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Tajbakhsh A, Fazeli M, Rezaee M, Ghasemi F, Heravi MM, Gholoobi A, Meshkat Z. Prevalence of CCR5delta32 in Northeastern Iran. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:184. [PMID: 31730458 PMCID: PMC6858674 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0913-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background A 32-base pair deletion (∆32) in the open reading frame (ORF) of C-C motif chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) seems to be a protective variant against immune system diseases, especially human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). We aimed to assess the frequency of CCR5∆32 in the healthy Iranian population. Methods In this study, 400 normal samples from Khorasan, northeastern Iran, were randomly selected. The frequency of CCR5∆32 carriers was investigated using PCR analysis. Allele prevalence and the fit to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were analyzed. Results The prevalence of CCR5∆32 in the northeastern population of Iran was 0.016. Four hundred samples were studied, among which one with CCR5∆32/∆32 and 11 with CCR5Wild/∆32 genotype were detected. Conclusion This study was the first investigation for an assessment of the prevalence of CCR5∆32 in northeastern Iran. The low prevalence of CCR5∆32 allele in the Iranian population may result in the increased susceptibility to HIV-1. In addition, this prevalence is the same as that of reported in East Asia, while is lower than that in the Europeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Tajbakhsh
- Department of Modern Sciences & Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Fazeli
- Department of Modern Sciences & Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rezaee
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghasemi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mastoureh Momen Heravi
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O Box: 9196773117, Mashhad, IR, Iran
| | - Aida Gholoobi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Meshkat
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O Box: 9196773117, Mashhad, IR, Iran.
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Polymorphisms in CCR5Δ32 and Risk of HIV-1 Infection in the Southeast of Caspian Sea, Iran. DISEASE MARKERS 2017; 2017:4190107. [PMID: 29209099 PMCID: PMC5676439 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4190107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Prevalence of CCR5Δ32 among blood samples of more than 400 healthy and HIV-1-infected people was investigated in Iran. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) following DNA extraction was used. Desired frequency was analyzed by Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) analysis and SPSS 16.0 software to harvest the results. The prevalence of CCRΔ32 heterozygote genotype was 3% in healthy people and 0.7% in HIV-1–infected individuals. There was no homozygote CCR5Δ32 in both groups, and the allele Δ32 was only observed in 1.5% and 0.36% of healthy and HIV-1–infected participants, respectively. Therefore according to this study, the frequency of the allele CCR5Δ32 indicates no significant difference between either groups (p = 0.18) and it sounds that the mentioned mutation in heterozygote people would not affect their susceptibility against HIV infection. Genotyping trial in Iranians with HIV infection is supposed to be helpful as a matter of prognostic purposes.
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Safari H, Anani Sarab G, Fereidouni M, Ziaee M, Mahavar N, Naghizadeh MS, Taene A, Mahdavi R, Naseri M. The CCR5-∆32 Mutation: Impact on Disease Outcome in Individuals with Hepatitis B Infection in the Southern Khorasan Population (East of Iran). HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.55014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
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Zare L, Sheikh Fathollahi M, Kazemi Arababadi M, Shamsizadeh A, Daneshpajouh B, Zainodini N, Allahtavakoli M. The Association Between C424c/A Polymorphism Within the IL-25 Gene and Multiple Sclerosis. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 18:e25995. [PMID: 28144453 PMCID: PMC5253431 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.25995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a common autoimmune system disease which affects the central nervous system. It has been documented that interleukin-25 (IL-25) plays key roles in suppressing Th1 responses, which is increased during MS. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the c424C/A polymorphism within the IL-25 gene in MS patients in comparison to healthy controls. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this case-control study, 74 patients with MS and 75 healthy controls were selected. Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used in order to determine c424C/A polymorphism within the IL-25 gene. RESULTS The results showed that there was no statistical significant difference in distribution of genotype (AA, AC and CC) and allele (A and C) frequencies between MS patients and healthy controls (P = 0.901 and P = 0.728, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, it appears that the c424C/A polymorphism within the IL-25 gene has no significant relationship with MS, and this polymorphism is probably not associated with MS complications, its onset and gender distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lida Zare
- Physiology Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IR Iran
| | - Mahmood Sheikh Fathollahi
