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Niesen AE, Hull ML. State of the Art in Radiostereometric Analysis for Tibial Baseplate Migration and Future Research Directions. J Biomech Eng 2023; 145:120801. [PMID: 37792485 DOI: 10.1115/1.4063626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) measures movement (migration) of a baseplate relative to the underlying tibia after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and has been used extensively to evaluate safety of new implant designs and/or surgical techniques regarding baseplate loosening. Because RSA is a complex methodology which involves various choices that researchers make, including whether to use marker-based or model-based methods, which migration metric to report, how to relate short-term migrations to long-term risk, and how these choices impact error, the objectives of this review were to: (1) lay out a comprehensive structure illustrating the multiple components/considerations for RSA and their interrelations, (2) review components of the structure using the latest RSA literature, and (3) use the preceding review as a context for identifying future areas of study. The components to be reviewed were structured using the following topics: type of RSA, migration metrics, sources of error, studies/reports of error, stability limits, and studies of error in stability limits. Based on the current RSA literature and knowledge gaps which exist, the following future research directions were identified: (1) revising the ISO standard to require reporting of clinical measurement error (bias) and recommending use of a local baseplate coordinate system, (2) identifying the migration metric and associated threshold most predictive of baseplate loosening for individual patients, (3) creating a method for data sharing to improve individual patient diagnostics, and (4) determining an appropriate stability limit for model-based RSA for group stability and individual patient diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail E Niesen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Maury L Hull
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, 4860 Y Street, Suite 3800, Sacramento, CA 95817
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2
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Karachalios T, Komnos G, Amprazis V, Antoniou I, Athanaselis S. A 9-Year Outcome Study Comparing Cancellous Titanium-Coated Cementless to Cemented Tibial Components of a Single Knee Arthroplasty Design. J Arthroplasty 2018; 33:3672-3677. [PMID: 30077469 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cemented Advance Medial-Pivot total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was designed to reflect contemporary knee kinematics data and has shown satisfactory long-term outcomes. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated prospectively collected data from 2 groups of patients. Group A consisted of 54 patients (54 TKAs), 18 men and 36 women, and mean age at surgery was 63.2 ± 5.2 years; group B consisted of 54 patients (54 TKAs), 17 men and 37 women, and mean age at surgery was 63.8 ± 5.1 years. Patients of both groups were matched for age, gender, side, body mass index, and length of follow-up. The cementless components of this design were implanted in group A and the cemented in group B. Implant failure, complication rates, clinical (both subjective and objective) and radiological outcomes were assessed in all patients of both groups. RESULTS All patients of both groups were available for final follow-up evaluation at a mean of 8.6 ± 0.4 years. Survival analysis at 9 years showed a cumulative success rate of 100% in both groups with all end points. In neither group were implant-related, surgeon-related, or patient-related failures observed. When both groups were compared, in all time intervals, no differences were recorded on Knee Society system, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index, Short Form-12, and Oxford Knee Scores. On radiological examination, for both groups, all parameters evaluated were satisfactory. CONCLUSION This study presents satisfactory midterm clinical and radiological outcomes with the use of both versions of this design. Moreover, no implant-related failures were observed with the use of cancellous titanium-coated tibial implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theofilos Karachalios
- Orthopaedic Department, University of Thessalia, University General Hospital, Biopolis, Larissa, Thessalia, Hellenic Republic
| | - George Komnos
- Orthopaedic Department, University of Thessalia, University General Hospital, Biopolis, Larissa, Thessalia, Hellenic Republic
| | - Vasilios Amprazis
- Orthopaedic Department, University of Thessalia, University General Hospital, Biopolis, Larissa, Thessalia, Hellenic Republic
| | - Ioannis Antoniou
- Orthopaedic Department, University of Thessalia, University General Hospital, Biopolis, Larissa, Thessalia, Hellenic Republic
| | - Stratis Athanaselis
- Orthopaedic Department, University of Thessalia, University General Hospital, Biopolis, Larissa, Thessalia, Hellenic Republic
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3
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Abstract
Purpose - We performed a systematic review and meta-analyses to evaluate the early and long-term migration patterns of tibial components of TKR of all known RSA studies. Methods - Migration pattern was defined as at least 2 postoperative RSA follow-up moments. Maximal total point motion (MTPM) at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 5 years, and 10 years were considered. Results - The literature search yielded 1,167 hits of which 53 studies were included, comprising 111 study groups and 2,470 knees. The majority of the early migration occurred in the first 6 months postoperatively followed by a period of stability, i.e., no or very little migration. Cemented and uncemented tibial components had different migration patterns. For cemented tibial components there was no difference in migration between all-poly and metal-backed components, between mobile bearing and fixed bearing, between cruciate retaining and posterior stabilized. Furthermore, no difference existed between TKR measured with model-based RSA or marker-based RSA methods. For uncemented TKR there was some variation in migration with the highest migration for uncoated TKR. Interpretation - The results from this meta-analysis on RSA migration of TKR are in line with both the survival analyses results from joint registries of these TKRs as well as revision rates results from meta-analyses, thus providing further proof for the association between early migration and late revision for loosening. The pooled migration patterns can be used both as benchmarks and for defining migration thresholds for future evaluation of new TKR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart G Pijls
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden,Correspondence:
| | - José W M Plevier
- Walaeus Library, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Cementless vs Cemented Tibial Fixation in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2017; 32:1510-1515. [PMID: 28082042 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ideal fixation for modern tibial components in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains controversial with uncertainty on whether cementless implants can yield equivalent outcomes to cemented fixation in early follow-up. METHODS A series of 70 consecutive cases with reverse hybrid cementless fixation were matched to 70 cemented cases from 2008 to 2015 based on implant design and patient demographics. RESULTS Cementless TKA demonstrated greater aseptic loosening (7 vs 0, P = .013) and revision surgery (10 vs 0, P = .001) than cemented fixation within 5 years of follow-up, but with no clinically significant differences in outcome scores. CONCLUSION It remains unclear whether early aseptic loosening in cementless TKA can be reduced with enhanced adjunct fixation and what proportion of early failure justifies the potential lifelong fixation through biologic ingrowth of cementless tibial components.
