]). About half of the detected abuse cases were reported. Professionals who recalled receiving any training on abuse were no more likely to detect abuse than those who stated they had not had training, although they were more likely to report the abuse if they detected it. Interventions that taught professionals about the management of abuse by face-to-face training were effective in increasing knowledge, whereas giving written information was not. No intervention studies have investigated whether detection and reporting of abuse can also be increased through education. Current evidence would support the development and testing of interventions to increase professionals' detection and reporting of abuse. These would encourage them to ask older people about abuse, and address professionals' concerns about the impact of reporting on therapeutic relationships, victims; and legal consequences for the reporter.
Collapse
|
11
|
Bourassa DB. Compassion fatigue and the adult protective services social worker. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2009; 52:215-229. [PMID: 19308828 DOI: 10.1080/01634370802609296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Compassion fatigue is a relatively new term that describes the symptoms that are experienced by social workers and other helping professionals who work with clients experiencing trauma. This article defines the concept of compassion fatigue and relates compassion fatigue to Adult Protective Services (APS) social workers. It is proposed that APS social workers may be susceptible to the deleterious effects of compassion fatigue due to the nature of their work and environment. Suggestions for avoidance of compassion fatigue are also discussed, including self-care strategies and the need for continuing education regarding this phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dara Bergel Bourassa
- Department of Social Work and Gerontology, Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, Pennsylvania 17257, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Anetzberger GJ. RESPONDING TO ELDER ABUSE: INTERDISCIPLINARY COOPERATION OR LEADERSHIP VOID? THE GERONTOLOGIST 2007. [DOI: 10.1093/geront/47.5.711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
13
|
Abstract
In the past 10 years, reports of the abuse of older adults have risen by 30%. Supported by a growing body of work, research, practitioner and policy communities are poised to confront the problem. This article represents a review of the elder abuse and neglect literature published since 2001. Literature on elder abuse and neglect tends to be grouped in the following categories: definitional issues; screening and assessment instruments; the scope of elder abuse and neglect; sexual abuse; risk factors; outcomes; studies of Adult Protective Services; multidisciplinary teams; interventions by medical, criminal justice and policy communities; long-term care facilities; and theoretical perspectives. The authors suggest that studies of elder abuse and neglect move beyond descriptive studies and include more nuanced statistical methods and mixed methods approaches, further explore the promising research design of crosslinking a variety of databases, include a theoretical underpinning and work toward more theorizing, explore incidence and prevalence approaches to eventually capture elder abuse and neglect on a national level, and focus on outcomes of interventions (e.g., education, agency/entity).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela B Teaster
- University of Kentucky, Gerontology and Public Health, 306 Health Sciences Building, 900 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536–0200, USA
| | - Susan A Lawrence
- University of Kentucky, Gerontology and Public Health, 306 Health Sciences Building, 900 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536–0200, USA
| | - Kara A Cecil
- University of Kentucky, Gerontology and Public Health, 306 Health Sciences Building, 900 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536–0200, USA
| |
Collapse
|