- Department of Social Medicine, Medical School Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IR Iran
| | | | | | - Nahid Zainodini
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Allahtavakoli
- Physiology Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Mohammad Allahtavakoli, Physiology Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IR Iran. Tel: +98-3915229171, Fax: +98-3431315003, E-mail:
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Khorramdelazad H, Mortazavi Y, Momeni M, Arababadi MK, Khandany BK, Moogooei M, Hassanshahi G. Lack of Correlation Between the CCR5-Δ32 Mutation and Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Iranian Patients. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2014; 31:29-31. [PMID: 25548441 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-014-0408-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and their receptors are crucially important in the pathogenesis of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). The CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is a specific chemokine receptor for CC chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3), CCL4 and CCL5 which all play key roles in identifying cancer properties and localization of leukemia cells. It has been demonstrated that the known mutation in CCR5 gene (CCR5-Δ32) leads to mal-expression of the receptor and affect its function. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of CCR5-Δ32 mutation within Iranian AML patients. In this study, blood samples were obtained from 60 AML patients and 300 healthy controls. The CCR5-Δ32 mutation was evaluated using Gap-PCR technique. Our results showed that CCR5-Δ32 mutation was not found in the patients, while three out of the controls had hetrozygotic form of this mutation. The rest of studied samples had the wild form of the gene. According to these findings, it can probably be concluded that the CCR5-Δ32 is not associated with susceptibility to AML in Iranian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Yousef Mortazavi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, 4513956111 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Momeni
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran ; Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | | | - Mozhgan Moogooei
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Mosavi R, Arababadi MK, Hassanshahi G, Azin H, Araste M, Salehabad VA, Vazirinejad R, Pourali R, Hakimi H, Kennedy D. Association of a Polymorphism Within Intron 8 But Not Exon 9 of the Vitamin D Receptor in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis of Southeastern Iranian Ethnicity. Lab Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1309/lm8gljhwing18clb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Ahmadabadi BN, Hassanshahi G, Khoramdelazad H, Mirzaei V, Sajadi SMA, Hajghani M, Khodadadi H, Pourali R, Arababadi MK, Kennedy D. Downregulation of CCR5 expression on the peripheral blood CD8+ T cells of southeastern Iranian patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. Inflammation 2013; 36:136-40. [PMID: 22918850 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-012-9528-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Studies indicated that CC receptor 5 (CCR5), as a receptor for CC ligand 3, CCL4, and CCL5, plays important roles in the recruitment of T cytotoxic lymphocytes to the liver of chronic HBV (CHB)-infected patients. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the expression levels of CCR5 on the CD8(+) T lymphocytes of CHB patients. This clinical study was performed on 63 CHB patients and 96 healthy controls. Flow cytometric analysis was performed to examine the expression of CCR5 on CD8(+) T cells of CHB patients. Real-time PCR was also used for HBV-DNA quantification. The results of our study demonstrated that CCR5 expressing T cytotoxic cells were decreased significantly in CHB patients in comparison to healthy control. Based on our results, it can be concluded that the percent of CCR5(+)/CD8(+) T cells in Iranian CHB patients is significantly decreased, hence their migration to the infected liver, and HBV eradication from the hepatocytes is disrupted.
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Karimabad MN, Arababadi MK, Hakimizadeh E, Daredori HY, Nazari M, Hassanshahi G, Kennedy D. Is the IL-10 promoter polymorphism at position -592 associated with immune system-related diseases? Inflammation 2013; 36:35-41. [PMID: 22886309 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-012-9517-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Immune responses are the main causes of immune system-related diseases such as hypersensitivities and autoimmunity. It has also been established that cytokines play key roles in the regulation of immune responses which have been shown to be important in the pathogenesis of the diseases. IL-10, the main anti-inflammatory cytokine, is produced by several immune cells such as T regulatory and Th2 lymphocytes, activated macrophages, B regulatory lymphocytes as well as other cell types. It plays a key role in the regulation of immune responses after microbe elimination (homeostasis) and against self-antigens to prevent hypersensitivity and autoimmune diseases, respectively. Studies showed that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at the -592 position of IL-10 is associated with its regulation of expression. This review addresses the recent information regarding the association of the polymorphism at position -592 of IL-10 with immune-related diseases including type 2 diabetes with and without nephropathy, multiple sclerosis, and asthma with an emphasize on Iranian patients.
