1
|
Yeo G, Tan C, Ho D, Baumeister RF. How do aspects of selfhood relate to depression and anxiety among youth? A meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2023; 53:4833-4855. [PMID: 37212050 PMCID: PMC10476091 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents' sense of self has important implications for their mental health. Despite more than two decades of work, scholars have yet to amass evidence across studies to elucidate the role of selfhood in the mental health of adolescents. Underpinned by the conceptual model of selfhood, this meta-analytic review investigated the strength of associations of different facets of selfhood and their associated traits with depression and anxiety, moderating factors that attenuate or exacerbate these associations, and their causal influences. Using mixed-effects modeling, which included 558 effect sizes from 298 studies and 274 370 adolescents from 39 countries, our findings revealed that adolescents' self-esteem/self-concept [r = -0.518, p < 0.0001; (95% CI -0.49 to -0.547)] and self-compassion [r = -0.455, p < 0.0001; (95% CI -0.568 to -0.343)] demonstrating largest effect sizes in their associations with depression. Self-esteem/self-concept, self-compassion, self-awareness, self-efficacy, and self-regulation had similar moderate negative associations with anxiety. Meta-regressions revealed that adolescent age and type of informants (parents v. adolescents) were important moderators. Findings on causal influences indicated bidirectional causations, particularly low self-esteem/self-concept, self-awareness and self-efficacy drive higher depression and vice-versa. In contrast, the different self traits did not demonstrate specific causal direction with anxiety. These results pinpoint self traits that are pivotal in relating to adolescent mental health functioning. We discussed the theoretical implications of our findings in terms of how they advance theory of selfhood for adolescent mental health, and the practical implications of building selfhood as cultivating psychological skills for mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- GeckHong Yeo
- N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- The Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cameron Tan
- N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dean Ho
- N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- The Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NUS Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roy F. Baumeister
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Benzi IMA, Fontana A, Barone L, Preti E, Parolin L, Ensink K. Emerging personality in adolescence: developmental trajectories, internalizing and externalizing problems, and the role of mentalizing abilities. J Adolesc 2022; 95:537-552. [PMID: 36564966 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Identifying longitudinal trajectories of emerging personality (EP) is crucial to highlight developmental patterns that might foster personality pathology in adolescence and early adulthood. Research on the exacerbation of personality pathology in adolescence identifies the significant contribution of internalizing and externalizing problems and suggests the importance of considering aspects such as mentalization, while accounting for gender differences. METHODS In our study, we adopted a mixed-model approach to (1) explore longitudinally EP (Adolescent Personality Structure Questionnaire; APS-Q) over 12 months in a sample of adolescents (N = 178, 62% females, mAGE = 15.04, SD = 1.27), accounting for gender effects. Moreover, (2) we assessed the longitudinal effect of internalizing and externalizing problems (Youth Self-Report; YSR-112) on EP. Finally, (3) we addressed the moderating role of mentalization (Movie Assessment for Social Cognition; MASC) in this developmental pathway. RESULTS Results highlighted a two-way pattern of EP. No changes were found in the level of difficulties in Self-acceptance, Investments and Goals, and Relationships with family dimensions. However, significant changes were found in personality functioning in the dimensions of Sense of Self, Aggression, and Relationships with friends. More, changes in difficulties in Sexuality emerged only in females. Also, gender differences emerged in the level of severity of EP. In addition, Internalizing and Externalizing problems differentially predicted difficulties in personality dimensions. Finally, mentalizing features moderated the relationship between Internalizing problems and Sense of Self and Internalizing problems and Self-acceptance, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our contribution aligns with recent developmental models of personality pathology, suggesting that different personality dimensions develop at different paces. More, it highlights the predictive power of externalizing and internalizing problems on difficulties in personality dimensions. Finally, it advances the discussion on the contribution of mentalizing abilities to EP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Fontana
- Department of Human Science, LUMSA University, Rome, Italy
| | - Lavinia Barone
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Emanuele Preti
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Parolin
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Karin Ensink
- Department of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
