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Solares MJ, Jonaid GM, Luqiu WY, Berry S, Khadela J, Liang Y, Evans MC, Pridham KJ, Dearnaley WJ, Sheng Z, Kelly DF. High-Resolution Imaging of Human Cancer Proteins Using Microprocessor Materials. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200310. [PMID: 35789183 PMCID: PMC9574649 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in tumor suppressor genes, such as Tumor Protein 53 (TP53), are heavily implicated in aggressive cancers giving rise to gain- and loss-of-function phenotypes. While individual domains of the p53 protein have been studied extensively, structural information for full-length p53 remains incomplete. Functionalized microprocessor chips (microchips) with properties amenable to electron microscopy permitted us to visualize complete p53 assemblies for the first time. The new structures revealed p53 in an inactive dimeric state independent of DNA binding. Residues located at the protein-protein interface corresponded with modification sites in cancer-related hot spots. Changes in these regions may amplify the toxic effects of clinical mutations. Taken together, these results contribute advances in technology and imaging approaches to decode native protein models in different states of activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Solares
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Biosciences Graduate Program, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Structural Oncology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - G M Jonaid
- Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate Program, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Structural Oncology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - William Y Luqiu
- Center for Structural Oncology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Samantha Berry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Structural Oncology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Janki Khadela
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Structural Oncology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yanping Liang
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - Madison C Evans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Structural Oncology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Kevin J Pridham
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - William J Dearnaley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Structural Oncology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Zhi Sheng
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - Deborah F Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Center for Structural Oncology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Cryo-EM Reveals Architectural Diversity in Active Rotavirus Particles. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2019; 17:1178-1183. [PMID: 31467657 PMCID: PMC6710475 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2019.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus is a well-studied RNA virus that causes severe gastroenteritis in children. During viral entry, the outer layer of the virion is shed, creating a double-layered particle (DLP) that is competent to perform viral transcription (i.e., mRNA synthesis) and launch infection. While inactive forms of rotavirus DLPs have been structurally characterized in detail, information about the transcriptionally-active DLP remains limited. Here, we used cryo-Electron Microscopy (cryo-EM) and 3D image reconstructions to compare the structures of internal protein components in transcriptionally-active versus inactive DLPs. Our findings showed that transcriptionally-active DLPs gained internal order as mRNA synthesis unfolded, while inactive DLPs remained dynamically disordered. Regions of viral protein/RNA constituents were analyzed across two different axes of symmetry to provide a more comprehensive view of moving components. Taken together, our results bring forth a new view of active DLPs, which may enable future pharmacological strategies aimed at obliterating rotavirus transcription as a therapeutic approach.
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