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Saleh KJ, El Othmani MM, Tzeng TH, Mihalko WM, Chambers MC, Grupp TM. Acrylic bone cement in total joint arthroplasty: A review. J Orthop Res 2016; 34:737-44. [PMID: 26852143 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Acrylic bone cement has a variety of applications in orthopedic surgery. Primary uses in total arthroplasties are limited to prostheses fixation and antibiotic delivery. With the large number of total joint arthroplasties expected to continue to rise, understanding the role bone cement plays in the success of total joint arthroplasty can have a significant impact on daily practice. The literature is inconclusive on whether cemented or cementless fixation technique is superior, and choice of fixation type is mainly determined by surgeon preference and experience. Surgeons should understand that if poor techniques exist, short-term outcomes of the replaced joint may be at risk. Statement of clinical significance: This article attempts to clarify some points of bone cement use through a review of the mechanical properties related to bone cement, a comparison to alternative materials, influence of additives, and the effects on surgical outcomes. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:737-744, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled J Saleh
- Division of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Department of Surgery, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, 62794-9679
| | - Mouhanad M El Othmani
- Division of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Department of Surgery, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, 62794-9679
| | - Tony H Tzeng
- Division of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Department of Surgery, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, 62794-9679
| | - William M Mihalko
- Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, 956 Court Ave, Suite E226, Memphis, Tennessee, 38163
| | - Monique C Chambers
- Division of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Department of Surgery, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, 62794-9679
| | - Thomas M Grupp
- Clinic for Orthopaedic Surgery, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany Aesculap AG, Research & Development, Tuttlingen, Germany
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García David S, Cortijo Martínez J, Navarro Bermúdez I, Maculé F, Hinarejos P, Puig-Verdié L, Monllau J, Hernández Hermoso J. The geometry of the keel determines the behaviour of the tibial tray against torsional forces in total knee replacement. Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol (Engl Ed) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recote.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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7
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García David S, Cortijo Martínez JA, Navarro Bermúdez I, Maculé F, Hinarejos P, Puig-Verdié L, Monllau JC, Hernández Hermoso JA. [The geometry of the keel determines the behaviour of the tibial tray against torsional forces in total knee replacement]. Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol (Engl Ed) 2014; 58:329-35. [PMID: 25037111 DOI: 10.1016/j.recot.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The keel design of the tibial tray is essential for the transmission of the majority of the forces to the peripheral bone structures, which have better mechanical proprieties, thus reducing the risk of loosening. The aim of the present study was to compare the behaviour of different tibial tray designs submitted to torsional forces. Four different tibial components were modelled. The 3-D reconstruction was made using the Mimics software. The solid elements were generated by SolidWorks. The finite elements study was done by Unigraphics. A torsional force of 6 Nm. applied to the lateral aspects of each tibial tray was simulated. The GENUTECH® tibial tray, with peripheral trabecular bone support, showed a lower displacement and less transmitted tensions under torsional forces. The results suggest that a tibial tray with more peripheral support behaves mechanically better than the other studied designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S García David
- Departamento de I+D+i, SURGIVAL, Paterna, Valencia, España
| | | | | | - F Maculé
- Unidad de Rodilla, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - P Hinarejos
- Unidad de Rodilla, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), IMIM
| | - L Puig-Verdié
- Unidad de Rodilla, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), IMIM
| | - J C Monllau
- Servicio COT, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)
| | - J A Hernández Hermoso
- Servicio de COT, Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España
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Cementless and cemented total knee arthroplasty in patients younger than fifty five years. Which is better? INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2014; 38:297-303. [PMID: 24420155 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-013-2243-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this prospective, randomised study was to evaluate long-term clinical results, radiographic findings, complications and revision and survivorship rates in patients <55 years at a minimum of 16 years after undergoing bilateral, sequential, simultaneous, cemented and cementless total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) in the same patients. METHODS Bilateral, sequential, simultaneous TKAs were performed in 80 patients (160 knees). There were 63 women and 17 men with a mean age of 54.3 years (range 49-55), who received a cementless prosthesis in one knee and a cemented prosthesis in the other. The mean follow-up was 16.6 years (range 16-17). RESULTS At final review, the mean Knee Society (KS) knee scores (95.8 versus 96.9), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) osteoarthritis (OA) index (25.4 versus 25.9), range of motion (ROM) (125° versus 128°), patient satisfaction (8.1 versus 8.3) and radiological results were similar in both groups. Femoral component survival rate was 100% in both groups at 17 years; at 17 years, the cemented tibial component survival rate was 100% and the cementless tibial component 98.7%. No osteolysis was identified in either group. CONCLUSION Long-term results of both cementless and cemented TKAs were encouraging in patients with OA who were <55 years. However, we found no evidence to prove the superiority of cementless over cemented TKAs.
