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Shafiekhani M, Fatemi SA, Hosseini P, Marhemati F, Mohammadi S, Sharifi F, Moorkani Kurde Esfahani Pour A, Sadeghi Habibabad F, Saad Abadi N, Shorafa E, Azadi S. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Considerations of Novel Antibiotic Agents for Pediatric Infections: A Narrative Review. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2023; 24:703-715. [PMID: 37831932 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2023.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Currently, the escalation of microbial resistance poses a significant global challenge. Children are more susceptible to develop infections and therefore are prescribed antibiotics more frequently. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics in pediatric patients can play a considerable role in developing microbial resistance. Accordingly, many policies, including research into new antibiotic agents have been recommended to combat microbial resistance. Recent developments in novel antibiotics have shown promising results against multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensive drug resistance (XDR) pathogens. However, as pediatric patients are typically excluded from the clinical trials of new medications, labeling and information about approved antibiotics should be improved. This study aimed to evaluate antibiotics having been introduced to the market in the last decade focusing on pediatric population. Methods: This study reviewed the published literatures on novel FDA-approved antibiotics released between 2010 and 2022. Results: Finally, seven newly approved antibiotics including ceftaroline fosamil, ceftazidime-avibactam, ceftolozane-tazobactam, ceftobiprole, imipenem-cilastatin-relebactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, and tedizolid were considered in the present review-article. All relevant data extracted from literatures, were discussed in different subtitles of "Pharmacology", "Mechanism of action", "Indication", "Dosage regimen and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties", "Dosage adjustment in renal/liver failure", "Resistance pattern", and "Adverse drug events". Conclusion: This study reviewed available data on seven new antibiotic agents and their pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, with a particular focus on their use in pediatric patients. The information presented in this review will be useful for healthcare professionals in selecting appropriate antibiotics for pediatric patients and for researchers in achieving the ideal therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Shafiekhani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Shiraz Transplant Center, Abu-Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Pouria Hosseini
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Marhemati
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soniya Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sharifi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Negin Saad Abadi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Eslam Shorafa
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soha Azadi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Chaïbi K, Jaureguy F, Do Rego H, Ruiz P, Mory C, El Helali N, Mrabet S, Mizrahi A, Zahar JR, Pilmis B. What to Do with the New Antibiotics? Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040654. [PMID: 37107016 PMCID: PMC10135159 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria-related infections have become a real public health problem and have exposed the risk of a therapeutic impasse. In recent years, many new antibiotics have been introduced to enrich the therapeutic armamentarium. Among these new molecules, some are mainly of interest for the treatment of the multidrug-resistant infections associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ceftolozane/tazobactam and imipenem/relebactam); others are for carbapenem-resistant infections associated with Enterobacterales (ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam); and finally, there are others that are effective on the majority of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (cefiderocol). Most international guidelines recommend these new antibiotics in the treatment of microbiologically documented infections. However, given the significant morbidity and mortality of these infections, particularly in the case of inadequate therapy, it is important to consider the place of these antibiotics in probabilistic treatment. Knowledge of the risk factors for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (local ecology, prior colonization, failure of prior antibiotic therapy, and source of infection) seems necessary in order to optimize antibiotic prescriptions. In this review, we will assess these different antibiotics according to the epidemiological data.
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