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Luo Y, Li L, Chen X, Gou H, Yan K, Xu Y. Effects of lactate in immunosuppression and inflammation: Progress and prospects. Int Rev Immunol 2021; 41:19-29. [PMID: 34486916 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2021.1974856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Lactate used to be considered as a waste product of glucose metabolism. However, accumulating evidence has revealed its crucial role in regulating various biological and pathological processes. Hypoxia, inflammation, viral infection, and tumor promote the production of lactate. Then lactate activates G protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81) or shuttles across membranes by monocarboxylate-transporters (MCTs) to execute its intricate effects. Many studies highlighted the function of lactate in regulating dendritic cells, monocytes, natural killer cells, mast cells, T cells, tumor cells, fibroblasts, macrophages polarization, and the differentiation of Th1, Th17, MDSCs, Tregs; all of which play a role in maintaining the immune homeostasis of the host when challenged with the noxious stimuli. In this review, we summarized the influence of lactate in diverse tissue-specific cells, and discuss their effects on viral infection, acute inflammation, chronic inflammation, sepsis, and tumor immunosuppression. The goal of this review is to expose that lactate has a double-edged effect on host immunity and accompanying inflammatory reactions, which could be a potentially effective target for treating the tumor and multiple infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiqing Gou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Omer-Cihangir R, Baser U, Kucukgergin C, Aykol-Sahin G, Huck O, Yalcin F. Impact of Smoking on Neutrophil Enzyme Levels in Gingivitis: A Case-Control Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18158075. [PMID: 34360367 PMCID: PMC8345369 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background: The determination of the impact of risk factors such as smoking in periodontal disease development is of importance to better characterize the disease. However, its impact on host response remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of tobacco smoking on GCF levels of neutrophil enzymes (myeloperoxidase (MPO), beta-glucuronidase (BGD), neutrophil elastase (NE) and periodontal parameters in healthy young adults with dental plaque biofilm-induced gingivitis. Methods: The study population consisted of 60 systemically healthy young adults (39 smokers (Sm) and 21 non-smokers (n-Sm)) diagnosed with plaque-induced gingivitis. The periodontal examination consisted of a plaque index (PI); gingival index (GI); probing depth (PD); bleeding on probing (BoP), and clinical attachment level (CAL). GCF MPO, BGD, and NE levels were determined by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: PI, GI, and BoP were significantly increased in the Sm group (p < 0.05). PD and CAL showed no significant difference between Sm and n-Sm groups (p > 0.05). In GCF, MPO, BGD, and NE levels were significantly increased in Sm group (p < 0.05). NE levels showed a significant correlation with GI and BoP (p < 0.05 for both). Moreover, a positive correlation between BGD and NE levels (p < 0.05) was measured. Conclusions: It may be concluded that, even in young patients, tobacco consumption affects the host’s immune response related to gingival inflammation. It is, therefore, mandatory to inform young patients about the risk related to tobacco consumption for their gingival health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumeysa Omer-Cihangir
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, Istanbul 34093, Turkey;
- Correspondence: (R.O.-C.); (U.B.); Tel.: +90-505-369-8644 (U.B.)
| | - Ulku Baser
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, Istanbul 34093, Turkey;
- Correspondence: (R.O.-C.); (U.B.); Tel.: +90-505-369-8644 (U.B.)
| | - Canan Kucukgergin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, University of Istanbul, Istanbul 34093, Turkey;
| | - Gokce Aykol-Sahin
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul 34959, Turkey;
| | - Olivier Huck
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France;
- INSERM, UMR 1260 Osteoarticular and Dental Regenerative Nanomedicine, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Pôle de Médecine et de Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Funda Yalcin
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, Istanbul 34093, Turkey;
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Anastasova L, Tasevska A, Toseska Spasova N, Popovska M, Petkovska R. Monitoring the changes in ALP, AST and LDH activity during short-term orthodontic treatment using multivariate algorithms for chemometric data analysis. MAKEDONSKO FARMACEVTSKI BILTEN 2020. [DOI: 10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2020.66.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liljana Anastasova
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Angela Tasevska
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Natasa Toseska Spasova
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Mirjana Popovska
- Department of Oral Pathology and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Rumenka Petkovska
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
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Tasevska A, Anastasova L, Petkovska R, Toseska-Spasova N, Popovska M. Evaluation of biomarker activity in gingival crevicular fluid during short-term orthodontic treatment: comparison between mesial and distal sites. MAKEDONSKO FARMACEVTSKI BILTEN 2020. [DOI: 10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2020.66.03.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Tasevska
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Liljana Anastasova
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Rumenka Petkovska
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Natasa Toseska-Spasova
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Mirjana Popovska
- Department of Oral Pathology and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
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Bogdanovska L, Poceva Panovska A, Popovska M, Dimitrovska A, Petkovska R. Chemometric evaluation of the efficacy of locally administered chlorhexidine in patients with periodontal disease. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:1022-1031. [PMID: 29158711 PMCID: PMC5681301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of assessment of drug efficacy produces multivariate data which are difficult to interpret. The interpretation and extraction of relevant data requires application of chemometric algorithms for multivariate data analysis. The aim of our study was evaluation of the efficacy of local treatment with chlorhexidine (CHX) in patients suffering from periodontal disease by chemometric algorithms for multivariate data analysis. Several algorithms were used: principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The PCA models identified the examined variables as suitable for monitoring the periodontal disease progression at the same time revealing mutual relationship among them. The developed PLS-DA model successfully distinguished patients treated with CHX from non-treated patients. The OPLS-DA model revealed differences in the mechanism of action of the two widely applied treatments in periodontal disease, local administration of CHX and local administration of doxycycline (DOX). The approach presented in this study opens the possibility of application of chemometric algorithms for multivariate data analysis for assessment of treatment efficacy.