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Pijls BG, Valstar ER, Nouta KA, Plevier JW, Fiocco M, Middeldorp S, Nelissen RG. Early migration of tibial components is associated with late revision: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 21,000 knee arthroplasties. Acta Orthop 2012; 83:614-24. [PMID: 23140091 PMCID: PMC3555454 DOI: 10.3109/17453674.2012.747052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We performed two parallel systematic reviews and meta-analyses to determine the association between early migration of tibial components and late aseptic revision. METHODS One review comprised early migration data from radiostereometric analysis (RSA) studies, while the other focused on revision rates for aseptic loosening from long-term survival studies. Thresholds for acceptable and unacceptable migration were determined according to that of several national joint registries: < 5% revision at 10 years. RESULTS Following an elaborate literature search, 50 studies (involving 847 total knee prostheses (TKPs)) were included in the RSA review and 56 studies (20,599 TKPs) were included in the survival review. The results showed that for every mm increase in migration there was an 8% increase in revision rate, which remained after correction for age, sex, diagnosis, hospital type, continent, and study quality. Consequently, migration up to 0.5 mm was considered acceptable during the first postoperative year, while migration of 1.6 mm or more was unacceptable. TKPs with migration of between 0.5 and 1.6 mm were considered to be at risk of having revision rates higher than 5% at 10 years. INTERPRETATION There was a clinically relevant association between early migration of TKPs and late revision for loosening. The proposed migration thresholds can be implemented in a phased, evidence-based introduction of new types of knee prostheses, since they allow early detection of high-risk TKPs while exposing only a small number of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart G Pijls
- Department of Orthopaedics, Bio Imaging Group, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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10
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Ranawat CS, Meftah M, Windsor EN, Ranawat AS. Cementless fixation in total knee arthroplasty. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 94:82-4. [DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.94b11.30826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
There has been a recent increase in interest for non-cemented fixation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), however the superiority of cement fixation is an ongoing debate. Whereas the results based on Level III and IV evidence show similar survivorship rates between the two types of fixation, Level I and II evidence strongly support cemented fixation. United Kingdom, Australia, Sweden, and New Zealand registry data show lower failure rates and greater usage of cemented than non-cemented fixation. Case series studies have also indicated greater functional outcomes and lower revision rates among cemented TKAs. Non-cemented fixation involves more patellofemoral complications, including increased susceptibility to wear due to a thinner polyethylene bearing on the cementless metal-backed component. The combination of results from registry data, prospective randomised studies, and meta-analyses support the current superiority of cemented fixation in TKAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. S. Ranawat
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 1300
York Avenue, New York, New
York 10065, USA
| | - M. Meftah
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535
E. 70th Street, New York, New
York 10021, USA
| | - E. N. Windsor
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 535
E. 70th Street, New York, New
York 10021, USA
| | - A. S. Ranawat
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 1300
York Avenue, New York, New
York 10065, USA
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11
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Nakama GY, Peccin MS, Almeida GJM, Lira Neto ODA, Queiroz AAB, Navarro RD. Cemented, cementless or hybrid fixation options in total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis and other non-traumatic diseases. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 10:CD006193. [PMID: 23076921 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd006193.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is not clear which fixation of total knee arthroplasty obtains the best clinical, functional and radiographic results in people with osteoarthritis and other non-traumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. OBJECTIVES To assess the benefits and harms of cemented, cementless and hybrid knee prostheses fixation techniques in participants with primary osteoarthritis (osteoarthritis following trauma was not included) and other non-traumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. SEARCH METHODS We searched CENTRAL (2011, issue 10), MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, Current Controlled Trials, LILACS, The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, SPORTDiscus, Health Technology Assessment Database and the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness, all from implementation to October 2011, along with handsearches of high-yield journals and reference lists of articles. No language restrictions were applied. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating cemented, cementless and hybrid fixation. Participants included patients that were 18 years or older with osteoarthritis and other non-traumatic diseases who were undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Three authors independently selected the eligible trials, assessed the trial quality, risk of bias and extracted data. Researchers were contacted to obtain missing information. MAIN RESULTS Five RCTs and 297 participants were included in this review. Using meta-analysis on roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis (RSA) we observed that cemented fixation of the tibial components demonstrated smaller displacement in relation to cementless fixation (with and without hydroxyapatite) after a follow-up of two years (maximum total point-motion, N = 167, two RCTs, mean difference (MD) = 0.52 mm, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.31 to 0.74). However, the risk of future aseptic loosening with uncemented fixation was approximately half that of cemented fixation according to the arthroplasty instability classification (moderate quality as assessed by GRADE) inferred from RSA (N = 216, three RCTs, risk ratio (RR) = 0.47, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.92) with a 16% absolute risk difference between groups. The number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB) to prevent future aseptic loosening was 7 (95% CI 5 to 44). There was a low risk of bias for RSA among the studies included. It was not possible to perform meta-analysis on patient-important outcomes, such as the survival rate of the implant (any change of a component), patient global assessments, functional measures, pain, health-related quality of life measures and adverse events. Almost all included studies recorded functional measures of Knee Society and Hospital for Special Surgery knee scores, but the authors of each study found no significant difference between the groups. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There was a smaller displacement of the cemented tibial component in relation to the cementless fixation in studies with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis participants who underwent primary total knee prosthesis with a follow-up of two years; however, the cemented fixation presented a greater risk of future aseptic loosening than cementless fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Yoshinobu Nakama