A study on the relationship between parental emotional warmth, teacher-student relationships, peer trust and hope among rural adolescents. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03957-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
4
|
Relational support from teachers and peers matters: Links with different profiles of relational support and academic engagement. J Sch Psychol 2022; 92:209-226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
5
|
Barzeva SA, Richards JS, Veenstra R, Meeus WHJ, Oldehinkel AJ. Quality over quantity: A transactional model of social withdrawal and friendship development in late adolescence. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 31:126-146. [PMID: 35873382 PMCID: PMC9292547 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test a longitudinal, transactional model that describes how social withdrawal and friendship development are interrelated in late adolescence, and to investigate if post‐secondary transitions are catalysts of change for highly withdrawn adolescents’ friendships. Unilateral friendship data of 1,019 adolescents (61.3% female, 91% Dutch‐origin) from the Tracking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS) cohort were collected five times from ages 17 to 18 years. Social withdrawal was assessed at 16 and 19 years. The transactional model was tested within a Structural Equation Modeling framework, with intercepts and slopes of friendship quantity, quality, and stability as mediators and residential transitions, education transitions, and sex as moderators. The results confirmed the presence of a transactional relation between withdrawal and friendship quality. Whereas higher age 16 withdrawal predicted having fewer, lower‐quality, and less‐stable friendships, only having lower‐quality friendships, in turn, predicted higher age 19 withdrawal, especially in girls. Residential transitions were catalysts of change for highly withdrawn youth's number of friends: higher withdrawal predicted a moderate increase in number of friends for adolescents who relocated, and no change for those who made an educational transition or did not transition. Taken together, these results indicate that the quality of friendships—over and above number of friends and the stability of those friendships—is particularly important for entrenching or diminishing withdrawal in late adolescence, and that relocating provides an opportunity for withdrawn late adolescents to expand their friendship networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania A. Barzeva
- Department of Psychiatry University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer S. Richards
- Department of Psychiatry University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation Groningen The Netherlands
| | - René Veenstra
- Department of Sociology Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Wim H. J. Meeus
- Research Center Adolescent Development Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Albertine J. Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation Groningen The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
The structure of self-esteem: a bifactor modeling approach of the Self-liking/Self-competence Scale-Revised (SLCS-R) in Chinese preadolescents. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-01243-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
7
|
Wei M. Social Distancing and Lockdown - An Introvert's Paradise? An Empirical Investigation on the Association Between Introversion and the Psychological Impact of COVID19-Related Circumstantial Changes. Front Psychol 2020; 11:561609. [PMID: 33041925 PMCID: PMC7527530 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.561609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) pandemic has effected the implementation of social distancing and lockdown measures across the globe, and the psychological impact of associated life changes is experienced more severely by some individuals than others. Anecdotal evidence points to a common belief among the general public that introverts are faring better than their extraverted counterparts to this end. However, the claim lacks empirical research, and seems counterintuitive when the broader literature on the association between introversion and mental health is considered. The current study investigated whether the psychological impact of COVID19-related circumstantial changes was moderated by introversion, based on outcome measures across psychosocial, cognitive, and affective domains. The role of several demographic factors in determining COVID19-related mental health symptoms was also examined. One hundred and fourteen individuals (64 USA residents) completed measures of introversion, and reported on the extent to which they experienced loneliness, anxiety, depression and cognitive impairments as a function of COVID19-related circumstantial changes. Results showed that introversion predicted more severe loneliness, anxiety, and depression experienced as a function of COVID19-related circumstantial changes, but not cognitive impairments. Among the range of demographic factors examined (age, gender, living condition, recent unemployment), living with others (vs. living alone) predicted more severe COVID19-related mental health symptoms. However, these effects were only observed on outcome measures pertaining to anxiety and cognitive impairments, but not loneliness and depression. Current findings have implications for both consumers and disseminators of information on popular internet hubs. Current findings also highlight the possibility that living with others (close human affiliation) may have protective and detrimental effects on different domains of mental health during the COVID19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryann Wei
