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Nguyen BT, Jacobsohn TL. Post-abortion contraception, an opportunity for male partners and male contraception. Contraception 2022; 115:69-74. [PMID: 35870483 PMCID: PMC9561074 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Men who accompany their female partners at the time of an abortion represent a unique population who may be amenable to receiving postabortion contraceptive services. We sought to examine their interest in receiving both counseling and contraception when available. STUDY DESIGN We analyzed a subset of survey data on the experience of accompanying male partners at the time of an abortion at two urban family planning clinics. We examined their beliefs about shared contraceptive responsibility, attitudes towards participating in contraceptive counseling, and willingness to use novel male contraceptives. We conducted bivariate analyses and logistic regressions for sociodemographic and reproductive factors linked to these outcomes. RESULTS Of 210 male partners surveyed at the time of an abortion, nearly three-quarters characterized preventing unwanted pregnancy as a shared responsibility, believed in the importance of attending contraceptive counseling with their female partner, and reported willingness to use novel male contraceptives. Contraceptive method used when discovering the pregnancy was neither linked to men's attitudes towards counseling nor interest in using novel male contraceptives. Individuals between the ages of 25 to 34 (aOR: 2.69; 95%CI: 1.32-5.48), those with a college education (aOR: 5.49; 95%CI: 1.31-22.94), and those who had never experienced abortion (aOR: 2.21; 95%CI: 1.08-4.55) exhibited greater interest in using novel male contraceptives. Black respondents (aOR: 2.33; 95%CI: 1.01-5.38) exhibited greater interest in receiving contraceptive counseling with their partner and a counselor following the abortion. CONCLUSION For male partners, abortion may be an opportunity to engage men in contraceptive counseling and when available, offer new male contraceptives. IMPLICATIONS As few men receive comprehensive contraceptive counseling, engaging men when they accompany their female partners to family planning clinics may be an additional strategy to prevent unwanted pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Nguyen
- Section of Family Planning, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States.
| | - Tamar L Jacobsohn
- Contraceptive Development Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Surveying the persistence of age and gender-based restrictions on over-the-counter emergency contraception across pharmacies in Los Angeles County, California, USA. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2022; 62:1654-1658. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Meier S, Giannone A, Umberger A, Mason CJ, Ramos-Ortiz J, Szabo MM, DeMaria AL. Messaging and access strategies for improving emergency contraceptive knowledge and uptake among Italians. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2021; 27:166-172. [PMID: 34860140 DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2021.2008346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Over-the-counter emergency contraception (EC) purchase was legalised in Italy in 2015. Knowledge and access gaps, however, remain. The goal of this study was to explore women's and men's EC informational and access needs. METHODS As part of a larger reproductive study, researchers conducted 42 in-depth interviews (May-June 2019) with English-speaking women and men aged 18-50 years (mean ± standard deviation, 29.1 ± 7.9 years) living in or near Florence, Italy, and using the Italian health care system. Researchers completed qualitative data analysis to identify emergent themes related to EC knowledge, attitudes and access. HyperRESEARCH aided data organisation and analysis. Researchers used a comparative method to contextualise data and identify emergent themes. RESULTS Findings demonstrated that peer communication and experiences served as influential factors in others' EC use. This propagated misinformation, reducing participants' confidence in EC efficacy and safety. Women described the relevance of relationship type in whether to engage men in EC discussion, while men desired an active supportive role. Finally, participants described various messaging and access channels to increase EC knowledge and access. CONCLUSION Findings offer practical recommendations to guide social marketing and behaviour change interventions to increase EC access among women and men in Italy. The utility of pharmacists to individuals wishing to access EC is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Meier
- Division of Consumer Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Allison Giannone
- School of Nursing, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Alexia Umberger
- Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Cayley J Mason
- School of Nursing, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jaziel Ramos-Ortiz
- Division of Consumer Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Andrea L DeMaria
- Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Nguyen BT, Violette C, Li HZ, Jensen JT. Expectations for Sex without Birth Control among Young Men: Risk Factors from the USA National Survey of Reproductive and Contraceptive Knowledge. World J Mens Health 2019; 38:573-581. [PMID: 31749339 PMCID: PMC7502322 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.190098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Male partner engagement in family planning can influence women's contraceptive behaviors and risk of unintended pregnancy. We identified factors associated with self-reported expectations for future contraceptive use among a nationally-representative sample of young men. Materials and Methods The National Survey of Reproductive and Contraceptive Knowledge asked unmarried, sexually active men (ages, 18–29 y), who were neither involved in nor trying for a pregnancy, about their likelihood of having sex without contraception in the following three months. Demographics, social factors, and contraceptive awareness and attitudes were examined for potential associations using weighted analyses. Results Of 903 men surveyed, nearly 600 were sexually active and expected to have sex in the following 3 months; nearly half (43%) reported at least some likelihood (23% slightly, 7% very, 13% extreme likely) that they would have sex without any contraception. Factors independently associated with sex without contraception included: not completing high school, not being in school full-time, not receiving sex education, limited awareness of contraceptive methods, multiple sexual partners, and friends with unintended pregnancies. Conclusions Despite not wanting a pregnancy, many young men report they will have sex without contraception. While comprehensive sex education may increase contraceptive use, interpersonal and social factors also influence men's expected use of contraception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Nguyen
- Section of Family Planning, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | | | - Hong Z Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Jensen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
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Gray NJ. A Call for Action: Supporting and Engaging Pharmacists in the Provision of Emergency Contraception. J Adolesc Health 2018; 63:1-2. [PMID: 30060845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola J Gray
- Green Line Consulting LimitedManchester, United Kingdom
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Milosavljevic J, Krajnovic D, Bogavac-Stanojevic N. Predictors of pharmacists' provision of emergency contraceptive pills. Health Care Women Int 2016; 37:1170-81. [DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2016.1215464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Orr KK, Lemay VA, Wojtusik AP, Opydo-Rossoni M, Cohen LB. Availability and Accuracy of Information Regarding Nonprescription Emergency Contraception. J Pharm Pract 2016; 29:454-60. [DOI: 10.1177/0897190014568378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Although access to emergency contraception (EC) has increased with nonprescription status and approval of Plan B One-Step without age restrictions, barriers may still remain in patient education. This study assesses product availability and accuracy of information for EC among community pharmacies in Rhode Island, comparing changes from 2009 to 2012. Methods: Two female investigators posing as patients seeking EC followed a standardized script over telephone conversations. Investigators assessed EC availability, product use information, and cost at all community (retail) pharmacies in Rhode Island. Data were reported as group results with no identifiers. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to analyze results. Results: During spring of 2009 and 2012, 165 and 171 pharmacies were telephoned, respectively. Approximately 90% of pharmacies stocked EC both years. In all, 62% versus 28% ( P < .001) indicated EC should be taken as soon as possible; 82.5% versus 87.7% ( P = .220) provided correct administration information; 67% versus 84% ( P < .001) warned about adverse effects; and 67% versus 53% ( P = .123) provided the correct minimum age for purchase. Conclusions: Access to nonprescription EC in Rhode Island is very good. Sites not stocking EC should reassess plans for patients to obtain medication. There is need for reeducation on EC labeling to improve counseling provided over the telephone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Kelly Orr
- The University of Rhode Island, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Virginia A. Lemay
- The University of Rhode Island, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kingston, RI, USA
| | | | | | - Lisa B. Cohen
- The University of Rhode Island, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kingston, RI, USA