- Orthopaedic and Trauma Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Astarté, 297, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, 03446-090
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Pijls BG, Valstar ER, Kaptein BL, Nelissen RGHH. Differences in long-term fixation between mobile-bearing and fixed-bearing knee prostheses at ten to 12 years’ follow-up. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 94:1366-71. [DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.94b10.28858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This single-blinded randomised controlled trial investigated whether one design of mobile-bearing (MB) total knee replacement (TKR) has any advantage over a fixed-bearing (FB) design on long-term fixation as measured by radiostereometry. The amount of wear underneath the mobile bearing was also evaluated. A series of 42 knees was randomised to MB or FB tibial components with appropriate polyethylene inserts and followed for between ten and 12 years, or until the death of the patient. The polyethylene in the MB group was superior in that it was gamma-irradiated in inert gas and was calcium-stearate free; the polyethylene in the FB group was gamma-irradiated in air and contained calcium stearate. In theory this should be advantageous to the wear rate of the MB group. At final follow-up the overall mean migration was 0.75 mm (sd 0.76) in the MB group and 0.66 mm (sd 0.4) in the FB group, with the FB group demonstrating more posterior tilt and the MB group more internal rotation. In the FB group there was one revision for aseptic loosening, but none in the MB group. There were no significant differences in clinical or radiological scores. For the MB group, the mean linear wear rate on the under-surface was 0.026 mm/year (sd 0.014). This was significantly smaller than the wear rate of 0.11 mm/year (sd 0.06) in the MB between femur and polyethylene (p < 0.001). Nevertheless, even in a best-case setting the mobile bearings of this TKR design had no apparent advantage in terms of fixation over the FB knee prosthesis at ten to 12 years. The wear underneath the mobile bearing was small and is unlikely to be clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. G. Pijls
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department
of Orthopaedics, P.O. Box 9600, Postzone
J-11-S 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E. R. Valstar
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department
of Orthopaedics, P.O. Box 9600, Postzone
J-11-S 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - B. L. Kaptein
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department
of Orthopaedics, P.O. Box 9600, Postzone
J-11-S 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R. G. H. H. Nelissen
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department
of Orthopaedics, P.O. Box 9600, Postzone
J-11-S 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Pijls BG, Valstar ER, Kaptein BL, Fiocco M, Nelissen RGHH. The beneficial effect of hydroxyapatite lasts: a randomized radiostereometric trial comparing hydroxyapatite-coated, uncoated, and cemented tibial components for up to 16 years. Acta Orthop 2012; 83:135-41. [PMID: 22329667 PMCID: PMC3339526 DOI: 10.3109/17453674.2012.665330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In contrast to early migration, the long-term migration of hydroxyapatite- (HA-) coated tibial components in TKA has been scantily reported. This randomized controlled trial investigated the long-term migration measured by radiostereometric analysis (RSA) of HA-coated, uncoated, and cemented tibial components in TKA. PATIENTS AND METHODS 68 knees were randomized to HA-coated (n = 24), uncoated (n = 20), and cemented (n = 24) components. All knees were prospectively followed for 11-16 years, or until death or revision. RSA was used to evaluate migration at yearly intervals. Clinical and radiographic evaluation was according to the Knee Society system. A generalized linear mixed model (GLMM, adjusted for age, sex, diagnosis, revisions, and BMI) was used to take into account the repeated-measurement design. RESULTS The present study involved 742 RSA analyses. The mean migration at 10 years was 1.66 mm for HA, 2.25 mm for uncoated and 0.79 mm for the cemented group (p < 0.001). The reduction of migration by HA as compared to uncoated components was most pronounced for subsidence and external rotation. 3 tibial components were revised for aseptic loosening (2 uncoated and 1 cemented), 3 for septic loosening (2 uncoated and 1 cemented), and 1 for instability (HA-coated). 2 of these cases were revised for secondary loosening after a period of stability: 1 case of osteolysis and 1 case of late infection. There were no statistically significant differences between the fixation groups regarding clinical or radiographic scores. INTERPRETATION HA reduces migration of uncemented tibial components. This beneficial effect lasts for more than 10 years. Cemented components showed the lowest migration. Longitudinal follow-up of TKA with RSA allows early detection of secondary loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart G Pijls
- Bio Imaging Group (BIG), Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden
| | | | - Bart L Kaptein
- Bio Imaging Group (BIG), Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden
| | - Marta Fiocco
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Park JW, Kim YH. Simultaneous cemented and cementless total knee replacement in the same patients: a prospective comparison of long-term outcomes using an identical design of NexGen prosthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 93:1479-86. [PMID: 22058298 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.93b11.27507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this prospective, randomised study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological results comparing the identical cemented or cementless NexGen total knee prostheses implanted bilaterally in the same patient. Sequential simultaneous bilateral total knee replacements were performed in 50 patients (100 knees). There were 39 women and 11 men with a mean age of 58.4 years (51 to 67) who received a cemented prosthesis in one knee and a cementless prosthesis in the other. The mean follow-up was 13.6 years (13 to 14). At final review, the mean Knee Society scores (96.2 (82 to 100) versus 97.7 (90 to 100)), the mean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (34.5 (4 to 59) versus 35.6 (5 to 51)), the mean ranges of knee movement (124° (100° to 140°) versus 128° (110° to 140°)), mean patient satisfaction (8.1 (SD 1.9) versus 8.3 (SD 1.7)), and radiological results were similar in both groups. The rate of survival of the femoral components was 100% in both groups at 14 years. The rate of survival of the cemented tibial component was 100% and 98% in the cementless tibial component. No osteolysis was identified in either group. Our data have shown no advantage of cementless over cemented components in total knee replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-W Park
