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Mohamed AO, Hafez SMNA, Ibrahim RA, Rifaai RA. Exercise ameliorates hippocampal damage induced by Wi-Fi radiation; a biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical study. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 129:102252. [PMID: 36796735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nowadays, using electromagnetic devices (EMD) has been increased. However, the control of EMD hazards was poorly evaluated, especially those affected the hippocampus. Regular physical exercises are safe, easily, inexpensive, and acceptable for long-term use. It is reported that exercise protects against many health problems. AIM is to investigate the hypothesis of the possible prophylactic effect of exercise on the hippocampal damage induced by electromagnetic waves of Wi-Fi. MATERIAL AND METHODS Adult male albino rats were divided into four groups: group I (control), group II (exercise), group III (Wi-Fi), and group IV (exercise -Wi-Fi). Hippocampi were subjected to biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical techniques. RESULTS In group III, a significant increase in the oxidative enzymes as well as decrease in antioxidant enzymes were detected in rat hippocampus. Additionally, the hippocampus showed degenerated pyramidal and granular neurons. An evident decrease in both PCNA and ZO-1 immunoreactivity was also noticed. In group IV, physical exercise alleviates the effect of Wi-Fi on previously mentioned parameters. CONCLUSION Regular physical exercise performance significantly minimizes the hippocampal damage and protects against the hazarders of chronic Wi-Fi radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Osama Mohamed
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | | | - Randa Ahmed Ibrahim
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Rehab Ahmed Rifaai
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
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Rui G, Liu LY, Guo L, Xue YZ, Lai PP, Gao P, Xing JL, Li J, Ding GR. Effects of 5.8 GHz microwave on hippocampal synaptic plasticity of rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:2247-2259. [PMID: 34293966 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2021.1952165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE 5.8 GHz spectrum is gaining more attention in wireless technology. To explore the potential hazards, we investigated the effect of exposure to 5.8 GHz microwave on learning and memory ability of rats. Methods: Morris Water maze (MWM), Novel object recognition (NOR) and Fear conditioning test (FCT) were used to evaluate the ability of spatial and non-spatial memory of rats. The hippocampal morphology, the level of brain injury factors in serum and the mitochondrial membrane potential of hippocampal neurons was examined to evaluate the damage of hippocampal neurons. The density of dendritic spines, the ultrastructure of synapses and the level of PSD95, Synaptophysin, p-CREB and CREB were detected to evaluate the hippocampal synaptic plasticity. RESULTS Compared with Sham group, there was no significant difference in the performance of ethology (in MWM, NOR, FCT) in Microwave 2 h group or Microwave 4 h group. The hippocampal morphology, the serum level of brain injury factors and the content of mitochondrial JC-1 monomer in Microwave 2 h group or Microwave 4 h group did not change obviously, compared with Sham group. The density of dendritic spines, the ultrastructure of synapse and the level of PSD95, Synaptophysin, p-CREB and CREB in hippocampus in Microwave 2 h group or Microwave 4 h group did not significantly change, compared with Sham group. CONCLUSION Under this experimental condition, exposure to 5.8 GHz microwave could not affect the hippocampal synaptic plasticity of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Rui
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li-Yuan Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi-Zhe Xue
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pan-Pan Lai
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun-Ling Xing
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gui-Rong Ding
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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