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Yu Z, Ely RJ, Morken JP. Synthesis of (+)-discodermolide by catalytic stereoselective borylation reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9632-6. [PMID: 25045037 PMCID: PMC4171733 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201405455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The marine natural product (+)-discodermolide was first isolated in 1990 and, to this day, remains a compelling synthesis target. Not only does the compound possess fascinating biological activity, but it also presents an opportunity to test current methods for chemical synthesis and provides an inspiration for new reaction development. A new synthesis of discodermolide employs a previously undisclosed stereoselective catalytic diene hydroboration and also establishes a strategy for the alkylation of chiral enolates. Furthermore, this synthesis of discodermolide provides the first examples of the asymmetric 1,4-diboration of dienes and borylative diene-aldehyde couplings in complex-molecule synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Merkert Research Labs, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 (USA)
| | - Robert J. Ely
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Merkert Research Labs, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 (USA)
| | - James P. Morken
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Merkert Research Labs, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 (USA)
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Yu Z, Ely RJ, Morken JP. Synthesis of (+)-Discodermolide by Catalytic Stereoselective Borylation Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201405455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kuttruff CA, Eastgate MD, Baran PS. Natural product synthesis in the age of scalability. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:419-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c3np70090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Winder PL, Pomponi SA, Wright AE. Natural products from the Lithistida: a review of the literature since 2000. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:2643-2682. [PMID: 22363244 PMCID: PMC3280575 DOI: 10.3390/md9122643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithistid sponges are known to produce a diverse array of compounds ranging from polyketides, cyclic and linear peptides, alkaloids, pigments, lipids, and sterols. A majority of these structurally complex compounds have very potent and interesting biological activities. It has been a decade since a thorough review has been published that summarizes the literature on the natural products reported from this amazing sponge order. This review provides an update on the current taxonomic classification of the Lithistida, describes structures and biological activities of 131 new natural products, and discusses highlights from the total syntheses of 16 compounds from marine sponges of the Order Lithistida providing a compilation of the literature since the last review published in 2002.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla L Winder
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution at Florida Atlantic University, Center for Marine Biomedical and Biotechnology Research, 5600 US 1 North, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA
| | - Shirley A Pomponi
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution at Florida Atlantic University, Center for Marine Biomedical and Biotechnology Research, 5600 US 1 North, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA
| | - Amy E Wright
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution at Florida Atlantic University, Center for Marine Biomedical and Biotechnology Research, 5600 US 1 North, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA
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Radjasa OK, Vaske YM, Navarro G, Vervoort HC, Tenney K, Linington RG, Crews P. Highlights of marine invertebrate-derived biosynthetic products: their biomedical potential and possible production by microbial associants. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:6658-74. [PMID: 21835627 PMCID: PMC3205244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Coral reefs are among the most productive marine ecosystems and are the source of a large group of structurally unique biosynthetic products. Annual reviews of marine natural products continue to illustrate that the most prolific source of bioactive compounds consist of coral reef invertebrates-sponges, ascidians, mollusks, and bryozoans. This account examines recent milestone developments pertaining to compounds from invertebrates designated as therapeutic leads for biomedical discovery. The focus is on the secondary metabolites, their inspirational structural scaffolds and the possible role of micro-organism associants in their biosynthesis. Also important are the increasing concerns regarding the collection of reef invertebrates for the discovery process. The case examples considered here will be useful to insure that future research to unearth bioactive invertebrate-derived compounds will be carried out in a sustainable and environmentally conscious fashion. Our account begins with some observations pertaining to the natural history of these organisms. Many still believe that a serious obstacle to the ultimate development of a marine natural product isolated from coral reef invertebrates is the problem of compound supply. Recent achievements through total synthesis can now be drawn on to forcefully cast this myth aside. The tools of semisynthesis of complex natural products or insights from SAR efforts to simplify an active pharmacophore are at hand and demand discussion. Equally exciting is the prospect that invertebrate-associated micro-organisms may represent the next frontier to accelerate the development of high priority therapeutic candidates. Currently in the United States there are two FDA approved marine-derived therapeutic drugs and two others that are often cited as being marine-inspired. This record will be examined first followed by an analysis of a dozen of our favorite examples of coral reef invertebrate natural products having therapeutic potential. The record of using complex scaffolds of marine invertebrate products as the starting point for development will be reviewed by considering eight case examples. The potential promise of developing invertebrate-derived micro-organisms as the starting point for further exploration of therapeutically relevant structures is considered. Also significant is the circumstance that there are some 14 sponge-derived compounds that are available to facilitate fundamental biological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ocky K. Radjasa
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fishery and Marine Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
- Marine Microbiology Unit, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Yvette M. Vaske
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC), Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Gabriel Navarro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC), Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Hélène C. Vervoort
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC), Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Karen Tenney
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC), Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Roger G. Linington
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC), Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Phillip Crews
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC), Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
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Wright AE. The Lithistida: important sources of compounds useful in biomedical research. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2011; 21:801-7. [PMID: 20971629 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2010.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Revised: 09/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Lithistid sponges have been an important source of structurally complex natural products with potent biological activities. Examples of compounds marketed as biological markers along with recent advances in defining the modes of action and biomedical potential of lithistid-derived compounds are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Wright
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute at Florida Atlantic University, Center for Marine Biomedical and Biotechnology Research, 5600 US 1 North, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA.
