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Yin JH, Sexton B, Jukier T, Yanke AB, Holland M, Miller AD, Stranahan L, Hoffmann AR, Sandey M. Case report: Intraneural perineurioma in dogs: a case series and brief literature review. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1233230. [PMID: 38274660 PMCID: PMC10808598 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1233230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Intraneural perineurioma is an exceptionally rare neoplasm in animals. This case study comprises a series of three cases and a brief literature review focusing on canine intraneural perineurioma. The pathological and immunohistochemical findings are documented, revealing that canine intraneural perineurioma frequently affects adult dogs aged between 3 and 10 years old, with a male predominance. Clinical signs associated with intraneural perineurioma in dogs include spinal pain, lameness, and paresis, resulting from the involvement of spinal nerve roots of the pelvic limbs, brachial plexus, or distal part of the median nerve. Most neoplasms had characteristic pseudo-onion bulb patterns on histopathology. Neoplastic perineurial cells, in most cases, expressed laminin and claudin-1, and NF200 consistently highlighted the central axon. While the immunohistochemical (IHC) profile of intraneural perineurioma in veterinary medicine remains incompletely characterized, the available IHC data from all reported cases suggest that a combination of laminin and claudin-1 immunomarkers, along with distinctive histological features, can assist in establishing a definitive diagnosis of intraneural perineurioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hang Yin
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Brittani Sexton
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Tom Jukier
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Amy B. Yanke
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Merrilee Holland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Andrew D. Miller
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Lauren Stranahan
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Aline Rodrigues Hoffmann
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Maninder Sandey
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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Petrova ES, Kolos EA. Current Views on Perineurial Cells: Unique Origin, Structure, Functions. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s002209302201001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Böhm B, Bilic I, Brüggemann J, Nishiura H, Ochiai K. Clinically Manifesting, Naturally Occurring Fowl Glioma in a Leghorn Chicken in Germany. Avian Dis 2022; 66:119-123. [DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-21-00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Böhm
- Bavarian Animal Health Service, Senator-Gerauer-Straße 23, 85586 Poing, Germany
| | - Ivana Bilic
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Brüggemann
- Bavarian Animal Health Service, Senator-Gerauer-Straße 23, 85586 Poing, Germany
| | - Hayate Nishiura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Co-Department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
| | - Kenji Ochiai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Co-Department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
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Nishiura H, Kubota I, Kondo Y, Kachi M, Hatai H, Sasaki J, Goryo M, Ochiai K. Neuropathogenicity of newly isolated avian leukosis viruses from chickens with osteopetrosis and mesenchymal neoplasms. Avian Pathol 2020; 49:440-447. [PMID: 32301629 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2020.1757621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The prototype fowl glioma-inducing virus (FGVp) causes fowl glioma and cerebellar hypoplasia in chickens. In this study, we investigated whether a strain of avian leukosis virus (ALV), associated with avian osteopetrosis and mesenchymal neoplasms, is able to induce fowl glioma. We encountered avian osteopetrosis and mesenchymal neoplasms, including myxosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma, in Japanese native chickens used for both egg-laying and meat production. These birds were also affected by non-suppurative encephalitis and glioma in their brains. Four ALV strains (GifN_001, GifN_002, GifN_004, GifN_005) were isolated, and a phylogenic analysis of envSU showed that these isolates were classified into different clusters from FGVp and the variants previously reported. Whereas the envSU shared a high identity (94.7%) with that of Rous sarcoma virus (strain Schmidt-Ruppin B) (RSV-SRB), the identity between envTM of GifN_001 and that of FGVp was high (94.5%), indicating that GifN_strains may emerge by recombination between FGVp and other exogenous ALVs. Specific-pathogen-free chickens inoculated in ovo with GifN_001 revealed fowl glioma and cerebellar hypoplasia. These results suggest that the newly isolated strains have acquired neuropathogenicity to chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayate Nishiura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Co-department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Ikuko Kubota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Co-department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Yui Kondo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Co-department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Hatai