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Key Words
- ALP, alkaline phosphatase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- CAL, clinical attachment loss
- CHX, chlorhexidine
- Chemometric algorithms
- Chlorhexidine
- DOX, doxycycline
- GCF, gingival crevicular fluid
- GI, index of gingival inflammation
- IL-1β, interleukin -1 beta
- LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
- Multivariate data analysis
- OPLS-DA, orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis
- PCA, principal component analysis
- PD, pocket depth
- PLS-DA, partial least square discriminant analysis
- Periodontal disease
- TNF, α- tumor necrosis factor-alpha
- Treatment efficacy
- VIP, variable influence on projection
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Affiliation(s)
- Liljana Bogdanovska
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Majka Teresa 47, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia
- Corresponding author at: Faculty of Pharmacy, Univ. Ss Cyril and Methodius, Majka Teresa 47, POB 36, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia.Faculty of PharmacyUniv. Ss Cyril and MethodiusMajka Teresa 47POB 361000 SkopjeMacedonia
| | - Ana Poceva Panovska
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Majka Teresa 47, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Mirjana Popovska
- Department of Oral Pathology and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Majka Teresa 47, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Aneta Dimitrovska
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Majka Teresa 47, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Rumenka Petkovska
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Majka Teresa 47, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia
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Bogdanovska L, Poceva Panovska A, Nakov N, Zafirova M, Popovska M, Dimitrovska A, Petkovska R. Efficacy assessment of local doxycycline treatment in periodontal patients using multivariate chemometric approach. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 91:114-21. [PMID: 27283484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was application of chemometric algorithms for multivariate data analysis in efficacy assessment of the local periodontal treatment with doxycycline (DOX). Treatment efficacy was evaluated by monitoring inflammatory biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples and clinical indices before and after the local treatment as well as by determination of DOX concentration in GCF after the local treatment. The experimental values from these determinations were submitted to several chemometric algorithms: principal component analysis (PCA), partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The data structure and the mutual relations of the selected variables were thoroughly investigated by PCA. The PLS-DA model identified variables responsible for discrimination of classes of data, before and after DOX treatment. The OPLS-DA model compared the efficacy of the two commonly used medications in periodontal treatment, chlorhexidine (CHX) and DOX, at the same time providing insight in their mechanism of action. The obtained results indicate that application of multivariate chemometric algorithms can be used as a valuable approach for assessment of treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liljana Bogdanovska
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Mother Theresa 47, 1000 Skopje, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.
| | - Ana Poceva Panovska
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Mother Theresa 47, 1000 Skopje, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
| | - Natalija Nakov
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Mother Theresa 47, 1000 Skopje, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
| | - Marija Zafirova
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Mother Theresa 47, 1000 Skopje, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
| | - Mirjana Popovska
- Department of Oral Pathology and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Mother Theresa 47, 1000 Skopje, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
| | - Aneta Dimitrovska
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Mother Theresa 47, 1000 Skopje, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
| | - Rumenka Petkovska
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Mother Theresa 47, 1000 Skopje, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
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Development and validation of RP HPLC method for determination of betamethasone dipropionate in gingival crevicular fluid. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2013; 63:419-26. [PMID: 24152901 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2013-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract A simple RP HPLC method for quantification of betamethasone dipropionate (BDP) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) has been developed and validated. GCF represents a valuable matrix for therapeutic monitoring of drugs used in the treatment of periodontal disease. The proposed method involves single step extraction for sample preparation. The calibration curve for BDP was linear over the concentration range of 0.10-2.00 μg mL⁻¹ (R² = 0.9971). RSD values of intra- and inter-day precision ranged 2.2-4.5 and 1.6-5.7 %, while accuracy values were higher than 96.6 and 97.0 %, respectively. The described method can be successfully applied for determination of betamethasone concentrations in GCF obtained from patients with chronic periodontitis after local treatment with BDP cream 0.5 mg g⁻¹.
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Castro CE, Koss MA, López ME. Intracytoplasmic enzymes in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2011; 46:522-7. [PMID: 21488876 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01367.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Biochemical parameters of crevicular fluid could provide evidence of periodontal tissue disease. The aim of this study was to analyze enzymes in crevicular fluid in aggressive localized and generalized periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and twenty-four subjects were classified as having localized (n = 36) or generalized aggressive periodontitis (n = 38) and subclassified into moderate and severe groups. Controls were 50 periodontitis-free subjects. Activities of the enzymes lactate dehydrogenase, neutrophil elastase, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase were determined. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. RESULTS Among the subjects with localized aggressive periodontitis, values of lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase increased notably in moderate and severe periodontitis compared with control subjects. Values for aspartate aminotransferase increased with the severity of the disease, and neutrophil elastase was increased in the moderate and severe states. In generalized aggressive periodontitis, lactate dehydrogenase showed higher values than in control subjects in both periodontal subgroups. Alkaline phosphatase and neutrophil elastase showed higher significant differences between moderate and severe periodontitis compared with the control group. Aspartate aminotransferase showed differences between the severe and moderate periodontitis groups compared with the control group. Of all the enzymes analyzed, only lactate dehydrogenase showed higher values in localized than in generalized aggressive periodontitis. CONCLUSION Lactate dehydrogenase may distinguish localized and generalized aggressive periodontitis. Alkaline phosphatase increases from moderate to severe states in both types of periodontitis. Aspartate aminotransferase and neutrophil elastase only increase with strong evidence of periodontal destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Castro
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
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