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Prantz K, Mulzer J. Synthesis of (Z)-Trisubstituted Olefins by Decarboxylative Grob-Type Fragmentations: Epothilone D, Discodermolide, and Peloruside A. Chemistry 2010; 16:485-506. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Prantz K, Mulzer J. Decarboxylative Grob-Type Fragmentations in the Synthesis of TrisubstitutedZ Olefins: Application to Peloruside A, Discodermolide, and Epothilone D. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:5030-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200901740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Prantz K, Mulzer J. Decarboxylierende Grob-Fragmentierung zur Synthese trisubstituierter Z-Olefine: Anwendung auf Pelorusid A, Discodermolid und Epothilon D. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200901740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kingston DGI. Tubulin-interactive natural products as anticancer agents. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:507-15. [PMID: 19125622 PMCID: PMC2765517 DOI: 10.1021/np800568j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the discovery, structures, and biological activities of anticancer natural products that act by inhibiting or promoting the assembly of tubulin to microtubules. The emphasis is on providing recent information on those compounds in clinical use or in advanced clinical trials. The vinca alkaloids, the combretastatins, NPI-2358, the halichondrin B analogue eribulin, dolastatin 10, noscapine, hemiasterlin, and rhizoxin are discussed as tubulin polymerization inhibitors, while the taxanes and the epothilones are the major classes of tubulin polymerization promoters presented, with brief treatments of discodermolide, eleutherobin, and laulimalide. The challenges and future directions of tubulin-interactive natural products-based drug discovery programs are also discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G I Kingston
- Department of Chemistry, M/C 0212, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0212, USA.
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Abstract
An overview of marine natural products synthesis during 2007 is provided. As with earlier installments in this series, the emphasis is on total syntheses of molecules of contemporary interest, new total syntheses, and syntheses that have resulted in structure confirmation or stereochemical assignments.1 Introduction, 2 Review articles, 3 Azaspiracid, 4 Polyethers, 5 Guanidinium alkaloids, 6 Amphidinolides, 7 Total syntheses of other compounds, 8 Acknowledgements, 9 References.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C Morris
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia5005
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Abstract
This review describes secondary metabolites that have been shown to be synthesized by symbiotic bacteria, or for which this possibility has been discussed. It includes 365 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Piel
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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Xie Q, Denton RW, Parker KA. A relay ring-closing metathesis synthesis of dihydrooxasilines, precursors of (Z)-iodo olefins. Org Lett 2008; 10:5345-8. [PMID: 19006314 PMCID: PMC2765515 DOI: 10.1021/ol802063h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A convenient Grubbs II metathesis provides dihydrooxasilines by relay RCM (RRCM). Dihydrooxasilines undergo ring opening to give Z-vinyl silanes. These can then be converted to Z-vinyl iodides. This sequence provides a short, high yield, and convenient route to trisubstituted Z-vinyl iodides, useful intermediates for the preparation of polypropionate antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuzhe Xie
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400
| | - Richard W. Denton
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400
| | - Kathlyn A. Parker
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400
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Cao H, Parker KA. Short synthesis of the C1-C14 stretch of discodermolide from building blocks prepared by asymmetric catalysis. Org Lett 2008; 10:1353-6. [PMID: 18311989 DOI: 10.1021/ol7029933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A convergent and stereoselective synthesis of the C1-C14 stretch of (+)-discodermolide demonstrates the utility of the "asymmetric catalysis approach" to complex polypropionates. The preparation of this complex synthon requires 15 steps in the longest linear sequence and 19 steps total from inexpensive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyan Cao
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
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Florence GJ, Gardner NM, Paterson I. Development of practical syntheses of the marine anticancer agents discodermolide and dictyostatin. Nat Prod Rep 2008; 25:342-75. [PMID: 18389141 DOI: 10.1039/b705661n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Initially isolated in trace quantities from deep-sea sponges, the structurally related polyketides discodermolide and dictyostatin share the same microtubule-stabilizing antimitotic mechanism as Taxol. Discodermolide has been the focus of intense research activity in order to develop a practical supply route, and these efforts ultimately allowed its large-scale synthesis and the initiation of clinical trials as a novel anticancer drug. Similarly, the re-isolation and synthesis of dictyostatin continues to stimulate the biological and chemical communities in their quest for the development of new chemotherapeutic agents. This comprehensive review chronicles the synthetic endeavours undertaken over the last 15 years towards the development and realization of practical chemical syntheses of discodermolide and, more recently, dictyostatin, focusing on the methods and strategies employed for achieving overall stereocontrol and key fragment unions, as well as the design and synthesis of novel hybrid structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon J Florence
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9 ST, United Kingdom.