- The Joint Replacement Centre of Korea, Ewha Womans University MokDong Hospital, 911-1, Mokdong, YangChun-Gu, Seoul, 158710, Korea
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15
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Astephen Wilson JL, Wilson DAJ, Dunbar MJ, Deluzio KJ. Preoperative gait patterns and BMI are associated with tibial component migration. Acta Orthop 2010; 81:478-86. [PMID: 20809746 PMCID: PMC2917572 DOI: 10.3109/17453674.2010.501741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There is no standard for patient triage in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) based on joint functional characteristics. This is largely due to the lack of objective postoperative measurement of success in TKA in terms of function and longevity, and the lack of knowledge of preoperative metrics that influence outcome. We examined the association between the preoperative mechanical environment of the patients knee joint during gait and the post-TKA stability of the tibial component as measured with radiostereometric analysis (RSA). METHODS 37 subjects were recruited out of a larger randomized RSA trial. 3-dimensional gait analysis was performed in the preoperative week. Longitudinal RSA data were gathered postoperatively at 6 months and 1 year. RESULTS We found a statistically significant association between the pattern of the knee adduction moment during gait preoperatively and the total migration of the implant at 6 months postoperatively. A substantial proportion of the variability in the total postoperative tibial component migration (R(2) = 0.45) was explained by a combination of implant type, preoperative knee joint loading patterns during gait, and body mass index at 6 months postoperatively. The relationships did not remain statistically significant at 1 year postoperatively. INTERPRETATION Our findings support the hypothesis that preoperative functional characteristics of patients, and particularly joint loading patterns during activities of daily living, are important for outcome in TKA. This represents a first step in the development of predictive models of objective TKA outcome based on preoperative patient characteristics, which may lead to better treatment strategies. ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00405379).
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16
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Gandhi R, Tsvetkov D, Davey JR, Mahomed NN. Survival and clinical function of cemented and uncemented prostheses in total knee replacement. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 91:889-95. [PMID: 19567852 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.91b7.21702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Using meta-analysis we compared the survival and clinical outcomes of cemented and uncemented techniques in primary total knee replacement. We reviewed randomised controlled trials and observational studies comparing cemented and uncemented fixation. Our primary outcome was survival of the implant free of aseptic loosening. Our secondary outcome was joint function as measured by the Knee Society score. We identified 15 studies that met our final eligibility criteria. The combined odds ratio for failure of the implant due to aseptic loosening for the uncemented group was 4.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.7 to 6.5) (p < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis of data only from randomised controlled trials showed no differences between the groups for odds of aseptic loosening (odds ratio 1.9, 95% CI 0.55 to 6.40, p = 0.314). The weighted mean difference for the Knee Society score was 0.005 (95% CI −0.26 to 0.26) (p = 0.972). There was improved survival of the cemented compared to uncemented implants, with no statistically significant difference in the mean Knee Society score between groups for all pooled data.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Gandhi
- Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St, East Wing 1-435, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5R 2S8
| | - D. Tsvetkov
- Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St, East Wing 1-435, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5R 2S8
| | - J. R. Davey
- Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St, East Wing 1-435, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5R 2S8
| | - N. N. Mahomed
- Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St, East Wing 1-435, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5R 2S8
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17
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Comparison of cementing techniques of the tibial component in total knee replacement. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2008; 33:1239-42. [PMID: 18704414 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-008-0632-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2008] [Revised: 06/16/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A few studies have shown that cementing the stem enhances fixation of the tibial baseplate in total knee replacement (TKR). Even the horizontal technique has been shown to provide good fixation. We used radiostereometry to study migration of the tibial component in 30 knees operated with Profix TKR. The knees were randomised for either complete (both under the baseplate and around the stem) or horizontal (only under the baseplate) cementing of the tibial component. At two years the tibial baseplate rotated externally a median of 0.18 degrees in the uncemented stem group and internally a median of 0.23 degrees in the cemented stem group. The tibial baseplate subsided 0.14 mm in the cemented stem group, and no translation was seen in the uncemented stem group. The differences in migration were small and probably without clinical significance. The findings do not favour either of the cementing techniques in TKR.
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18
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Catani F, Leardini A, Ensini A, Cucca G, Bragonzoni L, Toksvig-Larsen S, Giannini S. The stability of the cemented tibial component of total knee arthroplasty: posterior cruciate-retaining versus posterior-stabilized design. J Arthroplasty 2004; 19:775-82. [PMID: 15343540 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2004.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Micromotion of the tibial component in 40 knee arthroplasties for gonarthrosis was studied using Roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis. The stability of this component was assessed for 2 years' postoperatively. In all arthroplasties, an attempt was made to reconstruct the preoperative posterior slope. Posterior cruciate-retaining (CR) and posterior-stabilized (PS) components showed at 2 years a maximum total point motion of 0.6 +/- 0.4 mm and 0.7 +/- 0.5 mm, respectively. Whereas 92.5% of the implants were determined to be stable, 1 of the CR group and 2 of the PS group displayed migration between the first and the second year of at least 0.2 mm. A negative correlation between subsidence of the tibial component at 2 years of follow-up and the difference between preoperative and postoperative tibial slope was found. Consequently, we suggest that restoring the original posterior slope of the tibial plateau must be a goal of tibial component implantation.