- Department of Pathogenetic and Preventive Veterinary Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Jun Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Co-department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Masanobu Goryo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Co-department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Kenji Ochiai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Co-department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
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Phylogenetic Analysis and Pathogenicity Assessment of the Emerging Recombinant Subgroup K of Avian Leukosis Virus in South China. Viruses 2018; 10:v10040194. [PMID: 29652854 PMCID: PMC5923488 DOI: 10.3390/v10040194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, cases of avian leukosis virus (ALV) infection have become more frequent in China. We isolated 6 ALV strains from yellow feather broiler breeders in south China from 2014 to 2016. Their full genomes were sequenced, compared, and analyzed with other reference strains of ALV. The complete genomic nucleotide sequences of GD150509, GD160403, GD160607, GDFX0601, and GDFX0602 were 7482 bp in length, whereas GDFX0603 was 7480 bp. They shared 99.7% to 99.8% identity with each other. Homology analysis showed that the gag, pol, long terminal repeats (LTRs), and the transmembrane region (gp37) of the env genes of the 6 viruses were well conserved to endogenous counterpart sequences (>97.8%). However, the gp85 genes displayed high variability with any known chicken ALV strains. Growth kinetics of DF-1 cells infected with the isolated ALV showed viral titers that were lower than those infected with the GD13 (ALV-A), CD08 (ALV-B), and CHN06 (ALV-J) on day 7 post-infection. The infected Specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens could produce continuous viremia, atrophy of immune organs, growth retardation and no tumors were observed. These subgroup ALVs are unique and may be common in south China. The results suggested that updating the control and eradication program of exogenous ALV for yellow feather broiler breeders in south China needs to be considered because of the emergence of the new subgroup viruses.
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Mingzhang R, Zijun Z, Lixia Y, Jian C, Min F, Jie Z, Ming L, Weisheng C. The construction and application of a cell line resistant to novel subgroup avian leukosis virus (ALV-K) infection. Arch Virol 2017; 163:89-98. [PMID: 28986681 PMCID: PMC5756289 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3563-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel avian leukosis viruses (ALV) subgroup named ALV-K was recently isolated from Chinese indigenous chickens which is different from the subgroups (A to E and J) that have previously been reported to infect chickens. More and more ALV-K strains have recently been isolated from local breeds of Chinese chickens. However, there are no more effective diagnostic methods for ALV-K other than virus isolation followed by envelope gene sequencing and comparison. Viral infection can be blocked through expression of the viral receptor-binding protein. In this study, we have engineered a cell line, DF-1/K, that expresses ALV-K env protein and thereby confers resistance to ALV-K infection. DF-1/K can be used in combination with the ALV-K susceptible cell line DF-1 as a specific diagnostic tool for ALV-K and provides a good tool for further research into the molecular mechanisms of interaction between ALV-K env protein and the host cell receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rao Mingzhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Zijun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Lixia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Jian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Min
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Jie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Liao Ming
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Poultry Infectious Diseases and Safety of Poultry Products, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cao Weisheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Poultry Infectious Diseases and Safety of Poultry Products, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Cusack L, Blas-Machado U, Mayer J. Spontaneous spinal plexiform perineurioma in a juvenile chicken ( Gallus domesticus). J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 29:557-560. [PMID: 28381111 DOI: 10.1177/1040638717702936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A 2-mo-old pet chicken ( Gallus domesticus) was presented because of lameness and a hind limb mass of 1 mo duration. Radiographs revealed a soft tissue mass extending from the mid-femur into the body wall. Cytology of a sample obtained from a fine-needle aspirate was unremarkable. The bird was prepared for surgical investigation of the mass but died acutely at the time of pre-medication. Autopsy revealed an extradural mesenchymal neoplasm that focally compressed the lumbar spinal cord, extended into and along the adjacent nerve structures, and displaced the kidneys, skeletal muscle, and body wall. Histopathology was consistent with a perineurioma, which was positive for alcian blue and negative for S100, GLUT1, and neurofilament proteins on immunohistochemistry. PCR testing of tumor tissue was negative for gallid herpesvirus 2 (Marek's disease virus) and avian leukosis virus. Although the etiology of the mass was not determined, our case highlights a severe manifestation of an uncommonly diagnosed tumor in the chicken. Though uncommon, perineurioma should be considered a differential diagnosis for lameness in the chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Cusack
