Zhang P, Ma Y, Zhao J, Yang D, Xu H. One-dimensional spatial dark soliton-induced channel waveguides in lithium niobate crystal.
APPLIED OPTICS 2006;
45:2273-8. [PMID:
16607995 DOI:
10.1364/ao.45.002273]
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Abstract
The anisotropic dependence of the formation of one-dimensional (1-D) spatial dark solitons on the orientation of intensity gradients in lithium niobate crystal is numerically specified. Based on this, we propose an approach to fabricate channel waveguides by employing 1-D spatial dark solitons. By exposure of two 1-D dark solitons with different orientations, channel waveguides can be created. The structures of the channel waveguides can be tuned by adjustment of the widths of the solitons and/or the angles between the two exposures. A square channel waveguide is experimentally demonstrated in an iron-doped lithium niobate crystal by exposure of two orthogonal 1-D dark solitons in sequence.
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