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pennington CR, Kaye LK, Qureshi AW, Heim D. Do gender differences in academic attainment correspond with scholastic attitudes? An exploratory study in a UK secondary school. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda K. Kaye
- Department of Psychology Edge Hill University Ormskirk UK
| | | | - Derek Heim
- Department of Psychology Edge Hill University Ormskirk UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Morales A, Rodríguez-Menchón M, Lis A, Delvecchio E, Li JB, Orgilés M, Espada JP. Spanish Validation of the Adolescent Self-Consciousness Questionnaire. THE SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 23:e24. [PMID: 32600483 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2020.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Self-consciousness development takes place mainly in adolescence because the brain undergoes certain structural changes that facilitate abstract thinking and metacognition, thus favoring the development of identity. Despite the importance of self-consciousness for mental health, there are no specific measurement instruments for Spanish adolescents. The objective of this study was to explore the dimensions of self-consciousness among Spanish adolescents aged between 13 and 18 years and validate the Chinese Adolescent Self-Consciousness Questionnaire (ASC) in this population. A second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted in accordance with previous validations of the ASC, using R Studio and the Lavaan package, to test its adequacy in a Spanish sample. Internal consistency and temporal stability were also tested, and evidence of validity was found. The results showed a good fit to the model eliminating four items with poor fit indices, CFI = .90, TLI = .89, RMSEA = .078, 95% CI [.076, .080]. Higher self-consciousness was associated with greater self-esteem and lower depressive symptomatology. No significant gender differences were found. This study provides a valid measure to evaluate self-consciousness in Spanish adolescents. The relationship established between self-consciousness and anxiety and depression requires further study as self-consciousness is involved in the development and maintenance of adolescent psychopathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jian-Bin Li
- The Education University of Hong Kong (Hong Kong)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schnyders CM, Lane JA. Gender, Parent and Peer Relationships, and Identification With Emerging Adulthood Among College Students. JOURNAL OF COLLEGE COUNSELING 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jocc.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joel A. Lane
- Department of Counselor Education, Portland State University
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Marder B. Trumped by context collapse: Examination of ‘Liking’ political candidates in the presence of audience diversity. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
12
|
Social anxiety mediates the relationship between social connectedness and test anxiety: An exploratory investigation. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jts5.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
13
|
Pace U, Zappulla C, Di Maggio R. The mediating role of perceived peer support in the relation between quality of attachment and internalizing problems in adolescence: a longitudinal perspective. Attach Hum Dev 2016; 18:508-24. [DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2016.1198919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
14
|
Dyson R, Robertson GC, Wong MM. Brief report: Peer group influences and adolescent internalizing problems as mediated by effortful control. J Adolesc 2015; 41:131-5. [PMID: 25863002 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Internalizing problems in adolescence encompass behaviors directed inward at the self (Colman, Wadsworth, Croudace, & Jones, 2007). Several predictors have been linked to internalizing problems including antisocial and prosocial peers (Cartwright, 2007; Chung, 2010). Effortful control, a component of self-regulation, is one factor that could mediate the relationship between peer behaviors and individual outcomes. This study assessed the relationship between peer behaviors, effortful control, and adolescent internalizing problems. Participants were 151 middle school adolescents (M = 12.16 years old) who completed self-report questionnaires regarding behaviors of their peers, perceptions of effortful control, and experiences of internalizing problems. Structural equation modeling (SEM) yielded a significant negative relationship between antisocial peers and effortful control, and a significant positive relationship between prosocial peers and effortful control. In addition, effortful control significantly mediated the relationship between prosocial peers and internalizing problems, but not for antisocial peers. Implications for interventions related to adolescent health were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Dyson
- Idaho State University, 921 S. 8th Avenue Stop 8112, Pocatello, ID 83201, USA.
| | - Gail C Robertson
- Idaho State University, 921 S. 8th Avenue Stop 8112, Pocatello, ID 83201, USA.
