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Karimdadi Sariani O, Eghbalpour S, Kazemi E, Rafiei Buzhani K, Zaker F. Pathogenic and therapeutic roles of cytokines in acute myeloid leukemia. Cytokine 2021; 142:155508. [PMID: 33810945 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease with high mortality that accounts for the most common acute leukemia in adults. Despite all progress in the therapeutic strategies and increased rate of complete remission, many patients will eventually relapse and die from the disease. Cytokines as molecular messengers play a pivotal role in the immune system. The imbalance release of cytokine has been shown to exert a significant influence on the progression of hematopoietic malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia. This article aimed to summarize current knowledge about cytokines and their critical roles in the pathogenesis, treatment, and survival of AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Karimdadi Sariani
- Department of Genetics, College of Science, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun Branch, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Sara Eghbalpour
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Kazemi
- Biosensor Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Farhad Zaker
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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A review on genetic polymorphism in MTHFR gene with Down syndrome and leukemia. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2020.100752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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3
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Baba SM, Shah ZA, Javaid K, Pandith AA, Rasool J, Geelani SA, Baba RA, Amin S, Mohammad G. Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene C677T and A1298C Polymorphic Sequence Variations Influences the Susceptibility to Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Kashmiri Population. Front Oncol 2019; 9:612. [PMID: 31396477 PMCID: PMC6667548 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene is a crucial regulator of folate metabolism and its two prominent polymorphic variants C677T and A1298C lead to decreased MTHFR enzyme activity. Aim of the Study: We planned this case-control study based on numerous studies supporting the association of MTHFR polymorphisms (C677T and A1298C) with CML risk in different ethnic populations. Therefore, the influence of these polymorphisms on CML susceptibility was investigated among Kashmiri population (North India). Materials and Methods: Polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique was employed for genotyping MTHFR C677T and A1298C SNP's in 125 CML patients as against 150 age and gender matched healthy controls. Results: A significant difference was observed in frequency of 677CT genotype between cases and controls [46.4 vs. 27.3% (p = 0.0005)]. Similarly combined 677CT+TT genotype showed significant difference between cases and controls [50.4 vs. 28.6% (p = 0.0002)]. Both MTHFR 677CT and 677CT+TT genotypes imposed greater than 2-fold risk of developing CML (OR = 2.4, 95%CI: 1.46-4.05; OR = 2.5, 95%CI: 1.53-4.16). In case of A1298C SNP, the frequency of 1298AC genotype was higher in controls (64.0%) as compared to CML cases (48.8%) (p = 0.04) and imparted a significant protective role from CML predisposition. Furthermore, haplotype analysis revealed only "677CT/1298AA" haplotype significantly increased the risk of CML predisposition [(p = 0.008) (OR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.3-7.4)]. Conclusion: We conclude that both MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms may be important genetic modifiers and seem to have a plausible role to confer risk of CML in Kashmiri population, where C677T SNP strongly increases the risk of CML while as A1298C SNP has a protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid M Baba
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Zafar A Shah
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Khushboo Javaid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Arshad A Pandith
- Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Javeed Rasool
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Sajad A Geelani
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Rafia A Baba
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Shajrul Amin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Gul Mohammad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
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C677T and A1298C polymorphisms of Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene: Effect and risk to develop chronic myeloid leukemia: A study on Syrian patients. GENE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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5
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Cantarella CD, Ragusa D, Giammanco M, Tosi S. Folate deficiency as predisposing factor for childhood leukaemia: a review of the literature. GENES & NUTRITION 2017; 12:14. [PMID: 28588742 PMCID: PMC5455200 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-017-0560-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folic acid and its derivates, known as folates, are chemoprotective micronutrients of great interest because of their essential role in the maintenance of health and genomic integrity. The supplementation of folic acid during pregnancy has long been known to reduce the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) in the foetus. Folate metabolism can be altered by many factors, including adequate intake through diet. Folate deficiency can compromise the synthesis, repair and methylation of DNA, with deleterious consequences on genomic stability and gene expression. These processes are known to be altered in chronic diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. MAIN BODY This review focuses on the association between folate intake and the risk of childhood leukaemia. Having compiled and analysed studies from the literature, we show the documented effects of folates on the genome and their role in cancer prevention and progression with particular emphasis on DNA methylation modifications. These changes are of crucial importance during pregnancy, as maternal diet has a profound impact on the metabolic and physiological functions of the foetus and the susceptibility to disease in later life. Folate deficiency is capable of modifying the methylation status of certain genes at birth in both animals and humans, with potential pathogenic and tumorigenic effects on the progeny. Pre-existing genetic polymorphisms can modify the metabolic network of folates and influence the risk of cancer, including childhood leukaemias. The protective effects of folic acid might be dose dependent, as excessive folic acid could have the adverse effect of nourishing certain types of tumours. CONCLUSION Overall, maternal folic acid supplementation before and during pregnancy seems to confer protection against the risk of childhood leukaemia in the offspring. The optimal folic acid requirements and supplementation doses need to be established, especially in conjunction with other vitamins in order to determine the most successful combinations of nutrients to maintain genomic health and wellbeing. Further research is therefore needed to uncover the role of maternal diet as a whole, as it represents a main factor capable of inducing permanent changes in the foetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catia Daniela Cantarella
