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Everhart SC, Jayasundara UK, Kim H, Procúpez-Schtirbu R, Stanbery WA, Mishler CH, Frost BJ, Cline JI, Bell TW. Synthesis and Photoisomerization of Substituted Dibenzofulvene Molecular Rotors. Chemistry 2016; 22:11291-302. [PMID: 27363530 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, spectral and structural characterization, and photoisomerization of a family of 2-substituted dibenzofulvene molecular actuators based on (2,2,2-triphenylethylidene)fluorene (TEF) are reported. The 2-substituted species investigated are nitro (NTEF), cyano (CTEF), and iodo (ITEF). X-ray structures of these three compounds and three intermediates were determined to assign alkene configuration and investigate the effects of the 2-substituents on steric gearing. The addition-elimination reaction of Z-9 with trityl anion to form Z-10 proceeded with complete retention of configuration. Rates of photoisomerization were measured at irradiation wavelengths between 266-355 nm in acetonitrile/dioxane solutions at room temperature. Photoisomerization quantum yields (φ) were calculated by means of a mathematical model that accounts for a certain degree of photodecomposition in the cases of CTEF and ITEF. Quantum yields vary significantly with substituent, having maximum values of φ=0.26 for NTEF, 0.39 for CTEF, and 0.50 for ITEF. NTEF is photochemically robust and has a large quantum yield for photoisomerization in the near-UV, making it a particularly promising drive rotor moiety for light-powered molecular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Everhart
- Department of Chemistry and Program in Chemical Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557-0216, USA
| | - Udaya K Jayasundara
- Department of Chemistry and Program in Chemical Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557-0216, USA
| | - HyunJong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Program in Chemical Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557-0216, USA
| | - Rolando Procúpez-Schtirbu
- Department of Chemistry and Program in Chemical Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557-0216, USA.,Coordinador Sección Química General, Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, P.O. Box 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Wayne A Stanbery
- Department of Chemistry and Program in Chemical Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557-0216, USA
| | - Clay H Mishler
- Department of Chemistry and Program in Chemical Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557-0216, USA
| | - Brian J Frost
- Department of Chemistry and Program in Chemical Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557-0216, USA
| | - Joseph I Cline
- Department of Chemistry and Program in Chemical Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557-0216, USA
| | - Thomas W Bell
- Department of Chemistry and Program in Chemical Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557-0216, USA.
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Murphy CJ, Sykes ECH. Development of an Electrically Driven Molecular Motor. CHEM REC 2014; 14:834-40. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201402007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin J. Murphy
- Department of Chemistry; Tufts University; Medford Massachusetts 02155 USA
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Bredenkötter B, Grzywa M, Alaghemandi M, Schmid R, Herrebout W, Bultinck P, Volkmer D. Tribenzotriquinacene Receptors for C60 Fullerene Rotors: TowardsC3Symmetrical Chiral Stators for Unidirectionally Operating Nanoratchets. Chemistry 2014; 20:9100-10. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Singh T, Kishan R, Nethaji M, Thirupathi N. Synthesis, Reactivity Studies, Structural Aspects, and Solution Behavior of Half Sandwich Ruthenium(II) N,N′,N″-Triarylguanidinate Complexes. Inorg Chem 2011; 51:157-69. [DOI: 10.1021/ic201343w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taruna Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - Ram Kishan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - Munirathinam Nethaji
- Department of Inorganic and
Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
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Ismail AI, Mantha JH, Kim HJ, Bell TW, Cline JI. Controlling the Spatial Orientation of Molecular Actuators: Polarized Photoisomerization of 2-Nitro-9-(2,2,2-triphenylethylidene)fluorene in a Thin Polymer Matrix. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:419-27. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1054777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali I. Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Jordan H. Mantha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Hyun Jong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Thomas W. Bell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Joseph I. Cline
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
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Rapenne G. Synthesis of substituted indazoles and their corresponding tris(indazolyl)borate tripodal ligands as key building blocks for molecular motors. Inorganica Chim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2009.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Vives G, de Rouville HPJ, Carella A, Launay JP, Rapenne G. Prototypes of molecular motors based on star-shaped organometallic ruthenium complexes. Chem Soc Rev 2009; 38:1551-61. [DOI: 10.1039/b804684k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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de Rouville HPJ, Vives G, Tur E, Crassous J, Rapenne G. Synthesis and analytical resolution of chiral pyrazoles derived from (5R)-dihydrocarvone. NEW J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b812123k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Carella A, Launay JP, Poteau R, Rapenne G. Synthesis and Reactivity of [Penta(4-halogenophenyl)cyclopentadienyl][hydrotris(indazolyl)borato]ruthenium(II) Complexes: Rotation-Induced Fosbury Flop in an Organometallic Molecular Turnstile. Chemistry 2008; 14:8147-56. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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