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | | | - Joerg Mayer
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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Carvalho MPN, Fernandes NCCA, Nemer VC, Neto RND, Teixeira RHF, Miranda BS, Mamprim MJ, Catão-Dias JL, Réssio RA. Benign Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in a Wild Toco Toucan ( Ramphastos toco ). J Avian Med Surg 2016; 30:280-285. [PMID: 27736224 DOI: 10.1647/2015-117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve sheath tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that comprise neurofibromas, schwannomas, neurilemmomas, and perineuromas. In animals, peripheral nerve sheath neoplasms are most commonly diagnosed in dogs and cattle, followed by horses, goats, and cats, but their occurrence is uncommon in birds. An adult, free-living, male toco (common) toucan ( Ramphastos toco ) was admitted to the zoo animal clinic with weight loss, dehydration, and presence of a soft nodule adhered to the medial portion of the left pectoral muscle. Clinical, cytologic, and computed tomography scan results were indicative of a neoplasm. The toucan died during surgical resection of the mass. Necropsy, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical findings confirmed the diagnosis of benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor. To our knowledge, benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor has not previously been reported in a toucan or any other species in the order Piciformes.
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Toyoda T, Ochiai K, Hatai H, Murakami M, Ono E, Kimura T, Umemura T. Cerebellar Hypoplasia Associated with an Avian Leukosis Virus Inducing Fowl Glioma. Vet Pathol 2016; 43:294-301. [PMID: 16672576 DOI: 10.1354/vp.43-3-294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fowl glioma-inducing virus (FGV), which belongs to subgroup A of avian leukosis virus (ALV), shows tumorigenicity and pathogenicity, mainly in the nervous system, and causes astrocytoma and perineurioma. Apart from these neoplasms, cerebellar anomaly was found in chickens infected with FGV in ovo. The study reported here describes the morphologic characteristics of the affected cerebellum. Specific-pathogen-free chickens (C/O) were inoculated with FGV through the yolk sac on the 7th day of incubation. The cerebellar anomaly included diffuse depletion of granular cells of the internal granular layer (IGL), remnants of the external granular layer (EGL), and disorganization of the Purkinje cell layer. These cerebellar changes were observed in all birds except one. in the infected embryos, the EGL was thicker and had an irregular arrangement with a thin molecular layer (ML) and IGL, compared with the control. The granular cells were immunohistochemically positive for ALV common antigen. immunohistochemical analysis for vimentin revealed disarrangement and decreased number of Bergmann's fibers. Use of the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling method and electron microscopy indicated that apoptotic granular cells were frequently observed in the EGL and ML. These results suggested that the cerebellar anomaly was hypoplasia, principally resulting from the apoptosis of granular cells in the EGL and ML caused by FGV infection and that the cell loss induced obstruction of granular cell migration and disarrangement of Bergmann's fibers in the ML.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Toyoda
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
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Ochi A, Ochiai K, Nakamura S, Kobara A, Sunden Y, Umemura T. Molecular Characteristics and Pathogenicity of an Avian Leukosis Virus Isolated from Avian Neurofibrosarcoma. Avian Dis 2012; 56:35-43. [DOI: 10.1637/9830-060711-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Park CH, Kojima D, Hatai H, Inoue S, Oyamada T. A case report of traumatic neuroma of the cervical spinal cord in a dog. J Vet Med Sci 2011; 74:787-90. [PMID: 22214863 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.11-0485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic neuroma of the cervical spinal cord was diagnosed in a 14-year-old male mixed-breed dog. A gross view showed two intradural extramedullary masses, measuring 1 and 0.6 cm in length and 0.7 and 0.4 cm in diameter, attached to the left side of the spinal cord at the level of the sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae. Microscopically, the cervical spinal masses comprised interlacing fascicles of axons and Schwann cells surrounded by collagenous stroma. Immunohistochemically, the fascicles were stained positively for neurofilament and S-100 proteins. Ultrastructurally, variably sized myelinated fibers and onion bulb-like structures were observed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a traumatic neuroma in the cervical spinal cord of a dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ho Park
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 23-35-1 Higashi, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan.