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Paterson I, Florence GJ. The Chemical Synthesis of Discodermolide. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2008; 286:73-119. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2008_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Bowling JJ, Kochanowska AJ, Kasanah N, Hamann MT. Nature's bounty - drug discovery from the sea. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2007; 2:1505-22. [PMID: 23484601 PMCID: PMC4928193 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2.11.1505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
With ∼ 40 years of research completed after the development of self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, drug discovery opportunities in the sea are still too numerous to count. Since the FDA approval of the direct-from-the-sea calcium channel blocker ziconotide, marine natural products have been validated as a source for new medicines. However, the demand for natural products is extremely high due to the development of high-throughput assays and this bottleneck has created the need for an intense focus on increasing the rate of isolating and elucidating the structures of new bioactive secondary metabolites. In addition to highlighting the drug discovery potential of the marine environment, this review discusses several of the pressing needs to increase the rate of drug discovery in marine natural products, and describes some of the work and new technologies that are contributing in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Bowling
- The University of Mississippi, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University, MS 38677, USA +1 662 915 5730 ; +1 662 915 6975 ;
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Parker KA, Wang P. Deconstruction-reconstruction strategy for accessing valuable polyketides. Preparation of the C15-C24 stereopentad of discodermolide. Org Lett 2007; 9:4793-6. [PMID: 17924640 DOI: 10.1021/ol702144u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An advanced, known intermediate for discodermolide synthesis was prepared by an efficient sequence from the readily available fermentation product oleandomycin. The scheme makes use of a new method for the direct cleavage of aminoglycosides, a critical double-bond isomerization, and a selective protection of two of three hydroxyl groups in a modified oleandolide. This synthesis illustrates a new strategy, "deconstruction-reconstruction", for accessing stereochemically complex polyketide building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathlyn A Parker
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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Kirschning A, Taft F, Knobloch T. Total synthesis approaches to natural product derivatives based on the combination of chemical synthesis and metabolic engineering. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:3245-59. [PMID: 17912378 DOI: 10.1039/b709549j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites are an extremely diverse and important group of natural products with industrial and biomedical implications. Advances in metabolic engineering of both native and heterologous secondary metabolite producing organisms have allowed the directed synthesis of desired novel products by exploiting their biosynthetic potentials. Metabolic engineering utilises knowledge of cellular metabolism to alter biosynthetic pathways. An important technique that combines chemical synthesis with metabolic engineering is mutasynthesis (mutational biosynthesis; MBS), which advanced from precursor-directed biosynthesis (PDB). Both techniques are based on the cellular uptake of modified biosynthetic intermediates and their incorporation into complex secondary metabolites. Mutasynthesis utilises genetically engineered organisms in conjunction with feeding of chemically modified intermediates. From a synthetic chemist's point of view the concept of mutasynthesis is highly attractive, as the method combines chemical expertise with Nature's synthetic machinery and thus can be exploited to rapidly create small libraries of secondary metabolites. However, in each case, the method has to be critically compared with semi- and total synthesis in terms of practicability and efficiency. Recent developments in metabolic engineering promise to further broaden the scope of outsourcing chemically demanding steps to biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kirschning
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, and Center of Biomolecular Drug Research (BMWZ), Schneiderberg 1b, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
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