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Khorramdelazad H, Hakimizadeh E, Hassanshahi G, Rezayati M, Sendi H, Arababadi MK. CCR5 Δ 32 mutation is not prevalent in Iranians with chronic HBV infection. J Med Virol 2013; 85:964-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Corthals AP. Multiple sclerosis is not a disease of the immune system. QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY 2012; 86:287-321. [PMID: 22384749 DOI: 10.1086/662453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a complex neurodegenerative disease, thought to arise through autoimmunity against antigens of the central nervous system. The autoimmunity hypothesis fails to explain why genetic and environmental risk factors linked to the disease in one population tend to be unimportant in other populations. Despite great advances in documenting the cell and molecular mechanisms underlying MS pathophysiology, the autoimmunity framework has also been unable to develop a comprehensive explanation of the etiology of the disease. I propose a new framework for understanding MS as a dysfunction of the metabolism of lipids. Specifically, the homeostasis of lipid metabolism collapses during acute-phase inflammatory response triggered by a pathogen, trauma, or stress, starting a feedback loop of increased oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and proliferation of cytoxic foam cells that cross the blood brain barrier and both catabolize myelin and prevent remyelination. Understanding MS as a chronic metabolic disorder illuminates four aspects of disease onset and progression: 1) its pathophysiology; 2) genetic susceptibility; 3) environmental and pathogen triggers; and 4) the skewed sex ratio of patients. It also suggests new avenues for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelique P Corthals
- Department of Sciences, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York New York, New York 10019, USA.
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Arababadi MK, Mosavi R, Ravari A, Teimori H, Hassanshahi G. Association of interleukin-4 polymorphisms with multiple sclerosis in southeastern Iranian patients. Ann Saudi Med 2012; 32:127-30. [PMID: 22366824 PMCID: PMC6086643 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2012.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Immune system-related factors are important in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Interleukin 4 (IL-4) as a helper T cell (2TH) cytokine is involved in the regulation of immune responses. Hence, this study was designed to explore the association between MS and polymorphisms in the -590 region of IL-4. DESIGN AND SETTING A descriptive study at Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsnajan from September 2009 to August 2010. PATIENTS AND METHODS Blood samples were collected from 100 MS patients and 150 healthy controls on EDTA precoated tubes. DNA was extracted and analyzed for IL-4 polymorphisms using restricted fragment length polymorphism in patients and controls. Demographic data were also collected by a questionnaire that was designed specifically for this study. RESULTS We observed a significant difference in the C/C, T/C, and T/T genotypes of the -590 region of IL-4 between patients with MS and healthy controls (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that functional polymorphisms of IL-4 possibly play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi
- Department of Microbiology, Hematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Azin H, Vazirinejad R, Ahmadabadi BN, Khorramdelazad H, Zarandi ER, Arababadi MK, Karimabad MN, Shamsizadeh A, Rafatpanah H, Hassanshahi G. The SDF-1 3'a genetic variation of the chemokine SDF-1α (CXCL12) in parallel with its increased circulating levels is associated with susceptibility to MS: a study on Iranian multiple sclerosis patients. J Mol Neurosci 2011; 47:431-6. [PMID: 22125123 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-011-9672-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Immune system-related factors are important in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. The CXC chemokine SDF-1α (CXCL12) is involved in the immune responses. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum levels of SDF-1α (CXCL12) and its gene polymorphisms at position +801 with multiple sclerosis. In this experimental study, blood samples were collected from 100 multiple sclerosis patients and 100 healthy controls on EDTA pre-coated tubes. DNA was extracted and DNA samples were analyzed for SDF-1α (CXCL12) polymorphisms using PCR-RLFP in patients and controls. The serum levels of SDF-1α (CXCL12) were measured by ELISA. Demographic data were also collected by a questionnaire which was designed specifically for this study. Our results showed a significant difference between the A/A, A/G, and G/G genotype and A and G alleles of polymorphisms at position +801 of SDF-1α (CXCL12). Our results also showed that serum levels of SDF-1α (CXCL12) were markedly higher in patients than healthy controls, but no association was observed between SDF-1α (CXCL12) polymorphism and its serum levels. The results of this study might suggest the serum levels of SDF-1α (CXCL12) and its polymorphism play an important role in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. It is also worth noting that these factors could probably use as pivotal biological markers in the diagnosis of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Azin
- Department of Neurology, Ali-ebn-Abitaleb Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Arababadi MK, Pourfathollah AA, Jafarzadeh A, Hassanshahi G, Mohit M, Hajghani M, Ahmadabadi BN, Kennedy D. Evaluation of CCR5 Expression on NK Cells in Iranian Patients With Occult Hepatitis B Infection. Lab Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1309/lmauisl84q4srsbt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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