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Carvalho VL, Groch KR, Catão-Dias JL, Meirelles ACO, Silva CPN, Monteiro ANB, Díaz-Delgado J. Cerebral and cardiac congenital malformations in neonatal West Indian manatees (Trichechus manatus). J Comp Pathol 2019; 166:29-34. [PMID: 30691603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.10.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Strandings of live new-born West Indian manatees (WIMs; Trichechus manatus) are one of the main challenges for the conservation of this species in Brazil, particularly in the northeastern states. Congenital malformations (CMs) are rare in sirenians. We identified CMs in two of 19 stranded WIMs that were rescued, rehabilitated and subjected to complete pathological examinations in Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte States between 1992 and 2017. In case 1, dilation of the cerebral lateral and fourth ventricles with abundant cerebrospinal fluid (internal hydrocephalus), was diagnosed. Furthermore, this animal developed necrotizing enterocolitis associated with pneumatosis intestinalis and aspiration pneumonia late during rehabilitation. Cardiac malformations in case 2 included: right ventricle hypoplasia with marked stenosis of the tricuspid outflow, high ventricular septal defect, segmental pulmonary artery aneurysm, mitral valve haemocyst and left ventricular hypertrophy. Herein, we provide the first description of a neural tube defect, specifically a developmental internal hydrocephalus, and multiple cardiac congenital anomalies, together with their respective clinicopathological features in manatees. Although the aetiology of the CMs remains unknown in these cases, a genetic basis is plausible given the low genetic variability in this population. These cases add to the body of knowledge on health and disease aspects of manatees and may provide scientific basis for future medical and conservation efforts on neonatal WIMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Carvalho
- Associação de Pesquisa e Preservação de Ecossistemas Aquáticos (Aquasis), Av. José de Alencar, 150 SESC, Iparana, Caucaia-Ceará, Brazil.
| | - K R Groch
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J L Catão-Dias
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A C O Meirelles
- Associação de Pesquisa e Preservação de Ecossistemas Aquáticos (Aquasis), Av. José de Alencar, 150 SESC, Iparana, Caucaia-Ceará, Brazil
| | - C P N Silva
- Associação de Pesquisa e Preservação de Ecossistemas Aquáticos (Aquasis), Av. José de Alencar, 150 SESC, Iparana, Caucaia-Ceará, Brazil
| | - A N B Monteiro
- Instituto de Pesquisa Cananéia, Rua Tristão Lobo, 199, Centro Cananéia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Díaz-Delgado
- Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Berridge BR, Mowat V, Nagai H, Nyska A, Okazaki Y, Clements PJ, Rinke M, Snyder PW, Boyle MC, Wells MY. Non-proliferative and Proliferative Lesions of the Cardiovascular System of the Rat and Mouse. J Toxicol Pathol 2016; 29:1S-47S. [PMID: 27621537 PMCID: PMC5013710 DOI: 10.1293/tox.29.3s-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The INHAND Project (International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria
for Lesions in Rats and Mice) is a joint initiative of the Societies of Toxicologic
Pathology from Japan (JSTP), Europe (ESTP), Great Britain (BSTP) and North America (STP)
to develop an internationally-accepted nomenclature for proliferative and
non-proliferative lesions in laboratory animals. The primary purpose of this publication
is to provide a standardized nomenclature for characterizing lesions observed in the
cardiovascular (CV) system of rats and mice commonly used in drug or chemical safety
assessment. The standardized nomenclature presented in this document is also available
electronically for society members on the internet (http://goreni.org). Accurate and
precise morphologic descriptions of changes in the CV system are important for
understanding the mechanisms and pathogenesis of those changes, differentiation of natural
and induced injuries and their ultimate functional consequence. Challenges in nomenclature
are associated with lesions or pathologic processes that may present as a temporal or
pathogenic spectrum or when natural and induced injuries share indistinguishable features.
Specific nomenclature recommendations are offered to provide a consistent approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hirofumi Nagai
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Abraham Nyska
- Consultant in Toxicologic Pathology and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Timrat, Israel
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