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Young S, Griffin B, Vest K. Active-learning instruction on emergency contraception counseling. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION 2013; 77:104. [PMID: 23788815 PMCID: PMC3687115 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe775104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To increase pharmacy students' knowledge of and confidence in counseling patients regarding emergency contraception and to identify any barriers to counseling patients about emergency contraception. DESIGN Approximately 200 third-year pharmacy students participated in the Women's Health Therapeutics workshop at Midwestern University Chicago College of Pharmacy. Students observed a 5-minute skit of a counseling session on emergency contraception and then were asked to pair up with a classmate and practice counseling each other regarding the use of emergency contraception following a checklist of key points. ASSESSMENT One hundred eighty-nine students completed pre- and post-workshop survey instruments. Students' knowledge scores increased from 86% to 93% (p<0.001). Approximately 25% of the students stated they were confident in counseling patients on emergency contraception before completing the active-learning exercise compared to 58.5% after (p<0.001). The most common barrier to counseling that students identified on the pre- and post-workshop survey was lack of knowledge. CONCLUSION Participation in an active-learning exercise significantly increased pharmacy students' knowledge of and confidence in counseling patients regarding emergency contraception and significantly reduced several barriers to counseling identified prior to participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shardae Young
- College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
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Marcell AV, Waks AB, Rutkow L, McKenna R, Rompalo A, Hogan MT. What do we know about males and emergency contraception? A synthesis of the literature. PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2012; 44:184-193. [PMID: 22958663 DOI: 10.1363/4418412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Unintended pregnancy rates are high in the United States. It is important to know whether improving males' access to emergency contraceptive pills may help prevent unintended pregnancy, especially in cases of -condom failure. METHODS A search of the PubMed, PsycINFO and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases was conducted to identify studies published from January 1980 to April 2011 concerning males and emergency contraception. Forty-three studies met the specified criteria and examined relevant knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, intentions or behaviors, from the perspectives of males, clinicians or pharmacists. RESULTS The proportion of males who were familiar with emergency contraception ranged from 38% among teenagers to 65-100% among adults. Small proportions reported that they and their partner had used or discussed using emergency contraceptive pills (13-30%) or that they themselves had ever purchased them (11%). Most providers (77-85%) reported general knowledge about emergency contraceptives, but the proportions who knew the time frame within which the pills can be prescribed were smaller (28-63%). Most males approved of emergency contraceptive use following contraceptive failure (74-82%) or unprotected sex (59-65%), or in cases of rape (85-91%), but both pharmacists and college students reported concerns that females might feel pressured to use the method. No study examined clinicians' attitudes and behaviors (e.g., counseling or advance provision) regarding males and emergency contraception. CONCLUSIONS Studies are needed to determine whether male involvement in emergency contraception can reduce rates of unintended pregnancy and to assess health professionals' ability to counsel males about the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arik V Marcell
- Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Richman AR, Daley EM, Baldwin J, Kromrey J, O'Rourke K, Perrin K. The role of pharmacists and emergency contraception: Are pharmacists' perceptions of emergency contraception predictive of their dispensing practices? Contraception 2012; 86:370-5. [PMID: 22386228 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2012.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacists can play a critical role in the access to emergency contraception (EC). We assessed if knowledge and attitudes were predictive of EC dispensing among a statewide sample of Florida pharmacists, who have legal authority to refuse to dispense medications. STUDY DESIGN In 2008, surveys were mailed to a random sample of 1264 pharmacists registered with the Florida Board of Pharmacy. Data from 272 pharmacists (22% response rate) were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS Fifty-six percent of respondents incorrectly answered that EC causes birth defects, and 46% replied that it causes abortion. Only 22% said that EC can be purchased in advance of need. Many felt uncomfortable dispensing to adolescents (61%) and men (58%). Knowledge about EC was the most important predictor of dispensing [odds ratio (OR)=1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22-2.03]. In particular, pharmacists who reported that EC does not act as an abortifacient were more likely to dispense it (OR=4.64, 95% CI 2.15-10.00). CONCLUSIONS Correct information about EC was the most important predictor of pharmacists' dispensing EC. To expand availability of EC, pharmacists will have to become better informed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice R Richman
- East Carolina University, College of Health and Human Performance, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
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