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Ochi A, Ochiai K, Hatai H, Umemura T. Naturally Occurring Multiple Perineuriomas in a Chicken (Gallus domesticus). Vet Pathol 2008; 45:685-9. [DOI: 10.1354/vp.45-5-685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A 2-year-old, male Japanese native fowl ( Gallus gallus domesticus) was presented with an inability to feed and torticollis. At a necropsy, there were cylindrical enlargements and yellow discoloration of multiple peripheral nerves, including nerves of the lumbosacral plexus, brachial plexus, and spinal ganglia. On histologic examination, these lesions consisted of diffuse proliferations of spindle cells with characteristic onion bulb-like structures around residual axons. The spindle cells were immunohistochemically positive for glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and negative for S-100 α/β proteins. On the basis of microscopic, histologic, and immunohistochemical findings, the tumors were diagnosed as multiple perineuriomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Ochi
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K. Ochiai
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H. Hatai
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T. Umemura
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Vashisht K, Rock RW, Summers BA. Multiple masses in a horse's tongue resulting from an atypical perineurial cell proliferative disorder. Vet Pathol 2007; 44:398-402. [PMID: 17491087 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-3-398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A 5-year-old National Show horse mare presented with a soft mass on the left dorsolateral aspect of the tongue. Over the next 2 years, the mare developed numerous, similar, coalescing masses that extended along the left dorsolateral aspect to the tip of the tongue. Microscopically, the bases for these masses were slender, fusiform, mesenchymal cells that formed compact whorls around myelinated and unmyelinated nerves. These cells were labeled by antibodies directed against vimentin but not by S-100. Ultrastructurally, multiple, concentrically arranged, long, slender cell processes, with discontinuous external laminae and many pinocytotic vesicles, helped to accurately phenotype the proliferative element. Whether this unusual perineurial cell proliferative disorder is neoplastic or not remained a matter of conjecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Vashisht
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana, Champaign, USA.
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Hatai H, Ochiai K, Tomioka Y, Toyoda T, Hayashi K, Anada M, Kato M, Toda A, Ohashi K, Ono E, Kimura T, Umemura T. Nested polymerase chain reaction for detection of the avian leukosis virus causing so-called fowl glioma. Avian Pathol 2006; 34:473-9. [PMID: 16537161 DOI: 10.1080/03079450500368086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The complete nucleotide sequence of the avian leukosis virus causing so-called fowl glioma has been previously determined. Primers were designed for detection of the fowl glioma-causal virus (FGV) based on the 3' untranslated region of the viral genome. The provirus and viral RNA of FGV were specifically detected in various organs and tissues, including feather pulp, from experimentally infected birds using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription nested PCR. The prevalence of FGV was evaluated in 131 Japanese fowls of a zoological garden in Japan based on the detection of the FGV genome in feather pulp using PCR and the detection of viral antigen in faeces by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. FGV proviral DNA was detected in feather pulp of 52 birds (39.7%) by nested PCR. Later, nine dead birds from among the 52 were histologically diagnosed as having fowl glioma and found to have the proviral DNA in the affected brain. These results demonstrated that the PCR-based detection of FGV in feather pulp is useful for epidemiological studies on fowl glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hatai
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
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