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19
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Perillo-Marcone A, Ryd L, Johnsson K, Taylor M. A combined RSA and FE study of the implanted proximal tibia: correlation of the post-operative mechanical environment with implant migration. J Biomech 2004; 37:1205-13. [PMID: 15212926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2003.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2003] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There is strong evidence to suggest that inducible displacements, migration and implant loosening are closely related to the initial mechanical environment of the implanted tibia. If this is true, then it should be possible to predict the likelihood of implant migration using patient-specific finite element models. Finite element models of the proximal implanted tibiae were analysed based on pre-operative quantitative computed tomography data of four patients entered into a radiographic migration study. These four patients were also part of an radiostereometric analysis (RSA) study. A variety of load cases were analysed and the risk of bone failure determined for a 2 mm layer of bone immediately beneath the tibial tray. The results were compared with the RSA data measured 1 year post-operatively for each patient. For each patient, an appropriate load case was selected based on patient weight and on the varus-valgus migrations observed in the migration study. The two patients with press-fit implants were predicted to have the highest risk of failure and were found to migrate the most. The two patients with bonded implants (one HA coated and one cemented) were found to have a low risk of failure and these implants migrated the least. This study suggests that the degree of implant migration is dependent on the initial mechanical environment and can be determined using patient-specific finite element analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Perillo-Marcone
- Department of Mechanics, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Caracas, Venezuela
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20
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Thompson NW, McAlinden MG, Breslin E, Crone MD, Kernohan WG, Beverland DE. Periprosthetic tibial fractures after cementless low contact stress total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2001; 16:984-90. [PMID: 11740752 DOI: 10.1054/arth.2001.25563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Periprosthetic fractures are a recognized complication of total knee arthroplasty. Fractures may occur intraoperatively or postoperatively, and risk factors have been identified that may predispose an individual to such a complication. We report 7 cases of periprosthetic tibial fractures after low contact stress total knee arthroplasty, a complication encountered by the senior author (D.E.B.) only after a change in practice from a cemented implant to a cementless one. In light of this previously unreported complication in our unit, we attempted to identify common features within this group of patients that may have contributed to fracture occurrence. Statistical analysis revealed a highly significant (P<.005) risk of periprosthetic tibial fracture in patients with a preoperative neutral or valgus knee. Age, gender, and diagnosis did not appear to increase the risk of fracture significantly. All patients displayed evidence of reduced bone mineral density in the lumbar spine and femoral neck regions on dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scanning. Patients with a preoperative neutral or valgus knee and local evidence of osteopenia represent a high-risk group, in whom particular care in alignment should be taken. In this group, it may be preferable to have the tibial component inserted with cement fixation.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/surgery
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/methods
- Female
- Fractures, Stress/etiology
- Humans
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/pathology
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery
- Risk Factors
- Tibial Fractures/etiology
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Affiliation(s)
- N W Thompson
- Orthopaedic Outcomes Unit, Musgrave Park Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
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21
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Chockalingam S, Scott G. The outcome of cemented vs. cementless fixation of a femoral component in total knee replacement (TKR) with the identification of radiological signs for the prediction of failure. Knee 2000; 7:233-238. [PMID: 11104915 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0160(00)00060-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A survival analysis and radiological review were performed on a series of femoral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) prostheses either cemented (150 cases) or cementless, press-fit (201 cases). The internal surface of the femoral components were shot-blast CoCr alloy. The incidence of loosening of the femoral component at 6 years was 9.8% with cementless fixation and 0.6% with cement (P<0.05) at 6 years. Amongst uncemented prostheses, there was no difference in the survival or radiological outcome with the use of a stem as against two condylar pegs. The clinical need for revision may be predicted radiologically 3 years after operation in symptomless patients by noting a change in component position combined with progressive radiolucent lines and osteolysis. Thus, radiological follow-up should be continued for a minimum of 3 years after knee replacement. The use of a stem enabled the detection of radiolucent lines which we believe were missed around prostheses with condylar pegs. Thus, the use of a stem improves the prediction of failure (but does not improve fixation).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chockalingam
- Orthopaedic Section, Bone and Joint Research Unit, 3rd Floor Pathology Building, Royal London Hospital, E1 1BB, London, UK
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22
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Adalberth G, Nilsson KG, Byström S, Kolstad K, Milbrink J. Low-conforming all-polyethylene tibial component not inferior to metal-backed component in cemented total knee arthroplasty: prospective, randomized radiostereometric analysis study of the AGC total knee prosthesis. J Arthroplasty 2000; 15:783-92. [PMID: 11021456 DOI: 10.1054/arth.2000.8101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In a prospective, randomized study of 40 patients, the quality of fixation of cemented metal-backed versus all-polyethylene tibial components of the unconstrained anatomic graduated component total knee arthroplasty design was studied during 2 years using radiostereometric analysis (RSA). The shape, as well as the articulating geometry, of the implants was identical, as was the operative technique and the postoperative regimen. In this study, no negative consequences regarding the quality of fixation using an all-polyethylene tibial component with unconstrained articulating surfaces could be identified. In all aspects, the all-polyethylene tibial components displayed migration on par with, or sometimes lower than, their metal-backed counterparts. The rotations of the all-polyethylene components were equally low as for the metal-backed components, and maximum lift-off was significantly lower than for the metal-backed implants. We could not identify any collapse of the bone at the medial condyle or increased subsidence at the medial part of the tibia or increased rates of radiolucent lines in the knees with all-polyethylene components. All all-polyethylene implants seemed to be stable within the resolution of RSA between 1 and 2 years, a finding known to be of positive prognostic significance regarding future aseptic loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Adalberth
- Department of Orthopaedics, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden
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23
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Kulkarni SK, Freeman MA, Poal-Manresa JC, Asencio JI, Rodriguez JJ. The patellofemoral joint in total knee arthroplasty: is the design of the trochlea the critical factor? J Arthroplasty 2000; 15:424-9. [PMID: 10884200 DOI: 10.1054/arth.2000.4342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The outcome at 10 years is reported of a prospective study of 2 cohorts of total knee arthroplasties treated with (center A) or without (center B) patellar replacement. The same tibiofemoral components were used in all knees. The cohorts were demographically similar. A total of 124 patellae were treated by replacement, and 143 were treated without replacement. The clinical outcome and the patellofemoral revision rates were the same in the 2 cohorts: 1 patient required analgesia for anterior knee pain after replacement, and 1 without replacement required patellar replacement for pain. In the replaced group, patellofemoral survival on a best-case scenario was 100% at 10 years; on a worst-case scenario, 96%. One of the unreplaced patellae had been resurfaced for pain by 10 years. In view of the satisfactory and similar outcomes with and without replacement, we suggest that an appropriate design for the prosthetic trochlea, rather than the replacement or otherwise of the patella, is the main determinant of patellofemoral outcome in total knee arthroplasty. Patella replacement may be optional. Desirable trochlea design features are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Kulkarni
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, The Royal London Hospital, United Kingdom
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24
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Freeman MA. Is collagen fatigue failure a cause of osteoarthrosis and prosthetic component migration? A hypothesis. J Orthop Res 1999; 17:3-8. [PMID: 10073641 DOI: 10.1002/jor.1100170103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M A Freeman
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, Royal London Hospital, England.