| | - Maria M Wong
- Idaho State University, 921 S. 8th Avenue Stop 8112, Pocatello, ID 83201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Doumen S, Smits I, Luyckx K, Duriez B, Vanhalst J, Verschueren K, Goossens L. Identity and perceived peer relationship quality in emerging adulthood: the mediating role of attachment-related emotions. J Adolesc 2012; 35:1417-25. [PMID: 22325118 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Identity formation and the perceived quality of one's peer relationships are theorized to be intimately linked in emerging adulthood. The present study examined the associations between identity styles (i.e., information-oriented, normative, and diffuse-avoidant styles) and the quality of relationships with peers (as indexed by friendship quality and loneliness) in a sample of 343 college students from Belgium. High scores for the information-oriented style were positively related to friendship quality, whereas high scores for the diffuse-avoidant identity style were positively related to loneliness. These direct associations were mediated, at least in part, by attachment-related emotions (i.e., avoidance and anxiety). These associations, both direct and indirect, provide the first evidence linking identity styles and the quality of peer relationships. Suggestions for future research are provided, both at the methodological and the conceptual level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Doumen
- Department of Psychology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sullivan MC, Barcelos Winchester S, Parker JG, Marks AK. Characteristic Processes in Close Peer Friendships of Preterm Infants at Age 12. SCIENTIFICA 2012; 2012:657923. [PMID: 23308346 PMCID: PMC3539761 DOI: 10.6064/2012/657923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Close friendships become important at middle-school age and are unexplored in adolescents born prematurely. The study aimed to characterize friendship behaviors of formerly preterm infants at age 12 and explore similarities and differences between preterm and full-term peers on dyadic friendship types. From the full sample of N=186, one hundred sixty-six 12-year-old adolescents (40 born full term, 126 born preterm) invited a close friend to a 1.5 hour videotaped laboratory play session. Twenty adolescents were unable to participate due to scheduling conflicts or developmental disability. Characteristic friendship behaviors were identified by Q-sort followed by Q-factoring analysis. Friendship duration, age, and contact differed between the full-term and preterm groups but friendship activities, behaviors, and quality were similar despite school service use. Three Q-factors, leadership, distancing, and mutual playfulness, were most characteristic of all dyads, regardless of prematurity. These prospective, longitudinal findings demonstrate diminished prematurity effects at adolescence in peer friendship behavior and reveal interpersonal dyadic processes that are important to peer group affiliation and other areas of competence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary C. Sullivan
- College of Nursing, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881-2021, USA
- Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Women & Infants Hospital, Providence, RI 02908, USA
| | - Suzy Barcelos Winchester
- Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Women & Infants Hospital, Providence, RI 02908, USA
| | - Jeffrey G. Parker
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0348, USA
| | - Amy K. Marks
- Department of Psychology, Suffolk University, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Meschke LL, Peter CR, Bartholomae S. Developmentally Appropriate Practice to Promote Healthy Adolescent Development: Integrating Research and Practice. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10566-011-9153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
18
|
Bowker JC, Spencer SV, Salvy SJ. Examining How Overweight Adolescents Process Social Information: The Significance of Friendship Quality. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2010; 31:231-237. [PMID: 20514345 DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2010.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The current study examines the social information processing and coping styles (SIP) of overweight and average weight adolescents, and whether the associations between friendship quality and SIP differ for these two groups (N = 156, M age = 12.79). On the basis of height and weight assessments, overweight (n = 70) and average weight (n = 86) adolescents were identified. Participants reported on positive and conflictual qualities of their friendships, and their attributions, emotional reactions, and coping strategies in response to hypothetical negative peer events. Results revealed that for overweight adolescents, positive friendship quality was negatively associated with emotion-focused coping, and friendship conflict was positively associated with internal blame attributions, but the associations between these variables were not significant for average weight adolescents. Findings suggest that positive friendships may represent protective factors in the lives of overweight adolescents whereas highly conflictual friendships may increase risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie C Bowker
- 224 Park Hall, Psychology Department, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14260-4110;
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Interactions between rejection sensitivity and supportive relationships in the prediction of adolescents' internalizing difficulties. J Youth Adolesc 2010; 39:563-74. [PMID: 20213482 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-010-9519-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Rejection sensitivity, the tendency to anxiously or angrily expect rejection, is associated with internalizing difficulties during childhood and adolescence. The primary goal of the present study was to examine whether supportive parent-child relationships and friendships moderate associations that link angry and anxious rejection sensitivity to depression and social anxiety during middle adolescence in an ethnically diverse sample of 277 youth (M age = 14.30 years; 46.93% male). Analyses revealed that angry rejection sensitivity was related to depressive symptoms, but only for adolescents reporting low support from parents and friends. Friend support moderated the association between (1) angry rejection sensitivity and social anxiety, and (2) anxious rejection sensitivity and depressive symptoms. For adolescents reporting low support from friends, support from parents was positively related to social anxiety. Findings highlight the importance of considering relationships in studies of rejection sensitivity and adjustment during adolescence.
Collapse
|