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Denise Ragusa
- Division of Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Marco Giammanco
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sabrina Tosi
- Division of Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
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Karimian M, Colagar AH. Association of C677T transition of the human methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene with male infertility. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 28:785-94. [PMID: 25412139 DOI: 10.1071/rd14186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The human methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene encodes one of the key enzymes in folate metabolism. This gene is located on chromosome 1 (1p36.3), which has 12 exons. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible association of the two (C677T and A1298C) polymorphisms of this gene with male infertility. In a case-control study, 250 blood samples were collected from IVF centres in Sari and Babol (Iran): 118 samples were from oligospermic men and 132 were from controls. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms of the MTHFR genotype were detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. There was no association found between the A1298C variant and male infertility. However, carriers of the 677T allele (CT and TT genotypes) were at a higher risk of infertility than individuals with other genotypes (odds ratio 1.84; 95% confidence interval 1.11-3.04; P=0.0174). Structural analysis of human MTHFR flavoprotein showed that C677T transition played an important role in the change in affinity of the MTHFR-Flavin adenine dinucleotide binding site. Based on our results, we suggest that C677T transition in MTHFR may increase the risk of male infertility, and detection of the C677T polymorphism biomarker may be helpful in the screening of idiopathic male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Karimian
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar 47416-95447, Iran
| | - Abasalt Hosseinzadeh Colagar
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar 47416-95447, Iran
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Mosaad YM, Abousamra NK, Elashery R, Fawzy IM, Eldein OAS, Sherief DM, Azab HMME. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductaseC677TandA1298Cpolymorphism and susceptibility to acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a cohort of Egyptian children. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 56:2699-705. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1004170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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8
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Wang F, Sun G. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms contribute to acute myeloid leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia susceptibilities: appraisal of a recent meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol 2014; 38:773-4. [PMID: 25455654 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guoping Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Association des polymorphismes du gène méthylène-tétrahydrofolate réductase avec la leucémie myéloïde chronique. Bull Cancer 2014; 101:803-7. [DOI: 10.1684/bdc.2014.1953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Bănescu C, Trifa AP. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 C> T polymorphism is associated with acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 56:1172-4. [PMID: 25139692 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2014.955024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bănescu
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures , Romania
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11
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He H, He G, Wang T, Cai J, Wang Y, Zheng X, Dong Y, Lu J. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms contribute to acute myeloid leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia susceptibilities: evidence from meta-analyses. Cancer Epidemiol 2014; 38:471-8. [PMID: 25080853 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The expression of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Most studies have linked the common functional C677T and A1298C polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene and susceptibility to AML and CML, but the results were not consistent. The aim of the present study was to derive a more precise estimation of the relationship. METHODS Meta-analyses assessing the association of MTHFR C677T and A1298C variations with AML and CML were conducted. Eligible articles were identified from the PubMed and EMBASE databases. All statistical analyses were conducted using Review Manager Software. RESULTS 10 and 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis about the role of C677T polymorphism on the AML and CML risks, respectively; 6 and 4 studies were included about the role of A1298C polymorphism on the AML and CML risks, respectively. Overall, both the C677T and A1298C polymorphisms were significantly associated with CML risk under the recessive model (P=0.04, OR=1.35, 95% CI=1.02-1.79 for C677T and P=0.003, OR=2.17, 95% CI=1.29-3.63 for A1298C). In addition, the risk of CML was higher in 1298CC genotype carriers than in 1298AA genotype carriers (P=0.004, OR=2.17, 95%=1.28-3.69). Conversely, the overall data failed to indicate a significant association of C677T or A1298C polymorphisms with AML risk under any model. CONCLUSIONS The findings provide evidence that C677T and A1298C polymorphisms are risk factors for CML risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong He
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Gonghao He
- Department of Pharmacy, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Taotao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jiangxia Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yalin Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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12