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25
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Nilsson KG, Kärrholm J, Carlsson L, Dalén T. Hydroxyapatite coating versus cemented fixation of the tibial component in total knee arthroplasty: prospective randomized comparison of hydroxyapatite-coated and cemented tibial components with 5-year follow-up using radiostereometry. J Arthroplasty 1999; 14:9-20. [PMID: 9926947 DOI: 10.1016/s0883-5403(99)90196-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fifty-three consecutive patients (57 knees; mean age, 69 years) entered a prospective randomized study to compare the fixation of hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated (29 knees) with cemented (28 knees) tibial components in the Tricon II total knee arthroplasty. The quality of the fixation during 5 years postoperatively was evaluated with radiostereometric analysis (RSA). Three HA-coated implants were revised: 2 owing to infection, and 1 owing to early delamination of the coating and clinical loosening. Eight patients (9 knees) died, 1 patient sustained a stroke, and 1 patient refused investigations after 1 year. In the 40 patients (19 HA-coated, 21 cemented) remaining at 5 years, the magnitude of the micromotion between the HA-coated and cemented groups did not differ. The HA-coated implants displayed most of the migration within the initial 3 months then stabilized, whereas the cemented implants showed an initially lower, but over time continuously increasing migration. Between 1 and 2 years, 4 of 24 HA-coated and 10 of 23 cemented implants migrated >0.2 mm and were categorized unstable, which has been shown to have a prognostic value as regards future aseptic loosening. Progressive radiolucent lines developed in 2 cemented knees, which both were categorized unstable. If HA-coated implants can sustain the forces that threaten the fixation in the early period after implantation, a strong and enduring fixation may be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Nilsson
- Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital of Northern Sweden, Umeå
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26
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27
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Moore DJ, Freeman MA, Revell PA, Bradley GW, Tuke M. Can a total knee replacement prosthesis be made entirely of polymers? J Arthroplasty 1998; 13:388-95. [PMID: 9645518 DOI: 10.1016/s0883-5403(98)90003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We have prospectively studied 63 total knee replacements (TKR) in which the femoral component was polyacetal, and 138 TKRs in which the femoral component was conventional cobalt chrome. The tibial and patellar components were of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). Patients were followed-up for at least 10 years. In the polyacetal group, a number of patients have died or have been revised, for reasons unrelated to the presence of polyacetal. There were no instances of femoral component fracture, nor failure by wear. One postmortem specimen, retrieved at 9 years after surgery, showed no measurable polyacetal wear and negligible HDP wear. The histology of tissue in contact with polyacetal was indistinguishable from that adjacent to polymethyl methacrylate and UHMWPE in the same knee. We believe that polyacetal could be used for the femoral component of a TKR and that a further trial should be undertaken.
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28
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Taylor M, Tanner KE, Freeman MA. Finite element analysis of the implanted proximal tibia: a relationship between the initial cancellous bone stresses and implant migration. J Biomech 1998; 31:303-10. [PMID: 9672083 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(98)00022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The cancellous bone stresses within the implanted proximal tibia were examined using a three-dimensional anatomical finite element model. Three versions of a proximal tibial prosthesis were examined: an all polyethylene press-fit design; a metal backed, stemmed press-fit design and a (horizontally) cemented metal backed, stemmed design. All three designs had published migration and survivorship data. The objectives of the study were (i) to compare the stresses generated by each of the tibial components, (ii) examine the influence of the resected surface morphology and (iii) compare the initial cancellous bone stresses with the published migration and survivorship data. The all polyethylene prosthesis generated the highest cancellous bone stresses. Addition of a metal backing and a stem reduced the stresses, but the cemented device produced the lowest cancellous bone stresses. The surface morphology had a significant effect on the cancellous bone stresses generated by press-fit prostheses. As the bone-prosthesis contact area decreased, the peak cancellous bone stresses increased by as much as 243%. The surface morphology had no effect on the cancellous bone stresses generated by the cemented implant. Good correlation was found between the predicted cancellous bone stresses and the migration and survivorship data, with the implant generating the highest cancellous bone stresses migrating the most and having the poorest survival rates at 5 year. The results support the hypothesis that the progressive failure of cancellous bone is a mechanism of implant migration regardless of the method of fixation and the implantation site.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Taylor
- IRC in Biomedical Materials, Queen Mary and Westfield College, London, UK.
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29
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Regnér L, Carlsson L, Kärrholm J, Herberts P. Clinical and radiologic survivorship of cementless tibial components fixed with finned polyethylene pegs. J Arthroplasty 1997; 12:751-8. [PMID: 9411025 DOI: 10.1016/s0883-5403(97)90004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
One hundred twenty patients (22 men, 98 women; 144 knees) with uncemented Freeman-Samuelson total knee arthroplasty were followed prospectively. Eighty-one patients had rheumatoid arthritis and 39 patients had osteoarthrosis. The mean follow-up period was 6.8 years. Three different types of tibial components were used: a high-density polyethylene component without stem, a metal-backed tibial component without stem, and a metal-backed tibial component with stem. Progressive varus tilting turned out to be an early sign of failure and occurred in 22% of the tibial components. Revision of the tibial component was done in 17 knees. Survival analysis with revision as endpoint revealed a survival rate of 79% at a follow-up period of 10 years. Cementless fixation of this design using macrointerlocking pegs and no other stabilization resulted in poor fixation and a high revision rate and cannot be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Regnér
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Surgical Sciences, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg University, Sweden
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Whiteside
- Biomechanical Research Laboratory, St. Louis, MO 63141, USA
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31
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Cherubino P, Castelli C, Grassi FA. Tibial component in total knee arthroplasty: To cement or not to cement? EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY & TRAUMATOLOGY : ORTHOPEDIE TRAUMATOLOGIE 1996; 6:51-56. [PMID: 24193567 DOI: 10.1007/bf02718700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/1995] [Accepted: 12/23/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Loosening of the tibial component is a major cause of failure in total knee arthroplasty. Implant stability is a key element for achieving long term successful results and relies on the interplay of several factors which include the method of fixation, prosthesis design, surgical technique, bone quality and patient characteristics.The analysis of these aspects may provide some guidelines for the choice of fixation, but an ultimate solution of the problem can not be found in the past experience with total knee replacement. A better understanding of the biological and mechanical changes induced in bone tissue by the joint disease as well as by the prosthesis, will probably allow us to adopt the most appropriate solution for every patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cherubino
- Istituto di Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica "Mario Boni", 2a Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Ospedale Del Ponte, Via F. Del Ponte, 19, I-21100, Varese, Italy
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32
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Kiss J, Murray DW, Turner-Smith AR, Bulstrode CJ. Roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis for assessing migration of total hip replacement femoral components. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 1995; 209:169-75. [PMID: 8519406 DOI: 10.1243/pime_proc_1995_209_340_02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A new Roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis system, using a biplane technique, has been developed to determine the migration and rotation of total hip replacement (THR) femoral components in three dimensions. Stainless steel marker balls were injected into the femur during the operation. The patients stood within a calibration frame during the X-ray. The two exposures were taken consecutively allowing radio-opaque shutters to be moved in front of the films to prevent fogging. Studies with a model demonstrated that the system was capable of measuring the position of an implant to better than 0.11 mm (2 SD). In vivo measurements demonstrated that the migration rate of the different parts of the femoral component could be determined with an accuracy of 0.25 to 0.50 mm/year. By considering the accuracy determined in different ways, methods for improving the system have been identified. The migration and rotation rate of 58 Hinek cemented femoral components was studied for four years. Migration was three to five times greater (p < 0.001) during the first year than subsequently. The prosthesis head moved the most during the first year (0.94 mm). A better understanding of the cause of implant failure could be obtained by studying the early migration of different types of prosthesis and comparing this with their clinical results and design features.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kiss
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Headington, Oxford
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33
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Nilsson KG, Kärrholm J, Linder L. Femoral component migration in total knee arthroplasty: randomized study comparing cemented and uncemented fixation of the Miller-Galante I design. J Orthop Res 1995; 13:347-56. [PMID: 7602396 DOI: 10.1002/jor.1100130308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The Miller-Galante I knee replacement was inserted in 25 women and three men (33 knees) with osteoarthrosis. All patients received a TiAlV femoral component with a commercially pure titanium fiber-mesh undersurface. Cemented or cementless fixation was used based on a randomization protocol. Micromotions of the femoral components were recorded with roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis during the first 2 postoperative years. The magnitude of migration did not differ between cemented and uncemented fixation. The number of nonmigrating prostheses decreased from 21 (12 cemented and nine uncemented) at 3 months to six (three cemented and three uncemented) at 24 months. In both groups, the magnitude of prosthetic tilting about the longitudinal axis (internal-external rotation) was as large as that about the transverse axis (flexion-extension). Rotation into extension was as common as rotation into flexion. The largest translations were recorded at either of the posterior condyles. In 10 uncemented components, radiolucent lines were seen at the distal interface postoperatively. Proximal migration of the femoral component was recorded in these knees, and the width of the lines decreased or the lines disappeared totally at 24 months. After 2 years, lines were noted around four cemented and four uncemented replacements, mainly anteriorly or distally. All of these prostheses migrated. One prosthesis, revised because of malalignment, displayed pronounced migration after an initial period of stability. Bone ingrowth was observed anteriorly and anterodistally despite the presence of motions of 1 mm or more.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Nilsson
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
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