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Ayad MW, El Naggar AA, El Naggar M. MTHFR C677T polymorphism: association with lymphoid neoplasm and effect on methotrexate therapy. Eur J Haematol 2014; 93:63-9. [PMID: 24592886 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to detect the possible role of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism (MTHFR C677T) in the pathogenesis of lymphoid neoplasms and to investigate the influence of this polymorphism on methotrexate toxicity in adult ALL patients treated with methotrexate maintenance therapy. There was a statistically significant increase in the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients with CT genotype (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.3-6.3; P = 0.007) and combined CT + TT genotype (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.5-6.6; P = 0.006). While no significant association was found between this polymorphism and ALL risk. The patients with ALL treated with methotrexate during maintenance therapy were observed for signs of toxicity. MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism (CT + TT) was significantly overrepresented among cases with hepatic toxicity (OR = 15.6; 95% CI, 2.6-81.3; P = 0.001). In addition, they were overrepresented among cases with mucositis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia. However, it did not reach statistical significance level. Further studies on larger number of subjects are necessary. Additional studies on the role of MTHFR gene polymorphism with environment (folate intake) interaction are needed to confirm the role of these genetic polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona W Ayad
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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Qin YT, Zhang Y, Wu F, Su Y, Lu GN, Wang RS. Association between MTHFR polymorphisms and acute myeloid leukemia risk: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88823. [PMID: 24586405 PMCID: PMC3930602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous observational studies investigating the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms and acute myeloid leukemia risk (AML) have yielded inconsistent results. The aim of this study is to derive a more precise estimation of the association between MTHFR (C677T and A1298C) polymorphisms and acute myeloid leukemia risk. PubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched to identify relevant studies from their inception to August 2013. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were the metric of choice. Thirteen studies were selected for C677T polymorphism (1838 cases and 5318 controls) and 9 studies (1335 patients and 4295 controls) for A1298C polymorphism. Overall, pooled results showed that C677T polymorphism was not significant associated with AML risk(OR, 0.98-1.04; 95% CI, 0.86-0.92 to 1.09-1.25). Similar results were observed for the A1298C polymorphism and in subgroup analysis. All comparisons revealed no substantial heterogeneity nor did we detect evidence of publication bias. In summary, this meta-analysis provides evidence that MTHFR polymorphisms were not associated with AML risk. Further investigations are needed to offer better insight into the role of these polymorphisms in AML carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tao Qin
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Su
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ge-Ning Lu
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ren-Sheng Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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MTHFR genetic polymorphisms may contribute to the risk of chronic myelogenous leukemia in adults: a meta-analysis of 12 genetic association studies. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:4233-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1554-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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15
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Khorshied MM, Shaheen IAM, Abu Khalil RE, Sheir RE. Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms in chronic myeloid leukemia: an Egyptian study. Med Oncol 2013; 31:794. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0794-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zaker F, Safaei A, Nasiri N, Abdollahzadeh M, Pazhakh V. The Association of NAD(P)H:quinine Oxidoreductase Gene Polymorphisms With Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Lab Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1309/lmtfq7zo8yegaj1h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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17
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Trifa AP, Cucuianu A, Popp RA, Costache RM, Coadă CA, Sarca AD, Urian LG, Dima D, Petrov L, Farcasˏ MF, Militaru MS, Pop IV. Analysis of theMTHFR(methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) 677 C>T and 1298 A>C polymorphisms inBCR-ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms. Int J Lab Hematol 2012; 35:e9-12. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Trifa
- Department of Medical Genetics; ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Cluj-Napoca; Romania
| | - A. Cucuianu
- Department of Hematology; ‘Ion Chiricuta’ Cancer Institute; Cluj-Napoca; Romania
| | - R. A. Popp
- Department of Medical Genetics; ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Cluj-Napoca; Romania
| | - R. M. Costache
- Department of Medical Genetics; ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Cluj-Napoca; Romania
| | - C. A. Coadă
- Department of Medical Genetics; ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Cluj-Napoca; Romania
| | - A. D. Sarca
- Department of Medical Genetics; ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Cluj-Napoca; Romania
| | - L. G. Urian
- Department of Hematology; ‘Ion Chiricuta’ Cancer Institute; Cluj-Napoca; Romania
| | - D. Dima
- Department of Hematology; ‘Ion Chiricuta’ Cancer Institute; Cluj-Napoca; Romania
| | - L. Petrov
- Department of Hematology; ‘Ion Chiricuta’ Cancer Institute; Cluj-Napoca; Romania
| | - M. F. Farcasˏ
- Department of Medical Genetics; ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Cluj-Napoca; Romania
| | - M. S. Militaru
- Department of Medical Genetics; ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Cluj-Napoca; Romania
| | - I. V. Pop
- Department of Medical Genetics; ‘Iuliu Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Cluj-Napoca; Romania
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Zaker F, Safaei A, Hashemi M, Pazhakh V. The Frequency and Association of C609T and C465T Polymorphisms of NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase Gene With Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Lab Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1309/lmntbfpiasmwi1rt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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